• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.250-255
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to determine physical characteristics, and subjective sensation toward sports socks, varing types of fiber content and fabric structure. Also we tried to develop regression models from variables. Results of this study are as follows. 1. Cotton 100% socks had a highest absorbency and wickability among six different socks. The result of ANOVA shows that fiber content influenced on the wet sensation only prior to exercise. 2. Terry socks had a higher drop absorbency, stretch properties and thermal resistances than plain jersey socks. But there was no significant difference in overall comfort sensation. 3. We developed regression models to predict overall comfort sensation from thermal sensation and wet sensation. Also we can predict thermal sensation from the thickness of socks in the sole area, and we can predict wet sensation from moisture permeability

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.3 s.56
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• pp.406-413
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• 2005

This study performed the evaluation of skin temperature, heart rate, temperature and relative humidity of microclimate, and subjective sensation, such as thermal sensation, wet sensation and comfort sensation to estimate physiological responses of the human body and its comfortable feeling to the vitamin E fabric. Experiments were performed on the five healthy adult women whose average age was 21, at climate chamber in which temperature, relative humidity and air current were set up below $30{\pm}\;1^{\circ}C$, $50{\pm}\;15\%$ and 0.2m/s, respectively. Two kinds of clothes were used for experiments: unfinished sports clothes, with the same form and the same size, of short-sleeved knit shirt and long trousers made with $100\%$ cotton, and finished sports clothes printed with the vitamin E solution of the level of $0.88\%$. Exercises of walking (about 105 steps/minute) with the exercise intensity of 2.5 were performed for 20 minutes using treadmill. In result, the study showed significant difference (p<0.01) in average skin temperature between unfinished and finished sport clothes, and represented higher value with having unfinished sport clothes in wear than with finished one. The study also showed significant difference (p<0.01) in heart rate only during the period of exercise, and represented higher value generally with unfinished sport clothes than with finished one. There were significant differences not only in temperature of microclimate (p<0.01) but also in humidity of microclimate (p<0.05) between two sport clothes. As for the evaluation of subjective sensation, the study showed significant difference (p<0.05) in thermal sensation between the two kinds of sport clothes, significant difference in wet sensation only during the period of exercise, and significant difference (p<0.05) in comfort sensation only during the period of recovery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.1115-1124
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was 1) to determine physical properties, and subjective evaluation of sensation of sports socks with various type of fiber content and fabric structure, and 2) to develop regression equations for predicting each sensation from physical properties of socks. Thirty healthy male students participated in the wear test with ten replications. The ANOVA, Duncans multiple test, and multiple regression, and paired-t test were used in the statistical analysis, using an SAS package. The results of this study are as follows: 1. 100% cotton socks had higher absorbency and wickability among five different socks. Comfort sensation, tactile sensation and fit sensation of socks were significantly influenced by types of fiber content. People felt that polypropylene socks were less comfortable & slightly tighter, and cotton socks were drier than the other socks. Terry socks were warmer than single jersey socks. 2. The results of the regression analysis showed that tactile sensation of socks after exercise can be predicted from the cube of moisture permeability($R^2$=0.99), and fit sensation can be predicted from drop absorbency, moisture permeability, wickability in wale and weight($R^2$=-0.98).

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.125-137
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• 2020

Objectives : Charcot neuroarthropathy(CN) is condition characterized by a progressive joint deformation with sensorial and autonomic neuropathy. This study is to report a case of CN improved by Korean medical treatment. Methods : The patient's left foot with CN was treated by Shudihuangkushen-tang, Haifu-san wet dressing, acupuncture and herbal acupuncture. We evaluated the progress by laboratory investigation, radiograph and photograph comparison, visual analogue scale(VAS) of edema and pain sensation. Results : After treatment, VAS score of edema dropped from 6 to 1, of pain sensation slightly improved from 0 to 1. Average blood sugar level decreased and rebounded, but Hemoglobin A1c level improved from 9.5% to 7.7%. Improvement of the left foot was recognized from the radiograph and photograph comparison. Conclusions : This study suggests Korean medicine is effective in treating CN, especially using Shudihuangkushen-tang, Haifu-san wet dressing.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.993-999
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• 2013

This study aimed to measure the amount of sweating on 12 parts of the upper body using absorption fabric and analyze subjective sensations. The study was conducted with 9 male subjects in climate chamber controled at $30{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, and $55{\pm}5%$ RH. The result was that sweating amount of the upper back part was significantly more than upper front part. We assumed that forced convection flow cased by exercise decreased the sweating rate in the front. The skin temperature of upper front body rapidly decreased as soon as exercise starts and gradually increased with cessation of exercise. On the other hand, the skin temperature of palm increased with exercise and showed continuous increasing even exercise stopping all the experimental period. This is caused by thermoregulatory responses through vasodilatation on the peripheral area. Subjective sensations, such as thermal sensation, wet sensation, and thermal comfort showed the highest score at the time of exercise stop. This means the subjects felt more hot, wet, and uncomfortable after exercise stopped. Bur after wiping of sweat, subjective sensation scores were recovered rapidly. The present study has provided more detailed information on the upper body sweat distribution than previously available, which can be used in clothing design, thermo-physiological modeling, and thermal manikin design. We also think that results of the present study will play an important role in making the sweat distribution map.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.11 s.158
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• pp.1531-1537
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the relation between clothing pressure and subjective sensation exerted by foundation. Nineteen females volunteered as subjects. Experimental foundations were brassiere with 70B, 70C, 75B and 75C size which were widely distributed in pilot test and two types of girdle of which size were 64, 70 and 76. Clothing pressure with an air pack system and subjective sensation were measured at 5 points in brassiere and 7 points in the girdle. As the result of this study, brassiere's band and girdle's waist line, of which clothing pressure are high, is needed to improve. Generally the more pressure makes the more tightness, however, in some regions more or less pressure can give comfort. The tightness rating may not only related to clothing pressure, but also related to factors such as body size, body fat, resilience of muscle and bone structure. Other subjective sensation such as tactile feeling, hot/wet feeling, etc. in addition to the study with consideration of these factors could be used in future research to evaluate the effectiveness of foundation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1056-1064
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• 2008

Toes socks are used widely for the health of feet. However, discomfort is one of the major complains from toes socks users. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of functional fibers on the physiological response and wearing sensation of toes socks. For experiment, two different toes socks with cotton/warm fiber(WS) and cotton/chitosan fiber(CS) were knitted automatically by a computer controlled flat knitting machine. The control toes socks with cotton/nylon/polyurethan(TS) were prepared to compare the properties. Experiments were conducted in a climate room of $16\pm2^{\circ}C$, $50\pm5%$ R.H. The results of this study were as follows. The change of heart rate, pulse rate, and mean skin temperature showed no difference among three different socks. However, skin temperature of TS was evaluated higher than that of WS and CS. After exercise wearing WS both instep temperature and sole temperature of women tend to higher compared to men. Wet sensation and overall comfort sensation of toes socks were significantly influenced by different fiber contents. Subjects evaluated WS and CS more comfortable than TS.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1063-1075
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• 2010

Studying awareness, importance, satisfaction, and wearing behavior of functional textiles for active silver generation related with gender and age is expected to contribute to clothing products development to improve and maintain their health and marketing strategy fit for user characteristics. For empirical research, a survey was developed and the aged 50 and above were 332 respondents. The results of the study are as follows. First, silver generation considered all the clothing comfort sensations important when wearing clothes, such as tactile sensation, clothing pressure sensation, thermal/wet sensation, and motion sensation in human physiological aspect. Also, stretchy fabrics were ranked first in awareness, the number of wearing times, and satisfaction of comfort functional fabrics. More than 30% of silver generation have fifteen items out of 36 functional clothes. Second, in analysis of awareness by gender on functional clothing products, women were more aware of health/safety-oriented fabrics than men were. Otherwise, men had more knowledge about the water-related properties of functional fabrics than women have, such as water/moisture absorptive and water-repellent/vapor permeable fabrics. While women have more indoor casual wear, men had more active sportswear. Also, women expressed a strong preference to the stretchy function of fabrics.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.727-732
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of flame-proof clothing on physiological responses and subjective sensation. We measured rectal temperatures, local skin temperature, clothing microclimate, blood pressure, heart rate, body weight loss and subjective sensation during 90 minutes (30 min of rest, 45 min of exercise and 15 min of recovery periods). Seven male subjects wore flame-proof clothing or reformed flame-proof clothing under the environmental condition of $35{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $45{\pm}5%$ RH and $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $50{\pm}5%$ RH. The results of this study were as follows; Rectal temperature, mean skin temperature, clothing microclimate and blood pressure were significantly lower levels in reformed flame-proof clothing. Heart rate and body weight loss were also showed lower levels. Subjects replied less hot, less uncomfortable and less wet in wearing a reformed flame-proof clothing. Our present results suggest that the ventilation through of gusset in underarm seam and zipper in sideseam of slacks are qualitatively useful for physiological needs.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.597-603
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• 2006

This study was aimed to find out the problems of wearing flame-proof clothing and to analytically assess functional working-clothes, thus to propose a new design. We carried out a questionnaire with workers in the field and evaluated the facility for wearing, the sensation of wearing and clothing microclimate in the environmental chamber. We found out the problems were in the parts of neck, armpits, armhole, sleeve, crotch and suspenders. Thermal sensation, wet sensation and comfort sensations were evaluated to be 'hot', 'wet' and near to discomfort', respectively. Therefore, improvement of movement and air permeability is needed. If we can add gusset on armpit for air permeability, this gusset will enable to enlarge the surface in armpit area and finally give a movement efficiency. We suggested several new partly modified design for flame-proof clothing which can be applied to other protective clothing for improvement. This must be further considered in the ergonomic evaluation of new proposed functional working-clothes as well as in the suggestion of design.