• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2006년도 공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.209-210
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• 2006

The Bismarck Sea represent a unique region in the equatorial western Pacific where one can explore the relationship between tectonic and magmatic processes associated with back-arc opening. The sea, located north of Papua New Guinea and just south of the equator, formed during the final stages of a long, complex geological development of the Melanesian Borderland. The development resulted from the Cenozoic convergence between the Australian and Pacific- Caroline Plates and the opening of back-arc basins. At present, the Bismarck Sea straddles two oppositely facing trenches, the inactive Manus trench and the active New Britain trench, and covers two basins, the New Guinea Basin (NGB) to the west and the Manus Basin (MB) to the east. The two basins are separated by the shallow Willaumez-Manus Rise (WMR), which trends roughly from WNW to ESE. The origin of these major structural units and their relationship with the presentday zone of major seismicity along the Bismarck Sea Seismic Lineation (BSSL) remains unclear and is the main focus of our study.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 1977

For four calender years (1971-1974), daily observations of weather conditions (air temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, cloud amount, fog, precipitation etc.) at six stations in the north western Pacific Ocean are used to calculate mean monthly values and to check extra-conditions. At Petropavlosk and Miko'skoe, where indicate the characteristics of modified continental climate, the temperature and humidity are high in summer, and Iow in winter. At A Dak and She Mya, where indicate the characteristics of warm current type maritime climate, humidity is high in all season and annual range of air temperature is nearly negligible. At Simusir and Vasi!' eva, where indicate the characteristics of cold current type maritime climate, humidity is high in all season and annual range of air temperature is $15^{\circ}C.$ As dry cooling power is relatively high in winter, working condition on deck is bad. Most of fogs are advection fog in the area of cold current type climate in summer.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2024

Exacanthomysis marsailiae and Nipponomysis neolingvura are described as new species based on specimens collected with a light trap off the East Sea coast of Korea. E. marsailiae is closely related to Exacanthomysis alaskensis (Banner, 1954) and Exacanthomysis borealis (Banner, 1954). However, E. marsailiae can be distinguished from these species by having slightly grouped spines on lateral margins near the telson apex, and the exopod of male's fourth pleopod more than twice as long as the endopod. N. neolingvura can be distinguished from its closest relative, Nipponomysis lingvura (Murano, 1977), in that the lateral sides of the telson are all armed with spines without any empty space, and that the second segment of the fourth male pleopod is longer than the third one. The report of E. marsailiae from the East Sea of Korea extends the distribution range of the genus Exacanthomysis from the high-latitude North Pacific southward to the mid-latitude waters of the western Pacific. The morphological characteristics of the two current new species are also compared with those of their congeners.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.507-516
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• 2011

Tropical Atmosphere Ocean/Triangle Trans-Ocean Buoy Network (TAO/TRITON) Array is the series of buoys for the international ocean research project, which is mostly supported by National Ocean and Atmosphere Administration (NOAA) and Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC). We can determine the effect of the equatorial and Pacific Ocean conditions on global climate change from buoy array measurement data. The TAO/TRITON array comprises around 70 measurement buoys from $10^{\circ}$ north to $10^{\circ}$ south in the tropics and between Galpagos and New Guinea. NOAA maintains ATLAS buoys in the central and eastern Pacific between $165^{\circ}E$ and $95^{\circ}W$, and JAMSTEC maintains the 12 buoys in the western Pacific along $137^{\circ}E$, $147^{\circ}E$, and $156^{\circ}E$. The KA-10-03 cruise excursion provided us with a good opportunity to obtain knowledge on oceanic buoy operation and maintenance. Further, we learned advanced techniques and know-how on buoy operation and maintenance. Once we are confident with our buoy management and maintenance techniques, both KORDI and NOAA technicians may be able to help each other when needed and share available resources.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.659-666
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• 2003

본 연구는 한국에 있어서 춘계 강수 분포의 변동성과 소우년과 다우년의 500hPa면의 대기 순환 특성을 비교 분석한 연구이다. 한국의 춘계 강수량 변동률의 분포는 월별로 상이하다. 3월은 한국의 서안 지역은 높고 남동안은 낮아서 서고 동저, 4월은 북고 남저, 5월은 동고 서저 경향을 나타낸다. 500hPa면의 고도편차 분포에서 3월의 소우년은 한반도 주변과 북태평양 서안에 음의 편차역을 형성하고 시베리아를 중심한 동아시아 내륙이 양의 편차를 나타내어 서고 동저형을 이루고 있다. 따라서 한반도와 그 주변은 대상풍의 동서성분 풍속은 양의 편차역에 속하여 동서류가 강할 때 소우현상이 나타난다. 다우년은 소우년과는 대조적으로 한반도는 알류샨열도 주변 및 북태평양 서안에 중심을 둔 양의 편차역에 속하고, 티베트고원 및 시베리아를 중심한 동아시아 내륙지역은 음의 편차역에 속하여 동고 서저형을 나타내며, 이 때 동서류는 약하다. 4ㆍ5월의 소우년은 북태평양의 중앙부에서 동아시아 동안에 연결된 대상의 음의 편차역에 속하며 양의 편차역은 알류샨열도에서 티베트고원에 이르는 동아시아 중부에 분포하여 북고 남저 유형을 나타내고 다우년은 소우년과 반대로 남고북저 유형을 나타내고 있다. 한반도에서의 춘계 소우년과 다우년의 출현시 대기 순환이 대조적일 뿐만 아니라 조춘과 만춘의 대기순환이 상이함을 확인하였다.

• 대기
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.299-314
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to summarize tropical cyclone activity in 2006. Twenty three tropical cyclones of tropical storm (TS) intensity or higher formed in the western North Pacific and the South China Sea in 2006. The total number is less than the thirty-year (1971~2000) average frequency of 26.7. Out of twenty three tropical cyclones, fifteen cyclones reached typhoon (TY) intensity, while the rest eight cyclones only reached severe tropical storm (STS) and tropical storm (TS) intensity - three STS and five TS storms. The tropical cyclone season in 2006 began in May with the formation of CHANCHU (0601). The convective activity was slightly inactive around the Philippines from late June to early August. In addition, subtropical high was more enhanced than normal over the south of Japan from May to early August. Consequently, most tropical cyclones formed over the sea east of the Philippines after late June, and many of them moved westwards to China. CHANCHU (0601), BILIS (0604), KAEMI (0605), PRAPIROON (0606) and SAOMI (0608) brought damage to China, the Philippines, and Vietnam. On the other hand, EWINIAR (0603) moved northwards and hit the Republic of Korea, causing damage to the country. From late August to early September, convective activity was temporarily inactive over the sea east of the Philippines. However, it turned active again after late September. Subtropical high was weak over the south of Japan after late August. Therefore, most tropical cyclones formed over the sea east of the Philippines and moved northwards. WUKONG (0610) and SHANSHAN (0613) hit Japan to bring damage to the country. On the other hand, XANGSANE (0615) and CIMARON (0619) moved westwards in the South China Sea, causing damage to the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Another special feature in 2006 tropical cyclone activity is that IOKE (0612) formed in the central North Pacific crossed 180 degree longitude and moved into the western North Pacific. It has been four years since HUKO (0224) in 2002.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.150-166
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• 2011

이 연구는 장마철 남해안 호우 사례의 850hPa 면 수증기 수송의 주축 유형에 대해 우리나라의 강수량 분포 특성, 동아시아 규모의 종관 특성과 장마전선의 구조를 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 그 결과 유형 A(남중국해~화남~남해안)의 경우 아열대고기압이 화남지방에까지 영향을 미치고 황해를 중심으로 뚜렷한 저압부가 나타났다. 강수량도 대체로 동서 방향으로 분포하며 지형의 영향이 잘 나타나지 않았다. 유형 B(남중국해~타이완 부근~남해안), 유형 C(북태평양~남해안)에서는 타이완 부근에 열대저기압이 자주 나타났고 북서태평양고기압은 북쪽으로 이동하였다. 남해안 부근에서만 수증기 수송 주축이 나타나는 유형 D에서는 황해에 강한 저기압이 나타났다. 주축 유형 B, C, D의 경우 강수량 분포에서 북동~남서 방향이 잘 나타나며 지형의 영향이 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 상층 제트기류는 남해안의 북쪽에서 강화되었고 하층 제트기류는 수증기 수송 주축과 거의 일치하여 나타났다. 전선의 구조를 살펴본 즉, 거의 전체 사례에서 저기압성 순환이 대류권 상층에까지 나타나는 깊은 활동전선 유형을 보였다. 이 점에서 장마는 바이우계 동안 상당한 빈도로 얕은 활동전선 유형이 나타나는 일본 남서부 지역의 경우와 차이를 나타냈다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.4587-4590
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• 2016

Background: In many countries gastric cancer has the highest incidence among the gastrointestinal cancers and is the second most common cancer in Iran. The aim of this study was to identify and map high risk gastric cancer regions at the county-level in Iran. Methods: In this study we analyzed gastric cancer data for Iran in the years 2003-2010. Area-to-area Poisson kriging and Besag, York and Mollie (BYM) spatial models were applied to smoothing the standardized incidence ratios of gastric cancer for the 373 counties surveyed in this study. The two methods were compared in term of accuracy and precision in identifying high risk regions. Result: The highest smoothed standardized incidence rate (SIR) according to area-to-area Poisson kriging was in Meshkinshahr county in Ardabil province in north-western Iran (2.4,SD=0.05), while the highest smoothed standardized incidence rate (SIR) according to the BYM model was in Ardabil, the capital of that province (2.9,SD=0.09). Conclusion: Both methods of mapping, ATA Poisson kriging and BYM, showed the gastric cancer incidence rate to be highest in north and north-west Iran. However, area-to-area Poisson kriging was more precise than the BYM model and required less smoothing. According to the results obtained, preventive measures and treatment programs should be focused on particular counties of Iran.

• 대기
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2018

In this study, the accuracy of ocean analysis data, which are produced from the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean/Variational Data Assimilation (NEMO/NEMOVAR, hereafter NEMO) system and the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model/Navy Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation (HYCOM/NCODA, hereafter HYCOM) system, was evaluated using various oceanic observation data from March 2015 to February 2016. The evaluation was made for oceanic thermal environments in the tropical Pacific, the western North Pacific, and the Korean peninsula. NEMO generally outperformed HYCOM in the three regions. Particularly, in the tropical Pacific, the RMSEs (Root Mean Square Errors) of NEMO for both the sea surface temperature and vertical water temperature profile were about 50% smaller than those of HYCOM. In the western North Pacific, in which the observational data were not used for data assimilation, the RMSE of NEMO profiles up to 1000 m ($0.49^{\circ}C$) was much lower than that of HYCOM ($0.73^{\circ}C$). Around the Korean peninsula, the difference in RMSE between the two models was small (NEMO, $0.61^{\circ}C$; HYCOM, $0.72^{\circ}C$), in which their errors show relatively big in the winter and small in the summer. The differences reported here in the accuracy between NEMO and HYCOM for the thermal environments may be attributed to horizontal and vertical resolutions of the models, vertical coordinate and mixing scheme, data quality control system, data used for data assimilation, and atmosphere forcing. The present results can be used as a basic data to evaluate the accuracy of NEMO, before it becomes the operational model of the KMA providing real-time ocean analysis and prediction data.

• 대기
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.295-309
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• 2019

Due to frequent occurrence of abnormal weather, the need to improve the accuracy of subseasonal prediction has increased. Here we analyze the performance of weekly predictions out to 6 weeks by GloSea5 climate model. The performance in circulation field from January 1991 to December 2010 is first analyzed at each grid point using the 500-hPa geopotential height. The anomaly correlation coefficient and mean-square skill score, calculated each week against the ECWMF ERA-Interim reanalysis data, illustrate better prediction skills regionally in the tropics and over the ocean and seasonally during winter. Secondly, we evaluate the predictability of 7 major teleconnection patterns in the Northern Hemisphere: North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), East Atlantic (EA), East Atlantic/Western Russia (EAWR), Scandinavia (SCAND), Polar/Eurasia (PE), West Pacific (WP), Pacific-North American (PNA). Skillful predictability of the patterns turns out to be approximately 1~2 weeks. During summer, the EAWR and SCAND, which exhibit a wave pattern propagating over Eurasia, show a considerably lower skill than the other 5 patterns, while in winter, the WP and PNA, occurring in the Pacific region, maintain the skill up to 2 weeks. To account for the model's bias in reproducing the teleconnection patterns, we measure the similarity between the teleconnection patterns obtained in each lead time. In January, the model's teleconnection pattern remains similar until lead time 3, while a sharp decrease of similarity can be seen from lead time 2 in July.