• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2014

Wearable medical device has been a resurgence of interest thanks to the development of technology and propagation of smart phone in recent years. Various types of wearable devices have been introduced and available in market. Capacitive coupled electrode which measures electrocardiogram over cloth is able to be applied wearable device. In previous approaches of capacitive electrode, they need proper pressure for stable contact of the electrode to body surface. However, wearable device that gives pressure on body surface is not suitable for long-term monitoring. In this study, we proposed adhesive polyurethane-based capacitive electrode for patch-type wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring device. Self-adhesive polyurethane make the electrode and whole system be adhered to the surface of skin without any pressure. The patch-type system is consisted of analog filter, analog-to-digital converter and wireless transmission module and designed to be attached on the body as a patch. To validate the feasibility of the developed system, we measured ECG signal in stable and active state and extracted heart rate. Therefore, we observed skin response after long-term attachment for biocompatibility of the adhesive polyurethane and adhesive strength of it. The result shows the possibility of applying the developed system for ECG monitoring in real-life.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 WCDMA2100 이동통신망을 사용하는 밴드형 wearable device에 적합한 bent 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나와 이를 적용하기 위한 RF configuration을 제안하였다. 제안된 안테나는 WCDMA2100 송수신 주파수 대역을 분리한 RF configuration을 사용하여 WCDMA 송신대역에서만 동작하도록 설계되었고, 후면의 도체(ground)로 인해 인체의 영향을 적게 받는다. 제안된 안테나는 flat 및 bent할 경우 모두 최대 이득은 5.3 dBi 이상, -6 dB 반사손실 대역폭은 20 MHz 이상을 가지고 전자파 인체 흡수율 시뮬레이션 $SAR_{1g}$ 0.7 [W/kg] 이하를 갖는다. 제안된 안테나는 사람의 손목이나 팔에 착용하는 밴드형 wearable device에 적합하게 사용될 수 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.827-835
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• 2022

Clothing pressure is considered the essential factor affecting the comfort of clothing, so it is crucial that it is measured precisely. The purpose of this study is to construct a prototype using the Adafruit Flora as the Arduino system, which can be used as a wearable framework for easy, low-cost, and precise clothing pressure measurement. The study also aims to determine how best to conduct the procedure of sensor calibration. To optimize the accuracy of the sensors, the calibration procedure was implemented using mathematical methods that combined polynomial and exponential regression in a hybrid approach. The prototype can easily measure clothing pressure even during active movements, as seen in the detection of stable signals. In addition, since the system was specifically proposed as a wearable patch that can be easily attached and removed as necessary, it can also be used to standardize the value of clothing pressure in each movement.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2024

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (A-fib) is a serious complication of cardiac surgery that is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Traditional 24-hour Holter monitors have limitations, which have prompted the development of innovative wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring devices. This study assessed a patch-type wearable ECG device (MobiCARE-MC100) for monitoring A-fib in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and compared it with 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, investigator-initiated cohort study that included 39 patients who underwent cardiac surgery between July 2021 and June 2022. Patients underwent simultaneous monitoring with both conventional Holter and patchtype ECG devices for 24 hours. The Holter device was then removed, and patch-type monitoring continued for an additional 48 hours, to determine whether extended monitoring provided benefits in the detection of A-fib. Results: This 72-hour ECG monitoring study included 39 patients, with an average age of 62.2 years, comprising 29 men (74.4%) and 10 women (25.6%). In the initial 24 hours, both monitoring techniques identified the same number of paroxysmal A-fib in 7 out of 39 patients. After 24 hours of monitoring, during the additional 48-hour assessment using the patch-type ECG device, an increase in A-fib burden (9%→38%) was observed in 1 patient. Most patients reported no significant discomfort while using the MobiCARE device. Conclusion: In patients who underwent cardiac surgery, the mobiCARE device demonstrated diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of the conventional Holter monitoring system.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.749-754
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• 2022

다양한 의료 응용 분야에서 웨어러블 및 피부 부착형 전자 패치에 피부 표면의 높은 접착력과 내수성이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 탄소 기반 전도성 고분자 복합 소재에 개구리 발바닥의 육각 채널와 문어 빨판의 흡착 구조 패턴을 모사한 신축성 있는 전자 패치를 보고한다. 개구리의 발바닥을 모사한 육각 채널 구조는 수분을 배수하며, 균열억제 효과를 통해 점착력을 향상 시키며, 문어 빨판을 모사한 흡착 구조는 젖은 표면에서 높은 점착력을 나타낸다. 또한 고점착 전자패치는 실리콘(max. 4.06 N/cm²), 피부 복제 표면(max. 1.84 N/cm²) 등 다양한 표면에 건조 및 젖은 조건에서 우수한 접착력을 가지고 있다. 고분자 매트릭스와 탄소 입자를 기반으로한 고분자 복합소재를 통해 제작된 고점착 전자 패치는 건조 및 습한 환경에서 심전도(ECG)을 안정적으로 감지할 수 있다. 이 연구에서 보여진 특성을 기반으로 제안된 전자 패치는 다양한 생체 신호의 진단을 위한 웨어러블 및 피부 부착 센서 디바이스를 구현하는 잠재적 응용 가능성을 제시한다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to guide the research direction for securing the competitiveness of the textile industry by analyzing the trends of patent technology development for flexible materials and platform technologies of domestic and overseas textiles used for wearable devices. The study is based on patents from Korea (KIPO), USA (USPTO), Japan (JPO), Europe (EPO), PCT (WO), and China (SIPO), which were registered as of December 31, 2017. The analysis utilized 3,643 patents acquired from the WINTELIPS search DB. The technology classification system for patent analysis was divided into evangelist-based textile technology developments: human body (AA), fiber attachment patch development (AB), and service platform development (AC). The analysis findings are as follows: 1. The development of flexible materials and platform technologies for textile-based wearable devices has increased since 2000. In particular, China (SIPO) had the most patents. 2. In China, Japan, and Korea, most patent applicants are applied for by natives, but the US has a high proportion of foreigners applying for patents. 3. As for the amount of development of the evangelist-based textile technology (AA) was the most common with 1,203 (33%) cases. As a result of the above IP historical analysis, it can be seen that as a result of the global competition, domestic companies need to acquire IRP and standard technology, and promote commercialization by applying their products to smart wearables devices and other products.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2018

Recently, the bio-sensing information systems for collecting and analysing human body information of a patient in real time in the field of medical information and healthcare information service are continuously increasing. Specially, various wearable devices such as a wrist, a garment, and a skin attachment type for supporting health information of a mobile user are rapidly increasing. Until now, there is no patch-type biometric information service model. Therefore, this paper presents a biometric information system model and the application examples to support biometric information sensing and health information service of mobile user with digital patch system as a new biometric information system. As a result, through this research, research issues based on digital patch system are searched to suggest the direction of continuous research.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.754-760
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 직물형 회로 기판상에 설계된 U-슬롯을 갖는 빔 조향(beam steering) 마이크로스트립 패치(microstrip patch) 안테나를 제안하였다. 본 안테나는 직물형 회로 기판 및 의복상에 제작하는 것을 목적으로 설계되었으며, 동작 주파수 6.0 GHz에서 빔 조향이 가능하도록 설계되었다. 빔 조향을 위해 U-슬롯과 간접적 급전(in-direct feed) 방식이 적용되었으며, 안테나 패치 부분과 간접 급전부 사이에 두 개의 가상 스위치(line connection)을 이용하였다. 두 개의 가상 스위치 조합($S_0$, $S_1$, $S_2$)에 따라, 최대 빔 방사 방향은 yz-평면상에서 ${\theta}=0^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $331^{\circ}$, 세 방향으로의 빔 조향이 가능하다. 전체 반전력 빔 폭(HPBW)에 의한 빔 커버리지는 약 $115^{\circ}$이고, 빔 조향시 6.11~6.69 dBi의 최대 이득(peak gain)을 갖는다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2019

Sweat-based glucose sensors are being widely investigated and researched as they facilitate painless and continuous measurement. However, because the concentration of sweat glucose is almost a hundred times lower than that of blood glucose, it is important to develop electrochemical sensing electrode materials that are highly sensitive to glucose molecules for the detection of low concentrations of glucose. The preparation of a flexible and ultra-sensitive sensor for detection of sweat glucose is presented in this study. Oxygen and nitrogen are removed from the surface of a polyimide film by exposure to a CO2 laser; hence, laser-induced graphene (LIG) is formed. The fabricated LIG electrode showed favorable properties of high roughness and good stability, flexibility, and conductivity. After the laser scanning, Pt nanoparticles (PtNP) with good catalytic behavior were electrodeposited and the glucose sensor thus developed, with a LIG/PtNP hybrid electrode, exhibited a high order of sensitivity and detection limit for sweat glucose.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.623-627
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• 2014

최근에 인체 중심의 무선통신 기술에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 입을 수 있는 안테나에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 GPS 주파수를 수신할 수 있는 입을 수 있는 안테나를 제안하였다. 두께 0.7mm의 염소가죽을 유전체 기판으로 사용하고, 두께 0.08mm의 구리 폴리에스터 천을 방사체 및 접지판으로 사용하여 안테나를 제작하였다. 원형 편파 특성을 얻기 위해 정사각형의 패치에 대각선 방향에 놓인 모서리를 짤라서 방사체를 만들었고, 도전성 천과 가죽을 에폭시를 사용하여 접착하였다. 먼저 염소가죽의 유전율을 구하기 위해 크기가 다른 3개의 정사각형 패치 안테나를 만들고, 실험 및 시뮬레이션을 통해 염소가죽의 유전상수를 구하였다. 이것을 바탕으로 GPS 대역에서 동작하는 안테나를 설계하고, 제작하여 실험을 통해 안테나의 성능을 검증하였다. 옷의 어깨 부분에 설치하여, 사람이 입고 측정하여 특성의 변화를 실험하였고, 상용 세라믹 GPS 안테나와 수신 감도 특성을 비교하여 제작된 안테나가 비슷한 수준의 감도를 갖고 있음을 확인하였다.