• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.308-317
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the level and related factors related to health-promoting lifestyle in operating room nurses in Korea. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was employed. The data were collected using questionnaire for three weeks in December 2018 from 110 operating room nurses working for more than six months in a general hospital located in Seoul. The Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II, The Korean Version of the Practice Environment Scale of Nursing Work Index, and Operating nurse's Job stress Factor Scale were used. Results: Significant relationships were observed between health promoting lifestyle and educational level(p= .025), perceived economic status (p= .001) wearing a lead apron for protection from radiation during the operation(p< .001), work satisfaction(p= .016), and fatigue related to work(p= .006). Also significant correlations were identified between nursing work environment and health promoting lifestyle. However, the health promoting lifestyle was not statistically different based on occupational stress(p= .365). In multiple linear regression analyses, the level of health promoting lifestyle found to be higher in subjects who did not wear a lead apron for protection from radiation(p= .017), and who had more positive perception of the nursing work environment(p= .034). Conclusion: In order to increase health promoting lifestyle of operating nurses, the strategies to improve the nursing work environment are essential.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.176-183
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• 2005

Laser heat treatment technology is used for improving the feature of fatigue resistance and wear resistance in mobile parts. The purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of laser heat treatment and high frequency heat treatment, which is commonly used in industrial place. For the preemptive experiment, the distribution, depth and size of hardening and its micro-structural features were compared between surface heat treatment case by defocusing and variables of each process for heat treatment by exclusively manufactured heat treatment optical system. As a result, high frequency heat treatment has wide distribution of hardening depth and width about 3 times larger than laser heat treatment, however, its average hardness showed 621.4Hv which is smaller than the average hardness of laser heat treatment with 691Hv.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.349-360
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• 2019

This study analyzes the trends of recommendation services for customized fashion styles in relation to artificial intelligence. To achieve this goal, the study examined filtering technologies of collaborative, content based, and deep-learning as well as analyzed the characteristics of recommendation services in the users' purchasing process. The results of this study showed that the most universal recommendation technology is collaborative filtering. Collaborative filtering was shown to allow intuitive searching of similar fashion styles in the cognition of need stage, and appeared to be useful in comparing prices but not suitable for innovative customers who pursue early trends. Second, content based filtering was shown to utilize body shape as a key personal profile item in order to reduce the possibility of failure when selecting sizes online, which has limits to being able to wear the product beforehand. Third, fashion style recommendations applied with deep-learning intervene with all user processes of buying products online that was also confirmed to penetrate into the creative area of image tag services, virtual reality services, clothes wearing fit evaluation services, and individually customized design services.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1111-1117
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• 1996

Structural deterioration of the bioprosthetic xenograft valves due to primary tissue failure occurs in two modes: from fatigue lesions with tear and wear with or without calcification and from calcification with obstruction. Two groups of consecutive 56 patients with the Hancock porcine ortic valve(HM) and of 1 13 patients with the standard-profile onescu-Shiley bovine pericardial valve(ISM) explanted from mitral position at the time of re-replacement surgery for primary tissue failure at Seoul national University Hospital until 1994, were studied for clinical and pathological features. Their ages at primary implant were 31.9 $\pm$9.2 years In HM and 30.4$\pm$ 12.5 years in ISM. Hemodrnamic dysfunction of the failed mitral bloprostheses were predominantly insufficiency in HM(64.3%) and stenosis in ISM(51.3%)(p<0.001). Pathologic findings of the explanted mitral valves reflected these hemodynamic changes, revealing failure more often from tissue damage(tears and wears) in HM and more often from calcification in ISM(p< 0.001). Explant period(from primary implant to explant) was relatively short in ISM(8.7$\pm$2.6years), compared with the one in HM(10.4 $\pm$2.6 years)(p<0.001). In conclusion, both the Hancock and the lonescu-shiley valves would fail from calcification as well as issue damage. However, while the Hancock porcine valves in mitral position failed more frequently from tissue failure and insufficiency, the standard-profile lonescu-Shiley pericardial valves did from calcification and stenosis, especially in young pAtients . Although the possibility of less occurrence of valve failure from mechanical reasons may be expected with newer generation bloprostheses, it does not seem to Improve durability significantly unless further refinement in antimineralization is achieved. Therefore, clinical use of the glutaraldehyde-treated bioprosthetic valves is, at present, limited to the patients of advanced age groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.184-190
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• 2008

Various ECT techniques have been applied basically to assess the integrity of steam generator tithing in nuclear power plant. Among these techniques, the bobbin probe technique is applied generally to examine the volumetric flaws such as a crack-like defect and wear which is generally occurred on steam generator tubing, and additionally MRPC probe is used to examine closely tile top of tubesheet and bending regions due to the high possibility of cracking. Dent and bulge also may be formed on tube during installation process and operation of steam generator, but the dent and bulge indications greater than specific size criteria are recorded on examination report because these indications are not considered as flaw. These indications can be easily detected with bobbin probe and approximately sized with profile bobbin probe, but the size and shape can not be accurately verified. Accordingly, in this study, the $8{\times}1$ multi-array EC probe was designed to increase the measurement accuracy of the sectional profiling EC testing of tube. As a result, we would like to propose the application of $8{\times}1$ multi-array EC probe for the measurement of size and shape of profile change on steam generator tube in OPR-1000 nuclear power plant.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to develop the wireless pH telemetry lasting longer than 24 hours in the mouth to overcome the limits of conventional wire telemetry previously used for salivary and plaque pH measurement, and to assess its effectiveness. We developed a wireless pH telemeter which can measure and store the pH profile data during more than 24 hours. It was composed of intraoral part; pH sensor of antimony electrode, battery and microprocessor for data storage, and extraoral part; control/data receiver and data analyzing software which was newly made for this device. After inspecting wireless electrode for accurate measurement, it was attached to the removable intraoral appliance and delivered to the volunteer who was told to wear except brushing time, retrieved after 24 hours and finally the pH profile data was extracted and analyzed. When compared with conventional wire telemetry, this device showed similar results and induced less discomfort to examinees. The data showed pH changes at same time when examinees ate various scheduled foods and beverages. With this method it became possible to accurately measure pH changes within mouth for long time in accordance with individual's lifestyle, definitely reducing the discomfort inflicted to the examinees' life.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 1980

Quantitative assessment of edge blunting of saw-teeth was carried out by TALYSURF. 1. Using the following equation, the real shape of a saw-tooth can be traced on the graph of TALYSURF. ${\frac{{\Delta}h}{h}}={\frac{V{\Delta}_x}{V_x}}$ {${\Delta}h$: vertical distance of stylus h: vertical distance in chart $V{\Delta}_x$: Velocity of stylus $V_x$: velocity of chart} 2. As shown on Fig 2, the error from stylus itself can be calculated by following equation. i) 13.8${\mu}{\leqq}$x<20.4${\mu}$ y=-0.2246x+4.59${\mu}$ ii) 0${\leqq}$x<13.8${\mu}$ y=${\sqrt{(-18{\mu})^2-x^2}}-1.42x+32.7{\mu}}$ 3. The relationship between profile of saw-tooth and error from stylus itself can be calculated by following equation. $E(%)=\frac{f(r){\times}{\frac{4}{18{\mu}}}}{f(R){\times}{\frac{R}{18.5{\mu}}}-f(r){\times}{\frac{r}{18{\mu}}}}{\times}100$ {E(%)${\frac{error\;of\;stylus}{dullness\;of\;saw\;tooth}}{\times}100$ r: radius of stylus tip R: radius of tip which is drawn in graph of talysurf f(r) : error of stylus f(R) : dullness of tip which is drawn in graph of talysurf} 4. The graph of maximum error and profile of saw-tooth was parabola.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.58-58
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• 2009

Uniformity related issues in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) are within wafer non-uniformity (WIWNU), wafer to wafer non-uniformity (WTWNU), planarity and dishing/erosion. Here, the WIWNU that originates from spatial distribution of independent variables such as temperature, sliding distance, down force and material removal rate (MRR) during CMP, relies to spatial dependency. Among various sources of spatial irregularity, hardness and modulus of pad and surface roughness in sources for pad uniformity are great, especially. So, we investigated the spatial variation of pad surface characteristics using pad measuring system (PMS) and roughness measuring system. Reduced peak height ($R_{pk}$) of roughness parameter shows a strong correlation with the removal rate, and the distribution of relative sliding distance onwafer during polishing has an effect on the variation of $R_{pk}$ and WIWNU. Also, the results of pad wear profile thorough developed pad profiler well coincides with the kinematical simulation of conditioning, and it can contribute for the enhancement of WIWNU in CMP process.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.753-760
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• 2007

For protection of the cylinder wall of the ball mill for grinding raw ore. the inner side of the cylinder is covered with rubber liner. The rubber is easily worn down because the rubber relatively soft compared with raw ore. So the rubber liner in the ball mill cylinder must be replaced almost every year and the cost for replacing rubber liner formidable. In this paper, for reducing or excluding the cost of replacing rubber liner the basalt liner is designed. The basalt materials are generally harder than raw ore and the basalt liner in the ball mill does not wear down and so it can be used almost permanently. The concave surfaces are made on the liner of the ball mill and the liner in the cylinder wall plays also the role of raising the steel balls mixed in the raw ore. The section profiles of the concave surface have an important effect on the performance of the ball mill. The deep concave grooves raise the steel balls to high levels and give the large potential energy to the steel balls impacting to the raw ore. But if the concave grooves are too deep. the steel balls raised too high by the concave grooves fly along the parabolic path and reach to the other side of cylinder wall and so the steel balls do not play the roles of grinding the raw ore. The forces acting to a steel ball in a concave groove of the cylinder liner are also analyzed in this paper. The formulas calculating the height and the impact point of the steel ball are introduced and presented. Based to these formulas, the optimum section profiles of the basalt liner are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2009

Die steel for plastic molding were used as mold material of automobile parts and electronic component industry. The material of this paper has superior to mechanical properties, such as repair weldability, corrosion resistance and high temperature strength, required mold parts for semitransparent. Laser-induced surface hardening technology is widely adopted to improver fatigue life and wear resistance via localized hardening at the surface of mold parts. The objective of this research work is to investigate on the characteristics of surface hardening of the laser process parameters, such as beam travel speed, laser power and defocsued spot position, for the case of die steel for plastic molding. Lens for surface hardening of large area is plano-convex type with elliptical profile to maintain uniform laser irradiation. According to the experimental results, large size of hardened layer at the surface of die steel for plastic molding was achieved, and microstructure of this layer was lath martensite. Optimal surface status and mechanical property of hardened layer could be obtained at 1095Watt, $0.25{\sim}0.3m/min$, 0mm (focal length: 232mm) for laser power, beam travel speed, and focal position. Where, heat input was $0.793{\times}10^{3}J/cm^2$, and width of hardened layer was 27.58mm.