• KSTLE International Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

Wear model for predicting the vehaviour of a depth is considered in this paper. It is deduced from the energy and volume based wear models such as the Archard equation and the workrate model. A new parameter of the equivalent depth ($D_e$= wear volume /worn area) is considered for the wear model of a depth prediction. A concenpt of a dissipated shear energy density is accommodated for in the suggested models. It is found that $D_e$ can distinguish the worn area shape. A cubic of $D_e$($D_e^3$) gives a better linear regression with the volume than that of the maximmum depth $D_{max}e$($D_{max}^3$) does. Both $D_{max}$ and $D_e$ are used for the presently suggested depth-based wear model. As a result, a wear depth profile can be simulated by a model using $D_{max}$. Wear resistance from the concern of an overall depth can be identified by the wear coefficient of the model using $D_e$.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.178-188
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• 2003

The wear of steam generator tubes is due to the vibration occurred between tubes and tube supporters. To predict the future wear depth, the wear constants of the impact and the sliding model is used. The wear constants, 3C/2 and K/3H, are found inversely from known wear depth and time. Using these constants, the future wear depths are found from two bodies that deform the elliptical shape. The results are compared with the measured wear depth of steam generator tubes in a nuclear power plant. The results show that the predicted wear depth envelopes the measured wear depth.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2006

Sliding wear tests have been performed to evaluate the effect of normal load decrease on the wear depth of nuclear fuel rods in room temperature air. The objectives of this study are to quantitatively evaluate the supporting ability of spacer grid springs, to estimate the wear depth by using the contacting force decrease and to compare the wear behavior with increasing test cycles (up to $10^7$) at each spring condition. The result showed that the contacting load decrease depends on the spring shape and the applied slip amplitude. The estimated wear depth is smaller when compared with measured wear depth. Based on the test results, the wear mechanism, the role of wear debris layer and the spring shape effect were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.475-478
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• 2005

Calculation of wear depth with regard to the wear topology is peformed numerically Four typical wear topology, that is round, crescent, flat, and diamond types are adopted to represent the configuration of wear volume. Diamond and flat types are the most severe topology for wear depth history, whereas round and crescent types have small increasing rate of wear depth to the wear volume. Based on this study we can guess that the most severe wear phenomena happens to be upper side of U-tubes in the KSNP SG, because flat or diamond wear will be generated by the wearing motion between tubes and diagonal, vertical, horizontal strips. The misalignment of tube at the stage of manufacturing or distortion of upper structure due to the thermal expansion or vibration of upper structure such as diagonal, vertical, and horizontal strips will be one of the main causes of flat or diamond wear.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.302-307
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• 2004

The major flow-induced vibration mechanisms such as fluid-elastic and turbulence excitation can cause the various types of wear of the steam generator tubes in unclear power plant. It is generally accepted that the tube wear due to vibration is affected by the presence of gap clearance between tube and support plate. Connors showed that the tube wear depth could be estimated by using the relationship between wear volume and sliding distance for contact time. Au-Yang predicted the wear depth by using the nonlinear characteristics of normal work rate to contact time. In this study the effect of gap size on the steam generator tubes wear is analyzed by deriving the wear depth versus normal work rate relationship from these previous results.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.42-52
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• 1997

This paper deals with wear characteristics of ion-nitrided metal theoretically and experimentally in order to analysis of wear phenomena. Wear tests show that compound layer of ion-nitrided metal reduces wear rate when the applied wear load is mall. However, as th load becomes large, the existence of compound layer tends to increase wear rate. The residual stress at the surface of ion-nitrided metal is measured, and the internal stress distribution is calculated when the normal and tangential forces are applied to the surface of metal. Compressive residual stress is largeest at the compound layer, and decreases as the depth from the surface increases. Calculation shows that the maximum stress exists at a certain depth from the surface when normal and tangential force are applied, and that the larger the wear load is the deeper the location of maximum stress becomes. In the analysis, it is found that under small applied wear load the critical depth, where voids and cracks may be created and propagated, is located at the compound layer, as the adhesive wear, where hardness is an important factor, is created the existence of compound layer reduces the amount of wear. When the load becomes large the critical depth is located below the compound layer, and delamination, which may be explained by surface deformation, crack nucleation and propagation, is created, and the existence of compound layer increases wear rate.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2009

Slurry wear with sand particles in rivers is a serious problem for pump operation. Therefore, a technique to predict wear volume loss is required for selecting wear resistant materials and determining specifications for the maintenance period. This paper reports a method for predicting the wear depth distribution on the blade of an impeller. Slurry wear tests of an aluminum pump impeller were conducted. Prediction results of wear depth distribution approximately correspond with the results of slurry wear tests. This technique is useful for industrial application.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.63-70
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• 1999

Surface hardening of plain carbon steel (SM45C) by Laser are usually much finer and stronger than those of the base metals. The present study was under taken to investigate the wear resistance and a processing parameters such as, power density, pulse width, defocusing distance, and molten depth for surface modification of plain carbon steel. The wear test was carried out under experimental condition using the wear test device, and in which the annular surfaces of wear test specimens as well as mating specimen of alumina ceramics($Al_2O_3$) was rubbed in dry sliding condition. It is shown that molten depth and width depend on defocusing distance. The wear loss on variation of sliding speed was much in lower speed range below 0.2m/sec and in higher speed range above 0.7m/sec, but wear loss was little in intermediate speed range. It depends on oxidation speed and wear speed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.182-188
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• 1994

This expermintal study is intended to investigate he development of flank wear in turning os SUS304 which is used in industrial applications and is acknowledged as a machining difficult material. In cutting process, change of velocity, change of feed, and change of depth of cut were investigated about the effect of flank wear, and slenderness ratio is also investigated. The variations of unit cutting force with the change of rake angle and the change of uncut chip area are observed. The friction angles are calculated for the change friction force and observed. The friction angles are calculated for the change friction force and normal forcd on the different rake angles. From this experimental study, the following results can be said. 1. Under the high cutting speed condition, the flaank wear is affected by the feed and depth of cut, but the influence of feed and depth of cut to the flank wear is reduced when the velocity is low. 2. The smaller slenderness ratio is, the shorter the tool life results in high cutting speed, and the lower cutting speed is, the lower the effect of slenderness ratio to the flank wear is. 3. Using the characteristics of force-RMS, the flank wear of a tool can be detected. There are almost no differences between the RMS characteristics of cutting force and feed force.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 1993

SUS304 is wellknown as difficult-to-machine materials. It is easy to appear workhardened, and workhardening is one of the causes of groove wear on the tool. In this paper, the author would like to compare the width of flank wear with that of groove wear, and to find whether the groove wear can be used as a criterion of a tool life. The design of the twelve tests provides three levels for each variable (speed: 200m/min, 118m/min, 70m/min; feed: 0.3mm/rev, 0.17mm/rev, 0.1mm/rev; depth of cut: 0.4mm, 0.28mm, 0.2mm). The study of tool-life testing by statistical technique follows usual most scientific sequence. So the tool-life predicting equation is calculated by the method of least squares. The overall adequacy of the model can be verified by the analysis of variance. The results obtained are as follows : 1) When SUS304 is cut in 200(m/min), the width of flank wear is much larger than that of groove wear. 2) In cutting speed 118m/min, flank wear is a little larger than groove wear and in the cutting speed 70m/min, the latter is a little larger so that it is reasonable to determine the tool life according the crierion by groove wear in the low cutting speed (less than 70m/min). 3) Owing to the burr the depth of engagement along the cutting edge is extended toward the shank.