• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2007

It necessarily follows that wear particles are generated through a friction and wear in a mechanical moving system. The wear particles are relative to the failure and the life of machine elements directly. To analyze the wear particle, its shape characteristics were calculated quantitative values such as diameter, roundness and fractal parameters by digital image processing. In this study, the histograms of shape parameters of wear particles were used for the purpose of analyzing the distribution of wear particles in various conditions. We consider that the histogram of shape parameter can be effectively represented to study a wear mechanism.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.145-151
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• 2004

A modified surface layer by ion implantation is very thin (under 1 $\mu\textrm{m}$) but has superior mechanical characteristics. therefore ion implantation has been used successfully as a surface treatment technology to improve the wear, fatigue, and corrosion resistances of materials. MEVVA which is a kind of ion beam apparatus has merits of low cost and is usable to various metals, but occurs a droplet ranging from micron to tens of micron on the implanted surface at ion implantations. wear is a dynamic phenomenon on interacting surfaces with rotative motion. Since wear changes in condition of the surface, we should control to surface. In order to improve a wear resistance of Ti ion implanted 1C-3Cr steel(material for roller in the cold working process), it is essential to investigate the effect of the droplets on the wear characteristics. In this study, we investigate the effect of the droplets on the wear characteristics of 1C-3Cr steel using SEM Tribosystem as in-situ system. Results show that the droplet occurred at ion implantation becomes the cause of severe wear. Therefore, the ion-implanted surface should be removed the droplet to improve wear resistance.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

In order to determine the wear Properties of PECVD ceramic coatings, wear process was evaluated using the coated pin of Falex Tribosystem. Coating materials deposited wear the TiC, TiN and Ti(CN). An experimental process was established to determine the tribological characteristics of friction and wear behavior under the variation of applied load, temperature and sliding distance by the Falex test machine. The experimental results indicate that TiN coating compared with TiC coating on e materials have e excellent friction and wear characteristics. However TiC coating compared i친 TiN coatings have a low friction coefficient with steel and good thermal stability, and Ti(CN) has the excellent anti-wear properly as well as the superiority of extreme pressure property. Compound coating compared wi simple coatings show improved tribological characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2008

The abnormal wears such as unfair-wear and early-wear happen in the earn shaft surface of automobiles. These abnormal wears make efficiency of engines decrease and threaten safety of automobiles. The wear characteristics of the cam shaft is very important for the automobile safety. The cam shaft is surface-hardened by the high frequency induction. In this study, we investigated the wear characteristics of the hardened surface with a SM53C steel. The wear characteristics is examined according to the hardened depth and the amount of load.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.136-142
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• 2003

The morphological analysis of wear debris can provide early a failure diagnosis in lubricated moving system. It can be effective to analyze operating conditions of oil-lubricated tribological system with shape characteristics of wear debris in a lubricant. But, in order to predict and recognize an operating condition of lubricated machine, it is needed to analyze and to identify shape characteristics of wear debris. Therefore, If the morphological characteristics of wear debris are recognized by computer image analysis using the neural network algorithm, it is possible to recognize operating condition of hydraulic driving members. In this study, wear debris in the lubricating oil are extracted by membrane filter (0.45 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$), and the quantitative values of shape parameters of wear debris are calculated by the digital image processing. This shape parameters are studied and identified by the artificial neural network algorithm. The result of study could be applied to prediction and to recognition of the operating condition of hydraulic driving members in lubricated machine systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.256-262
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• 1998

Many lubricated systems experience boundary, lubrication condition during operation. However, the friction and wear characteristics of boundary lubrication are not clearly understood. In this work the factors which affect the friction and wear between boundary lubricated metallic surfaces are investigated. Experiments were performed on atuminium, copper, and SM45C with bearing ball using a pin-on disk type tester. The experimental conditions were determined by Taguchi experimental method. From the experimental results, the major factors that influence the friction and wear characteristics of boundary lubrication could be identified.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.109-114
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• 2008

The fractal dimension aims to quantitatively define the irregular characteristics of the shape in nature. It can be useful in describing morphological characteristics of various wear particles. This paper was undertaken to diagnose failure condition for sliding members in lubrication using fractal dimension. The experiments were undertaken to analyze the shape of wear particles and to diagnose failure condition for sliding members in lubrication using the image processing and the fractal parameters. It was possible to diagnose wear mechanism, friction, and damage state of machines through analysis of shape characteristics for wear particle in driven condition using fractal parameters.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.577-587
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• 2016

This study aims to identify the design of men's wear that has the characteristics of expressing maximalism in men's wear collection and contribute to the field of men's wear fashion which expects new, original, and experimental fashion styles to be created. When it comes to research contents, this study first identifies the concept and characteristics of expression of maximalism in such fields as literature and art and based on this, makes a case study of men's wear fashion designs shown in men's wear collection and then understands the type of characteristics of expressing maximalism and the characteristics related to its expressive method in men's wear design. The study findings are as follows: First, expansion referred to the extreme avant-garde that changed the concept of fashion design by expanding clothes or accessories or exaggerating silhouettes. Second, fanciness continued to appear as a tool to use the luxurious decorations that applied fancy handicraft techniques and express the world of original design. Third, fusion represented the expression of various charms from one work without making any classifications between the tradition and the present and between the east and the west. Fourth, fantasy indicated the expression of surrealistic images by expressing the unbounded imagination through creative ideas.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.375-378
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• 2007

Abrasive wear between piston ring face and cylinder liner is an extremely unpredictable and hard-to-reproduce phenomenon that significantly decreases engine performance. Wear by abrasion are forms of wear caused by contact between a particle and solid material. Abrasive wear is the loss of material by the passage of hard particles over a surface. From the pin-on-disk test, particle dent test and scuffing test, abrasive wear characteristics of diesel engine cylinder liner-piston ring have been investigated. Pin-on-disk test results indicate that abrasive wear resistance is not simply related to the hardness of materials, but is influenced also by the microstructure, temperature, lubricity and micro- fracture properties. In particle dent test, dent resistance stress decreases with increasing temperature. From the scuffing test by using pin-on-disk tester, scuffing mechanisms for the soft coating and hard coating were proposed and experimentally confirmed.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.250-255
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• 2009

Oxidation characteristics of Zirlo and Zircaloy-4 tubes, which are widely used as nuclear power fuel cladding, are studied in steam environment up to $1200^{\circ}C$. Oxidation resistances are compared in terms of the mass increase due to the absorption of oxygen. The evolution of microscopic structure accompanied with the oxidation process is investigated. Also, the influence of oxidation on the fretting wear characteristics of the tubes is studied. Piezo-electrically actuated rig is employed to fret the tubes with cross-contacting arrangement. Wear scar is observed and measured, by using microscopes and a 3D-profiler. The results of fretting wear are quantified in terms of scar size, wear volume and wear coefficient, and compared for the three different tube materials of oxidated Zirlo, virgin Zirlo and Zircaloy-4.