• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.184-184
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• 2023

Globally, agriculture is one of the largest consumers and polluters of water resources, contributing to the unsustainable use of limited water resources. To reduce the resource use and environmental footprints associated with current and future food systems, researchers and policy makers have recommended the transition to sustainable and healthier diets and the reduction of food loss and waste along the food supply chain. However, there is limited information on the synergistic effects and trade-offs of adopting the two measures. In this study, we assessed the water-saving potential of the two measures in South Korea using environmentally extended input-output relying on the EXIOBASE database for the reference year 2020, along with scenario analysis to model the potential outcomes. Specifically, we analyzed scenarios where meat consumption was reduced by 30% and 50% and in combination with a 50% reduction in food waste at the consumption stage for each scenario. According to our findings, by considering individual measures of dietary change and food waste reduction, shifting to a diet with 30% and 50% less meat consumption could lead to reduction in water footprint by 6.9% and 7.5%, respectively, while 50% reduction in food waste at the consumption stage could save about 14% of water footprint. However, the synergistic effects of the two measures such as 30% less meat consumption and 50% food waste reduction, and 50% less meat consumption and 50% food waste reduction result to 20% and 24% reductions in water footprint, respectively. Moreover, our findings also showed that increasing food consumption with high environmental impacts could promote resources use inefficiency when waste occurs. Thus, policy strategies that address synergistic effects of both dietary change and food waste reduction should be strengthened to achieve sustainable food system. International and national policies can increase resource efficiency by utilizing all available reduction potentials while considering strategies interactions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.49-59
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• 2022

Recently, Korea aimed to increase water use efficiency by implementing integrated management according to the water management unification policy. Considering the enormous use of water resources in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to efficiently conserve water in terms of demand management by intensifying the stakeholders' involvement and awareness campaigns. The existing agricultural water management system in Korea is based on a top-down approach by which the government agencies directly plan budgets and policies to be enforced on and implemented by farmers, with little to no involvement of farmers in the decision-making process. However, this process has hindered the desired water resources management and the water conservation goal at the field level. Moreover, the limited research on water governance operations focusing on agricultural water creates a knowledge gap, particularly in Korea. Thus, it is necessary to investigate water governance cases with successful implementations in agricultural and rural areas to identify the factors applicable to domestic governance in Korea. In addition, a more systematic governance model should be established by identifying the subjectivity of the stakeholders' involvement in agricultural water governance. Therefore, this study proposed a new bottom-up model for agricultural water governance, which aims to raise the problem of autonomous water governance while promoting stakeholders' voluntary participation in agricultural water management and reflecting farmers' involvement in the decision-making process. Moreover, if agricultural water governance is expanded nationwide by reflecting agricultural and water resource policies in the future, it is believed that positive effects can be achieved in increasing utilization efficiency and securing sustantiality through agricultural water saving.

• Solar Energy
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.71-80
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• 1998

In thermal energy storage system, energy collected from many types of heat source is stored in a storage tank and then supply to load for demand. Lately, practical use of thermal energy storage system and attention to essential use of energy have been increased. From this point of view, especially, a study about the energy extraction process from a storage tank is necessary. So in this study, useful rate of hot water and hot water extraction efficiency was analysed respect to dynamic and geometric parameters dominating the hot water extraction process.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.362-365
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• 2011

단위면적당 증발산량 중 일부가 식생의 물질 생산에 이용될 수 있는지를 나타내는 지표인 수분 이용효율 (Water Use Efficiency, WUE)은 총 일차생산성(Gross Primary Productivity, GPP)과 단위면적당 증발산량(Evapotranspiration, ET)의 비로 산출된다. 이전 연구들에서의 수분 이용효율의 적용은 수분 스트레스에 대한 작물의 생산성 차이 분석과 같은 작물학과 농림학 분야의 연구들이 대부분이었지만. 기후 변화가 생태계 생산성 또는 에너지 수지에 영향을 미치는 등의 전 지구적 규모의 수문학적 연구에도 적용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 영상자료에서 1km 해상도로 8일 단위의 총 일차생산성과 증발산량을 산정함으로써 수분 이용효율을 구하였다. 향후에는 산정된 이 지표를 남한지역에 적용하여 수분 이용효율에 대한 지도를 작성하고, 실측된 총 일차생산량과 증발산 값을 이용하여 검증한 후 알고리즘을 개선해 나갈 계획이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.140-140
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• 2016

수분 이용효율(Water Use Efficiency, WUE)은 식생이 흡수한 수분 중 증발산에 이용한 비율로, 육상생태계의 수문학적 순환 및 탄소 순환의 기능을 측정할 수 있는 중요한 지표이다. 또한 이는 특정 지역의 기후 조건이나 토지 피복과 같은 다양한 요인에 따라 변할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 한반도에서 2010년부터 2014년까지의 기후 요인(강수, 기온)과 토지 피복에 따른 WUE의 변화를 살펴본다. MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 기반 총일차생산성(Gross Primary Productivity, GPP), 증발산량(Evapotranspiration, ET), 잎면적지수(Leaf Area Index, LAI)와 Willmot의 기상자료 등 대상지역에 대한 격자 자료를 사용한다. 구체적으로 숲, 초원, 농지와 같이 다양한 토지 피복 조건에 대한 월간 및 연간 WUE(=GPP/ET)를 산정하고, 이의 LAI나 기후 조건(강수, 기온)과의 관계를 분석하고자 상관성 및 요인 분석을 진행한다. 기후 조건 및 토지 피복 조건을 고려한 15년간 한반도에서의 WUE의 변화에 대한 분석은 앞으로의 수자원 관리 및 산림 정책에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.302-304
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• 2019

탄소 순환과 수문 순환의 관계를 이해하기 위해서는 효율적인 물 사용과 실제 물 사용 간의 비율로 정의되는 용수효율(Water Use Efficiency; WUE)을 정량화 하는 것이 필요하다. 특히 용수효율을 평가하기 위해서는 탄소 순환의 주요 인자인 총 1차 생산량(Gross Primary Productivity; GPP)과 순 1차 생산량(Net Primary Productivity; NPP)을 산정하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 전 세계적으로 가장 많이 활용되고 있는 지면 모형 중 하나인 Community Land Model(CLM)을 활용하여 동아시아 지역에서의 GPP와 NPP를 산정하였다. 모형을 통해서 산정된 광역의 GPP와 NPP는 Flux tower에서 관측된 지점 자료를 활용하여 검증할 예정이다. 또한 지면 모형에서 획득한 동아시아 지역의 GPP와 NPP에 대한 공간 분포를 분석하여 탄소 순환 인자들에 대한 시공간적인 변화에 대하여 확인하고자 한다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

In agricultural households cultivating vegetables and fruits, the use of various pesticides to protect crops from diseases and pests or to control weeds is widely practiced enhancing quality and productivity. However, pesticides can pose a threat to consumer health by remaining on the food surface or migrating into the food interior. Households commonly peel off skins, wash with water, or use chemical methods to remove foreign substances including residual pesticides on the food surface. In this study, we measured the washing rate by comparing the pesticide concentrations before and after washing in the leafy vegetable perilla leaves and the fruits strawberries and apples, which were intentionally exposed to pesticides. We compared washing rates using tap water, a baking soda solution, and a commercially available food-specific cleaning solution. The target pesticides for analysis were azoxystrobin, bifenthrin, boscalid, difenoconazole, flubendiamide, and indoxacarb, and the residual pesticide analysis was performed using GC-MS/MS or LC-MS/MS. The removal rates of pesticides were highest with the food-specific cleaner, followed by baking soda and tap water in order.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.772-777
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• 2012

In order to examine the tailorability of advanced sewage treatment of a separated sewer pipe, we observed the quality of leaked water in a reactor. A2C affiliation and MBR affiliation decreased by over 78% in cases of BOD, COD, and SS. SBR affiliation decreased by 79.1% in a case of T-N. Overall, the efficiency of T-N on the above affiliations was low. SS had the high efficiency in MBR affiliation. In the end, examination of water quality improvement showed that the quality was improved from 20% to 90%; hence, it is expected that this treatment can protect the water resources of the Hongcheon River and makes it easier to use the water of the river.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.53-59
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• 2012

This this study was conducted with the aim of doing experiment on the effect of water purification by using an artificially built plant island, which is one of the eco-techniques, and aquatic plants as a plan for the reuse of water for obtaining water resources, thereby analyzing the removed quantity, and applying the experimental results to the reuse of water. As a result of doing experiments, this study obtained a good measured value of BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) 4.7mg/L, and COD (chemical oxygen demand) 7.2mg/L below the heavy water standard of BOD 10mg/L and COD 20mg/L, respectively. The chromaticity showed 89.2% removal efficiency, but final treated wastewater was found to show chromaticity 58 degrees exceeding chromaticity 20 degrees which are the water quality standard of the reuse of water. The results revealed that T-N produced 27% removal efficiency on an average while T-P produced 38% removal efficiency on an average, showing that the removal effect of N & P wasn't big. According to the currently enforced "Water Quality Standard of Heavy Water by Use", the use of water for sprinkling and landscaping was found to be available. Accordingly, this study suggested a nature-friendly, economically-efficient, and eco-technological water treatment technique which will make it possible to overcome the limit of the existing physio-chemical water treatment technology, reduce the costs for maintenance and facilities, and also reduce the limit of space restraint for installation of facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.86-99
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• 2016

This study was for analyzing the external environment and internal space structure and improving the way of use efficiency in waterfront through the Dragon boat festival to utilize waterfront actively. Through from the four target area, Hongkong, Busan, Incheon and Daejeon, this study was for an importance and satisfaction analysis for users about the element effect on the waterfront use efficiency and the contribution to cultural contents revitalization of waterfront by giving basic data. The result is as follows. First, in the importance analysis about 12 items, modern cultural infra around the waterfront was ranked highest, 8.26 and waterfront landscape, square & openspaces, convenience facilities, transport, green area, quality of viewing space, historic resources, pedestrian, suitability of width, wave, depth, water quality, berth & mooring were ranked in descending order. Second, waterfront landscape was interpreted by rather the external environmental impact according to city size than the matter of spatial structure in target area and judged as an important factor effect on site selection for waterfront. In the analysis of waterfront landscape, the reason of the high satisfaction about domestic target area was that riverside parks were recently made considering their waterfront activities. Viewing space was major infra where people could experience the pleasant waterfront and watch dynamic water leisure sports like Dragon boat three dimensionally and was thought to be improved for the use efficiency. Third, tourism resources were very important element that affect the use efficiency of waterfront, so waterfront users react sensitively to modern tourism resources rather than to historic resources. This meant that tourism infrastructure for shopping and leisure of the young affected the use efficiency of waterfront, so Hongkong and Busan were in a better position in terms of using waterfront that was near the tourism infrastructure. Fourth, in the analysis of traffic accessibility, both Hongkong and Busan were high evaluated in terms of excellent traffic accessibility by subway. Daejeon was low rated in terms of the satisfaction of use efficiency, because of the relative lower place awareness compared with transportation infrastructure. In Hongkong, waterfront was connected with downtown and in Busan, housing complex and shopping centers were located in the place for users in an easily accessible on foot, so the satisfaction was high-pitched. Finally, in the importance of water surface width and the analysis of satisfaction, except Incheon, all the three were over 200m in width of water surface and this meant the surface width above certain level was interpreted to interrupt the concentration of enjoying the water leisure sports. In the analysis of surface condition such as water quality, water depth and wave, through a survey, Busan had a problem with water quality and Gapcheon in Daejeon had a problem with optimal water depth by the festival participants.