• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.1876-1878
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• 1999

Developed was a 5kW-class polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) system comprised of fuel cell stack, fuel processing, thermal and water management subsystems and ancillary equipments. Several large single cells have been fabricated with different gas flow field patterns and paths, and the gas flow field pattern for the stack has been determined based on the single cell performance of thin film membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The PEMFC stack was consisted of 100 cells with an electrode area of $300cm^2$, having serpentine flow pattern. Fuel processing was developed including an autothermal methanol reformer and two preferential CO oxidation reactors. The fuel processing was combined to PEMFC operation system consisted of air compressor and thermal and water management subsystems. The PEMFC stack showed performance of 5kW under the supply of $H_2$ and air, but its performance was lowered to 3.5kW under the supply of reformed gas.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2022

To investigate the influence of manufacturing environment on bonding performance of mixed cross laminated wood (CLT) using polyurethane (PUR) adhesive, a boiling water soak delamination test according to the temperature and relative humidity was conducted. The 5-ply mixed CLT consisted of Japanese Larch for external and middle layer and yellow poplar for internal layer. The PUR adhesives with different opening times of 10 and 30 minutes were used. The mixed CLT was manufactured according to pressing times of PUR and manufacturing environments of summer and winter. In case of summer environment, the delamination rate of the mixed CLT with pressing time of 4 hours using a PUR adhesive with open time of 10 minutes met the requirements of KS F 2081. In case of winter environment, the delamination rate of the mixed CLT didn't meet the requirements of KS standard. However, it was possible to confirm the effect of improving the adhesive performance by adjusting the pressing time according to the open time of the adhesive under the manufacturing conditions. The delamination rate of CLT with open time 30 minutes PUR, manufactured by indirect moisture supply methods was 11.2% better than direct moisture supply methods. As a result of delamination test in the same condition of relative humidity and adhesive, it was found that the temperature of manufacturing environment influences the adhesive performance.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2014

It is important to control the amount of supply water flow rate at all kinds of HVAC systems in order to maintain IAQ and energy efficiency. The most of buildings installed geothermal heat pumps is using fixed water flow rate in spite of the excellent performance of geothermal heat pumps. Especially when the air-conditioning load is low, the flow rate control may be possible to save energy to operate. However, it is effective to apply the variable flow control system in order to reduce energy consumption. Therefore, the purpose of this study, change a water flow rate and improve the whole performance of the geothermal heat pump. Geothermal heat pump system is modeled after the selection of the applied building, by setting the flow rate control to be analyzed through a simulation of performance evaluation. Building energy saving according to the flow rate of the ground circulating water analyze quantitatively and to investigate the importance of the flow control.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.205-215
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• 2022

대기온실가스 증가로 인해 전지구 평균기온은 이미 1.0℃ 이상 상승했고 폭염, 가뭄, 홍수 등 극한 기상현상의 빈도는 점점 더 높아질 것으로 전망되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전북·충청지역의 이·치수안전도 확보에 큰 역할을 하고 있는 용담댐의 기존 운영방식이 기후변화에 얼마나 취약한 지 의사결정 지표를 중심으로 평가하였다. 현실적인 기후 스트레스 테스트를 위해 GR6J 강우-유출 모형, Random Forests 댐운영 모형을 관측자료에 적합시켰고 추계학적 기법으로 생성된 294개의 기후스트레스 시계열을 모형에 입력해 연최대일방류량, 저수량신뢰도, 공급신뢰도의 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과 2021~2040년 기간 용담댐 저수량신뢰도는 과도한 수준으로 증가할 것으로 전망되었고 이에 반해 공급신뢰도의 증가는 저수량 신뢰도에 미치지 못할 것으로 나타났다. 평균강수량과 강수변동성의 증가로 20년 빈도 연최대방류량은 50%의 확률로 43% 증가할 것으로 나타났다. 용담댐의 기존운영방식은 저수량 확보에 과도하게 치중되어 있는 것으로 판단되며 이 운영이 지속될 경우 용담댐 하류지역의 홍수위험은 더 가중될 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1184-1188
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• 2005

The impacts of turbidity flow induced by summer rainfall events on water supply, aquatic ecosystems, and socioeconomics are significant and major concerns in most of reservoirs operations. As a decision support tool, the real-time turbidity flow monitoring and modeling system RTMMS is under development using a laterally integrated two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic and water quality model. The objectives of this paper is to present the preliminary field observation results on the characteristics of rainfall-induced turbidity flows and their density flow regimes, and the model performance in replicating the fate and transport of turbidity plume in a reservoir. The rainfall-induced turbidity flows caused significant drop of river water temperature by 5 to $10^{\circ}C$ and resulted in density differences of 1.2 to $2.6kg/m^3$ between inflow water and ambient reservoir water, which consequently led development of density flows such as plunge flow and interflow in the reservoir. The 2D model was set up for the reservoir. and applied to simulate the temperature stratification, density flow regimes, and temporal and spatial turbidity distributions during flood season of 2004 After intensive refinements on grid resolutions , the model showed efficient and satisfactory performance in simulating the observed reservoir thermal stratification and turbidity profiles that all are essentially required to enhance the performance of RTMMS.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.816-821
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• 2010

It has been achieved 109.1 kg/d of BOD reduction that is equivalent to the amount of BOD loading discharged from 21,880 persons and dramatic decrease of the fallout ratio against water quality of effluent, from 42% to 9%, through technical support on ISTPs to be applied by the ISMSGA at the upper area of Geongan river in Yong-In city. It was clearly revealed that the most efficient configuration for ISTP was a series of anaerobic tank, equalization basin, aerobic tank, sedimentation tank, and then effluent tank. Also, the major causes on the fallout ratio of ISTP resulted in the lack of management (67.5%) and imperfect facilities (32.5%). Then, when compared the quantity of water supply with the design capacity of ISTP, the design capacity was estimated as 1.8 or 2.4 folds larger than the real quantity of water supply so that it is essential to punctually consider the key factors such as an estimation methods, the specificity of commission operator and construction by high systematic technologies to improve the water quality for the future.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.555-563
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• 2012

Due to the importance of energy-saving and CO2 reduction is being emphasized in the world, efforts to find a solution for the problems is increasing rapidly. In particular, the renewable energy is on understanding as a breakthrough for the protection of the environment and the economic development, so it is intensively fostered as future industries. Developed countries are already pursuing policy and technology development related with renewable energy. In this paper, we will develop MHD(Magneto Hydro Dynamics) technology to supply the commercial power that can is targeted at water pipe related with hydro power among renewable energy technologies. Kinetic energy of fluid flowing in the water pipe is converted into electric power. It allows stable power supply to the various sensors and devices on water pipe. We have performed several experiments to verify the application possibility of the developed technologies and present the result and a method of performance improvement of the technologies.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.527-537
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 수자원 관리와 저수지의 최적 운영에 영향을 미치는 위험의 수준을 결정하고 위험의 특징을 규명하기 위하여 위험도 평가시 평가기준이 될 수 있는 신뢰도, 복원도, 취약도 등의 지표를 수학적으로 정의하였다. 그리고 저수지 시스템의 기능 수행 능력을 평가하기 위해서 추계학적 모의 발생기법을 통하여 모의 발생된 월 유입량 자료를 이용하여 대청 다목적댐을 대상으로 저수지 물수지 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과를 토대로 저수지 시스템의 기능 수행 능력을 평가하기 위하여 시간, 빈도, 양적 기준 신뢰도 및 복원도 지수, 취약도를 산정하였으며, 상호간의 관계에 대하여 검토하였다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to present the simulation results and an overview of the performance assessment of a solar heating & cooling system by means of the $200m^2$ evacuated tube solar collector. The simulation was carried out using the thermal simulation code TRNSYS with new model of a single-effect LiBr/$H_{2}O$ absorption chiller developed by this study. The calculation was performed for yearly long-term thermal performance and for two design factors: the solar hot water storage tank and the cold water storage tank. As a result, it was anticipated that the yearly mean system efficiency is 46.7% and the solar fraction for the heating, cooling and hot water supply are about 84.4 %, 41.7% and 72.4%, respectively.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is not only to investigate the effects of air layer in the turbine chamber on the performance and internal flow of the cross-flow turbine, but also to suggest a newly developed air supply method. Field test is performed in order to measure the output power of the turbine by a new air supply method. CFD analysis on the performance and internal flow of the turbine is conducted by an unsteady state calculation using a two-phase flow model in order to embody the air layer effect on the turbine performance effectively. The result shows that air layer effect on the performance of the turbine is considerable. The air layer located in the turbine runner passage plays the role of preventing a shock loss at the runner axis and suppressing a recirculation flow in the runner. The location of air suction hole on the chamber wall is very important factor for the performance improvement. Moreover, the ratio between air from suction pipe and water from turbine inlet is also significant factor of the turbine performance.