• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.591-597
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• 2013

The input emergy of an advanced treatment plant for reducing the 1 kg of TN and TP was estimated 4.14E+14 sej/kg, 5.02E+15 sej/kg, respectively. In addition, the input emergy of constructed wetland for reduction of the 1 kg of TN and TP reduction was estimated to be 2.48E+14 sej/kg, 3.38E+15 sej/kg, respectively. The cost reducing 1 kg of TN and TP for an advanced treatment plant was estimated 197,466 won and 2,388,739 won respectively and constructed wetland was estimated 117,976 won and 1,609,213 won respectively. As a result, All of the emergy source of constructed wetland for reducing non-point source is renewable resource. If we use the constructed wetland, it results in enhancing economic value by reducing of non-point pollution, controlling a flood and providing the habitat of animals or plants. Improving water quality program in the Nakdong River Basin should be changed into an ecological treatment facilities from expansion of the sewage treatment facilities and advanced treatment plant using high cost and non-renewable energies.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2008

A monsoon season monitoring data from June to September, 2005 of a small forested watershed located at the upstream of the North Han River system in Korea was conducted to analyze the flow variations, the NPS pollutant concentrations, and the pollution load characteristics with respect to sampling frequencies. During the 4-month period, 1,423 mm or 79.2% of annual rainfall(1,797 mm) were occurred and more than 77%, 54% and 68% of annual T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P loads discharged. Flow rate was continuously measured with automatic velocity and water level meters and 58 water quality samples were taken and analyzed. It was analyzed that the flow volume by random measurement varied very widely and ranged from 79% to 218% of that of continuous measurement. It was recommended that flow measurement of small forested watersheds should be continuously measured with automated flow meters to precisely measure flow rates. Flow-weighted mean concentrations of T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P during the period were 2.114 mg/L, 0.836 mg/L, and 0.136 mg/L, respectively. T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P loads were sensitive to the number of samples. And it was analyzed that in order to measure the pollution load within the error of 10% to the true load, the rate of sampling frequency should be higher than 89.7% of the sample numbers that were required to compute the true pollution load. If it is compared to selected foreign research results, about 10 water samples for each rainfall event were needed to compute the pollution load within 10% error. It is unlikely in Korea and recommended that thorough NPS pollution monitoring studies are required to develop the standard monitoring procedures for reliable NPS pollution quantification.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 2012

In this study, it is grasped the status of nutrients through an investigation of release characteristics and physicochemical properties of sediments on reservoir. And then the effect of sediments is evaluated on the water quality in reservoir. In the results of physicochemical analysis, the pollution level of midstream is the highest, which shows the traits that the water is more deeper and takes place a deposition consistently. Then, the pollution level of upstream is higher than downstream's because inflow has influence on the upstream directly. The downstream is located near tidal gate so that the soil particles can be moved easily and are difficult to be deposited due to the distribution of seawater by control of tidal gate. Therefore, the downstream is showed the lowest pollution level than the others. Also, the concentration of SOD(Sediment Oxygen Demand) in the upstream which is influenced on the effect of inflow is highest than the others. When it analyzes under anaerobic and aerobic condition to understand the release characteristic of sediment, it shows that the release rate is low or negative under the aerobic condition. Whereas the release rate is usually positive under the unaerobic condition relatively. According to these results, it is necessary to maintain the proper environmental factors of water body for decreasing the release rate of sediment. Because the release rate is changeable under the different condition of water body. Therefore, proper strategies are required for increasing the self-purification of water as well as keeping the aerobic condition of sediment and managing a sediment layer directly to control the inner-pollution by the sediment of reservoir.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.9
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• pp.695-709
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• 2015

The inflow of nonpoint pollution sources due to sustainable development and urbanization is gradually increasing and causes a diversity of water pollution. There are lots of difficulties to find a solution as the problems related to variation of hydrological and natural phenomenon. A differentiated method to estimate the nonpoint pollution sources has been proposed using rainfall and characteristics of urbanization and observed data from sewage treatment districts in the study. The types of nonpoint pollution sources on an assumption of combined sewer system have been classified as three types which are inflow of rainfall, bypass of sewage treatments, and combined sewer overflows from a river. Three types for estimation of nonpoint pollution sources applied more accurately to generate a amount of nonpoint pollution loads. This study is expecting a wide application for effective water resource management on TMDL (total maximum delivery load) unit watershed and sewage treatment districts.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.56-61
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• 2017

This study examined the environmental characteristics of shore pollution sources in the southern part of the Sinan, Jangsando area in the West Coast of Korea. A shoreline survey of the watershed was conducted to identify the pollution sources and measure the water discharge rate and microbial hygiene of water and finally estimate the possible impact area of pollution. Forty five of pollution sources in total were identified and they were grouped into sewage (33), agriculture waste water (1) and waste water from inland fish farm (11). Nine among them were discharged into the seawater and discharge volume was 72,857~281,250 l/min. Fecal coliforms of St. 72 (sewage) and St. 74 (shrimp farm) were 490 MPN/100 ml and 49 MPN/100 ml and the impact zones of the pollution were 4,389 m and 1,900 m respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.497-509
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• 2019

After the Total Maximum Daily Loads(TMDLs) was applied, it became beyond the limit of concentration management. However, it does not adequately reflect the characteristics of various watersheds, and causes problems with local governments because of the standard flow set. Thus, in this study, the Han River system is organized into four groups in estimating the Pollution Contribution by applying the Flow Duration Curve(FDC) created by the daily flow of data from the HSPF. And the method of this study is expected to be valuable as basic data for the TMDLs. As a result, Group I contains the main watersheds with no large hydraulic structures and tributary watersheds. There is no specificity in the FDC and the Pollution Contribution is estimated as rainfall runoff. Group II contains watersheds near the city where the FDC is maintained above a certain level during the Low Flow Conditions and the Pollution Contribution is estimated as the discharge flow of large scale point pollution facilities. Group III contains the main watersheds in which the large hydraulic structures are installed and FDC is curved in the Low Flow Conditions. So the Pollution Contribution is estimated as the water quality of the large hydraulic structures. Group IV contains the upstream in mainstream watersheds in which the large hydraulic structures are installed and the FDC is disabled before the Low Flow Conditions. As the flow is concentrated in the High Flow Conditions, the non-point pollution sources are estimated as the Pollution Contribution.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.576-582
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• 2015

In recently, the Korea government is concerning on non-point source pollution management to improve water quality. The objective of this paper is to investigate the improvement measurement for management of livestock wastes. As a result, we find that the National Pollution Source Survey is necessary to establish the unified database system with the Korea Statistics(KOSAT) in order to minimize the difference between relevant data. The investigation for environmental impact of livestock manure should be supported the designation of control areas and establishment of the technical guidelines including target material, monitoring site, standard method, etc. In addition, it should be followed by appropriate nutrient recycling and proper fertilizer usage based on social consultation and cost-benefit analysis.

• Solar Energy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.85-95
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• 2000

As the industry has been growing rapidly, the problem of environmental pollution has been on the rise seriously. In this paper, we used solar cells at the power supply unit of the equipment, which has been sold at present, for measuring the quality of water in order to complement the problem. Also, to get rid of the inconvenience that the examiners must go the job site, check and collect the polluted water we set the goal at designing the water pollution alarm system which measures the quality of water automatically using one-chip microprocessor and materializing the program.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1999

We could know that the Woopo and Mokpo wetlands, which have the typical colony structure in the agricultural area of korea, had a characteristic which the pollution sources of water are scattered widely and it is caused by sewage, livestock wastewater and non point sources. As the result of an examination of water, the concentration of T-N was measured highly within five grade in the lake standard. If we build natural domestic treatment system in Taehap-myon, lbang-myon and Yuo-myon, which are located at the upper stream of wetlands, we can remove SS, BOD, COD and T-N largely.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.12a
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• pp.201-204
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• 2015

Recently, energy excessive consumption and environmental pollution are the social issued. The most efficient way to solve both energy excessive consumption and environmental pollution is existing combustion system improved. This study was part of the assume and commercial used existing waste heat recovery condensing boiler to low emission performance for exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) and thermal efficiency rise by applying the condensed water recirculation(CWR) conducted. The researchers applied the EGR and CWR develop a new concept for the condensed water recirculation waste heat recovery condensing boiler. Waste heat recovery condensing boiler applied to the condensed water recirculation thermal efficiency of the same conditions was increased by about 4.8~5.5% and pollution emission also decreased.