• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.483-493
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to obtain the information for the improvement of the support in oder to expand the adjusted water fluoridation program to Myeong-dong water treatment plant in Gimhae city, Korea. Methods : Questionnaires were distributed to the parents of elementary schoolchildren and their responses were collected. All collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results : The percentage of respondents using the tap water was 47.0% for drinking and 54.4% for cooking, respectively. The percentage of respondents using the water purified the tap water with the home water purifier was 45.1% for drinking and 36.2% for cooking, respectively. Respondents who knew the adjusted water fluoridation program was 48.3%. Respondents who knew the implementation of the adjusted water fluoridation program at the moment in Gimhae was 27.0%. 90.2% of residents agreed on the expansion of the adjusted water fluoridation program to Myeong-dong water treatment plant, Significant variables in the approval rates of the adjusted water fluoridation program were age, residence period, occupation, recognition of the program. Conclusions : It is desirable to expand the adjusted water fluoridation program to Myeong-dong water treatment plant in Gimhae as the percentage of respondents who agreed on the introduction of the program was high.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제38권1호통권368호
• /
• pp.86-93
• /
• 2000

Water fluoridation in conjunstion with wide use of fluoride dentifrices has been a major factor responsible for the decline in dental caries during the second half of the 20th century throughout the world. The history of water of water fluoridation is a classic public health program leading to epidemiologic investigation and community-based public health dentistry program. Although other fluoride-containing products are available, water fluoridation remains as the most safe and cost-effective method of delivering fluoride to omost communities. regardless of age. educational attainment. or income levels,. This review deals with pros and cons of water fluoridation and prospective analysis of state-of-the-art on issues related to the use of fluoride. An "optimal" fluoride concentration of 0.7-1.2 ppm has been recommended for preventing dental caries with a minimal dental fluorosis and no systemic health consequences.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.164-173
• /
• 2000

Fluoridation of drinking water to a level of about 0.8mg/l (below 1.5mg/l) for reducing the incidence of tooth decay is recommended. However, concerns about potential problems of unknown effects and overdosing hinders the fluoridation. This study describes the work performed to obtain information on the behavior of fluoride under various conditions in the process of water fluoridation. Effects of water treatment chemicals, water treatment unit, and water distribution on water fluoridation were investigated at both lab and an actual water treatment plant. Residual fluoride concentration was not affected by lime and chlorine dosage up to 20mg/l. Flocculation with PAC slightly decreased the residual fluoride concentration as PAC dosage increased. Average fluoride concentration of 0.87mg/l at an intake basin was decreased to 0.83mg/l by sedimentation, 0.81mg/l by dual media(sand+anthracite) filtration, and 0.79mg/l by granular activated carbon filtration in the water treatment plant.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.113-121
• /
• 2010

Objectives: The study sought to identify the perception of schoolchildren's parents concerning an approval on the expansion implementation of community water fluoridation program in Gimhae, Korea. Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to schoolchildren's parents in Gimhae in 2008. Responses were collected from 1,703 parents. The standard questionnaire of Ministry of Health and Welfare was used and items were socioeconomic variables, water used for drinking and cooking, awareness on the fluoridation program and approval on the expansion implementation of fluoridation program at the region of Myeongdong water plant. Significance was analyzed by chi-square test and multiple logistic analysis. Results: Of parents, 1.9% used plain tap water and 39.8% used boiled tap water for drinking and 50.0% used tap water for cooking. 58.0% of parents were aware of fluoridation program with 27.1% being aware of the implementation of the program in Gimhae. 74.5% approved the expansion implementation of the program to the region of Myeong-dong water plant. Significant variables associated to approving the expansion implementation of program were age, gender, residence period in Gimhae, occupation and awareness of the program. Conclusion: The expansion implementation of fluoridation program in Gimhae is desirable for caries prevention because of the majority of schoolchildren's parents' approval.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2006

본 연구는 부산광역시 해운대구민의 수불사업에 대한 지식수준을 파악함과 동시에 수불사업 추진 시 나타날 수 있는 문제점에 대한 해결 방안을 마련할 목적으로 2005년 8월 5일부터 20일까지 해운대구민 460명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 해운대구민이 섭취하는 식수로서는 정수한 수돗물이 42.8%, 수돗물이 31.3% 였으며, 음식 조리시 사용하는 물의 종류로서 수돗물이 48.3%, 정수한 수돗물이 35.4%로 나타났다. 2. 수불사업에 대해 인지하고 경우는 35.7%, 인지하고 있지않은 경우가 42.0%로 인지하고 있는 경우의 35.7%보다 높게 나타났으며, 모르겠다라고 응답한 경우가 22.4%로 나타났다. 3. 수불사업 목적 인지율은 충치예방이 42.0%로 가장 높았으며, 수돗물 소독이 32.2%, 수돗물 정화가 15.0% 순으로 나타났다. 4. 수불사업 시행 시 찬성여부 및 요인으로는 찬성의 경우가 78.0%로 찬성하는 이유로 51.0%가 충치예방 때문이라고 답했으며, 반대하는 경우는 22.0%로 그 이유를 38.6%가 불소가 인체에 해로워서로 나타났다. 5. 식품과 음료, 물, 공기에 불소가 함유되어 있다는 사실인지여부에서는 인지하고 있는 경우는 21.3%로 낮게 나타났고, 인지하고 있지 않은 경우가 78.7% 였으며, 연령에서는 10대의 93.5%가 식품과 음료, 물, 공기의 불소함유 사실을 모르고 있었다. 6. 수불사업에 대한 안전성 인지율에서는 안전하다고 생각하는 경우는 39.3%였고, 잘 모르겠다는 경우가 55.7%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 수불사업의 인지획득 경로별 응답률은 언론보도가 28.3%로 가장 높았다.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경보건학회 2005년도 국제학술대회
• /
• pp.286-288
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to compare the fluoride concentrations in urine of preschool children aged 3${\sim}$6 years between residing in community water fluoridation area(Kwangju City) and non-fluoridation area(Sungnam City). The acid-diffusible fluoride in the urine and drinking water was isolated by the acid-diffusion technique and measured with a fluoride electrode. The mean daily fluoride excretion to urine of children residing in Kwangju and Sungnam were $1.27{\pm}0.75mgF^-$/g creatinine and $0.87{\pm}47 mgF^-$/g creatinine, respectively. It is concluded from this investigation that the $F^-$concentration in urine sample of kindergarten and drinking water of children living in Kwanju(fluoridated areas) were significantly higher than that of children living in Sungnam(non-fluoridated areas).

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.475-482
• /
• 2005

This study aimed to determine the fluoride intakes in 120 preschool children aged 3 to 6 residing in Jumunjin (community water fluoridation area) and Gangneung (non-fluoridation area). The parents were asked to collect 24-hour urine samples and to duplicate the samples of all the diets that their children ingested in the day of urine collection. The acid-diffusible fluoride in the food and non-carbonate beverages were isolated by the acid-diffusion technique and then measured with a fluoride electrode. The fluoride in carbonate beverages, drinking waters and urine samples were measured directly with a fluoride electrode. The geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) of daily fluoride intakes from all kinds of diet was 5.99 (2.27) $\mu$g/kg/day in the children in Gangneung and that of the children in Jumunjin was 18.36 (2.69). The amount of fluoride intake by food and drinking water in fluoridation area were significantly larger than that in non-fluoridation area but the statistical difference of fluoride intake by beverages between two areas was not observed. The GMs (GSDs) of daily fluoride excretion by urine of children in non-fluoridation area and in fluoridation area were 8.39 (1.73) and 18.62 (1.77) $\mu$g/kg/day, respectively. The correlation between fluoride intake from diet excluding beverage and urinary excretion was statistically significant. It is concluded that the amount of fluoride intake of children living in fluoridation area did not exceed the upper intake level to avoid the risk of dental fluorosis (2.2 mg/day in 4- to 8-year-olds) and urinary excretion of fluoride was good indicator of fluoride intake from diets.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2005

이 연구는 상수도수불화사업이 구강건강상태에 미치는 영향을 파악하여 향후 상수도수불화사업 수행의 기초 자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 상수도수불화지역인 청주시 상당구, 상수도수비불화지역인 안양시 만안구를 대상지역으로 하였으며, 2003년도 7월 3일부터 7월 22일까지 청주시 상당구 C초등학교와 안양시 만안구 A초등학교 5-6학년 학부모를 대상으로 상수도수불화에 대한 설문지 조사와 초등학교 5-6학년 학생을 대상으로 구강검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 우식경험영구치지수(DMFT index)는 청주 1.69개, 안양이 2.11개로 상수도수불화지역인 청주에서 낮았다(P=.010). 2. 우식경험영구치율(DMFT rate)은 청주 6.72%, 안양 7.94% 로 상수도수불화지역인 청주가 낮았다. 3. 제1대구치건강도는 청주 95.54%, 안양이 94.10%로 상수도수불화지역인 청주에서 높았다(P=.002). 이 연구는 상수도수불화사업의 효과를 분석함으로써, 상수도수불화사업이 구강상태에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 이에 대한 구강건강증진을 향상에 기초 자료를 제시하는데 의의가 있다. 국민구강건강증진은 아울러 구강건강보험재정의 비용절감과 연관이 있다고 사료되며, 이를 위하여 전국 모든 지역에 상수도수사용을 확대 실시하여, 상수도수와 불소화에 대한 적극적인 홍보와 교육을 통한 신뢰 구축이 추가적으로 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.23-45
• /
• 2003

This study was performed to evaluate economic effect of the water fluoridation program in Cheong-Ju City from 1982 to 2010. To study this economic effect, this study used cost-benefit analysis methodology from eight years old to fourteen years old in Cheong-Ju City. Major findings were as follows; First, total cost of fluoridation program in Cheong-Ju City was 1,384,164,734 korean won and total benefit was 15,057,426,621 Korean won from 1982 to 2010. Second, total cost which was converted by present value 2000 year was 1,687,412,718 won and total benefit which was converted by present value 2000 year was 14,582,548,519 Korean won. Cost-benefit ratio was 8.64. Net present value which happened from 1982 to 2000 was 7,990,710,155 Korean won and cost benefit ratio was 7.47. In conclusion, by the above result, economic impact of the water fluoridation program was very effective for children in some area of Cheong-Ju city.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제13권1_2호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 1998

In Korea, fluoride was first introduced into the drinking water of residents of Jinhae, KyungNam in 1981 for the prevention of dental caries. Ever since, growing numbers of communities favor fluoridation. The mechanism of F prevention of tooth decay is well known: fluoride ions substitute for hydroxyl ions in hydroxyapatite of hard tissues, which result in crystal perfection, with consequent reduction in dental caries. Soluble fluorides such as sodium fluoride are almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. However, the presence of divalent or trivalent cations such as aluminum, magnesium, and calcium that can complex with F can reduce the degree of absorption. In U.S.A., over 7000 communities are now adding F to their drinking water. However, some portion of population oppose fluoridation, voicing both concern about the safety of fluoridation as well as for personal choice. Thus, This paper reviews the interaction of fluoride and cations as well as fluoride and suggests possible problems associated with fluoridation, a controversial issue.