• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water quality and phytoplankton community in Bukhan River which account for 44.4 % of the total inflow into Lake Paldang, using multivariate statistical techniques (i.e., correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA)/factor analysis (FA)). Water samples were collected from March to November 2015 and the following parameters measured; water temperature, pH, DO, EC, SS, BOD, Chl-a, COD, TN, $NO_3-N$, $NH_3-N$, TP, DTP, $PO_4-P$, and phytoplankton community. The water quality of the main stream and the tributaries were not significantly different apart from the relatively high concentration of BOD, COD and nutrients recorded in MH. The highest cell density of Stephanodiscus hantzschii and Merismopedia glauca dominated phytoplankton was observed in PD. Based on the correlation analysis, total phytoplankton and cyanophyceae were highly correlated with BOD, COD and nutrients. PCA/FA resulted in four main factors accounting for 82.240 % of the total variance in the water quality dataset. The group of component 1 (TN, DTN, DO, $NO_3-N$, water temperature) and component 2 ($PO_4-P$, T-P, DTP, SS) were classified as nutrient element factor whereas component 3 (Chl-a, COD, BOD, $NH_3-N$, pH) was related to organic substances. Hence, the identification of the main potential environmental pollution factors in Bukhan River will help policy makers make better and more informed decisions on how to improve the water quality.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.27-27
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• 2004

We studied algal growth-related water quality of the Sangsa lake which is the drinking water reservoir for the south-eastern region of Jeonnam province. Peridinium cinctum and several diatomic algal species frequently caused water bloom throughout the lake from early spring to late autumn. With the heaviest predominance of Peridinium cintum in May 2003, COD was 22.7 mg/l in the surface layer. Highly turbid surface water of 15 NTU was also caused by Perdinium bloom. Cyanobacterial growth was effectively prohibited by dominant growth of Peridinium in the Sangsa lake, otherwise confronted with cyanobacterial bloom. Dense algal layer was confined in the upper several meters of the water column above the thermocline, which gives relatively algae-free water in deeper layer suitable for drinking source water supply. Upon collapse of thermocline, water quality of the surface layer was improved while deeper layer was deteriorated. This paper deals with some details of water quality changes with algal growth in the Sangsa lake past two years.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.630-640
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• 2013

It is one of the most critical steps identifying impaired waterbodies exactly in the selection of target water quality indicators for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). Excess ratio and excess level were applied and analyzed by the stream zone basis in order to evaluate water impairment for Nakdong, Geum, Youngsan and Seomjin rivers. Each river basin was divided into stream zones in the light of its watershed and waterbody characteristics. Selected water quality parameters discussed in this study were pH, DO, BOD, COD, SS, T-P, T-Coli and F-Coli. The excess ratios of the water quality parameters were used to discriminate water bodies that did not meet water quality standards. The excess levels were used to classify the degradation of water quality. The excess ratios and the excess levels to the water quality criteria of the medium influence areas were used for each stream zone. The results indicate that the excess ratios and the excess levels are varied on the stream zone in each river basin. Three parameters, pH, DO and SS, met water quality standards in all stream zones. The other five parameters indicated very high excess ratios in most waterbodies, and especially T-P and T-Coli revealed to be very high excess levels in some waterbodies. These parameters could be considered as major target indicators for the management of TMDLs.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.943-951
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• 2006

Spatial distribution of water pollution in the Gap Stream was investigated from October to November, 2005. Sampling was conducted three times including effluents discharged from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and a dam reservoir during the low-flow period. As a typical urban stream, total nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen concentrations increased toward downstream. Ammonia concentration was the highest in the treated water of the wastewater treatment plant and the lowest nitrate concentration was found in the effluent of the dam reservoir. A part of soluble reactive phosphorous (SRP) in total phosphorous was 22~54% in the upstream reach of WWTP in the Gap Stream whereas 68~73% in the downstream reach. Mean chlorophyll-a concentration ranged from 1.6 to $11.0{\mu}g/L$ and it tends to increase toward downstream except for WWTP effluent. As expected, untreated wastewater and WWTP effluent were suggested as the major sources of water pollution in the Gap Stream. In this study, the water pollution of the Gap Stream is a significant undergoing typical eutrophication, caused by excessive phosphorus and nitrogen nutrients from WWTP located in the watershed. As a result, the critical factor for the water pollution was evaluated to dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients. Particularly, SRP is a most important for the eutrophication. It suggest that may occur in the most urban streams of Korean peninsula. Therefore, because the necessity of water pollution management in the urban stream, inorganic N and P nutrients should be included as an essential component of water quality criteria in the advanced water quality project of Korean Government by enforcing of water quality assessment and total maximum daily loads (TMDLs).

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the Natural mineral water quality at 47 sites in Chonnam area, samples were collected spring, summer, fall, winter for a seasonal variation in 1996. The results obtained were summarized as follows 1. The mean of F, pH, HCO$_3$, NO$_3$ -N were 0.19 mg/l, 6. 9, 34.99 mg/l, 1.40 mg/l and those of Na, K, Ca, Mg were 12.1 mg/l, 1.2 mg/l, 7.7 mg/l, 2.1 mg/l respectively. 2. The contents of F were reasonable at Multonggol as 1.35 mg/l and Yongbayui as 0.57 mg/l respectively, but there is no detected at Sidong and detected below 0.1 mg/l at Gubongsan, Hansansa area. 3. According to the geological effect, the content of F was showed higher in granite than in tuff, and index of pH was higher in tuff than in andesite, and content of HCO$_3$ was higher in andesite than in granite. 4. The K and O values were used as index of healthy and delicious water. As a result, thirtyfive sites(74.5%) was decided as healthy and delicious water. 5. The contents of NO$_3$-N were detected over 5 mg/l at Sukchonsa, Gajanggol, Yudalsan, Muchang, Kisan.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.239-246
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• 2013

Recently the building is introducing the indoor water space. Thermal environment change with the introduction. Consequently, this study shows how water space in the public facility affects the indoor environment. We had put our experiment to measure the humidity and temperature differences in different distances of water space. The result of this study is as follows. First, We found that even though there's a water space, it makes no big change in temperature by different distance. The temperature was only maintained by a cooler. Second, As there's a water space, the humidity was affected by within 1.5 m of it. Through our experimental result, we have started our study to make a water space effective.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.64-71
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• 2007

In this study daily flow data is constructed from 8-day intervals flow data which has been measured by Nakdong River Water Environmental Laboratory. TANK model is used to expand 8-day intervals flow data into daily flow data. Using the Sequential quadratic programing, TANK model is auto-calibrated with daily precipitation and 8-day interval flow data. Generated and measured daily surface flow, ground water flow data and ground water recharge are shown to be in a good agreement. From this result, it is thought that this method has the potential to provide daily flow data for calibrating an watershed model such as SWAT.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.197.4-197
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.103-104
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• 2003

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.860-870
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• 2010

Long term monthly monitoring data showed that the water quality of streams flowing into Lake Paldang has been improved by various strategy for water. However, the effect of quality on Lake Paldang is still insufficient because of nonpoint source from watershed. In order to evaluate quantifying methods for pollution source and make a suggestion on improvements, Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was constructed by using data set from the water quality and streamflow monitoring network in the Kyoungan watershed for Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). Load duration curve (LDC) based on the result of the Kyoungan watershed SWMM indicated that the water quality criterion on $BOD_5$ was often exceeded in up-stream than down-stream. From flowrate-load correlation curve, SS load significantly increased as streamflow increases. 75.3% of streamflow and 62.1% of $BOD_5$ loads is discharged especially in the zone of high flows, but monitoring data set didn't provide proper information about the conditions and the patterns associated with storm events. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire representative data set for comparing hydrograph and pollutograph through monitoring experimental watershed and to establish methods for quantifying point and nonpoint source pollutant loads.