• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1317-1325
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• 2013

Paulownia coreana is a medicinal, edible and industrial plant with the largest leaf, and is native to Korea. We evaluated the reducing power activities, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (RSAs), nitrite scavenging activities (NSAs) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cation RSAs by solvent extraction of P. coreana bark by using $50^{\circ}C$ hot water and $25^{\circ}C$ methanol. The antioxidative effect of P. coreana bark extract on corn seed oil was evaluated using the Rancimat test. The extraction yields on dry weight basis with 15 folds of hot water and methanol were 23.88% and 5.30%, respectively; further the flavonoid content in the hot water extract was over 2.5 times more than that in the methanol extract. The DPPH RSA of the methanol extract was substantially higher than that of the water extract, whereas the NSA of the water extract was higher than that of the methanol extract at pH 1.2. The ABTS RSAs of the two extracts were almost the same as that of ascorbic acid and 2,6-ditertiarybutyl hydroxytoluene. The two extracts of P. coreana bark in this study were found to slightly improve the oxidation stability of corn seed oil.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.104-109
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• 1999

Ethyl acetate, methanol, water extract and their fractions from chestnut flower(Castancea crenata) were tested for antimicrobial activities. Yields of prebloomed chestnut flower extracts were 13.84, 12.90 and 1.82% in methanol, water and ethyl acetate, and those of the postbloomed were 13.12, 11.75 and 1.18%, respectively. Methanol extract from the chestnut flower was fractionated by solvents using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water, yields of those fractions were 0.16, 0.08, 1.94, 4.75 and 6.91% in the prebloomed, and were 0.90, 0.13, 1.40, 3.42 and 7.18% in the postbloomed. In the solvent extracts of water, ethyl acetate and methanol, methanol extract showed the most effective antimicrobial activity, antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract was stronger than others. Minimum inhibitory concentration of ethyl acetate fractions from the prebloomed showed 100, 140, 100 and 90ppm against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Echerichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, in fractions from the postbloomed were 140, 140, 100 and 150ppm, respectively. Growth of all the strains was completely inhibited to 30 hours in a 150ppm concentration. E. coli sells treated with ethyl acetate fraction was collapsed severely.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2008

This study examined the antioxidant activity of methanol and water extracts from Orostachys japonicus A. Berger according to harvest times, by measuring electron donating ability(EDA), reducing power, superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) and antioxidant activity within a linoleic acid emulsion. EDA increased proportionally with the extract concentration and the methanol extract had slightly stronger effects than the water extract. And reducing power and SOD-like activity were highest in the methanol extract. Overall, based on the data, the methanol extract of O. japonicus A. Berger harvested during $August{\sim}October$ presented the highest level of antioxidative activity and may be a good candidate as a natural antioxidant source.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the biological activities of star anise extracts obtained from four different solvents (water, methanol, ethanol and chloroform) by measuring total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, nitrite scavenging activity and antimicrobial activity. The methanol extract showed the highest extraction yield, followed by ethanol, water and chloroform. The properties of the extracting solvents significantly affected the total polyphenol content. Methanol extracts contained more total polyphenols than any other extracts. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in methanol extract. The hydroxyl radical and nitrite scavenging activity were highest in methanol and ethanol extracts. In antimicrobial activity, water extract showed stronger activities than methanol and ethanol extract against Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis, and no inhibitory effects on Gram negative bacteria were found in all extracts at the concentration used.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.517-523
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of rat intestinal a-glucosidase inhibitor; methanol $(80\%)$, ethanol $(80\%)$ and water extract of Schizandra chinensis in Korea (KS: Schizandra chinensis in Korea) and China (CS: Schizandra chinensis in China). When the final concentration was 1 mg/ml for each sample (KS and CS), methanol extract of KS ($IC_{50}$ 1.62 mg/ml) showed $46.8\%$, ethanol extract of KS ($IC_{50}$ 1.48 mg/ml) showed $47.4\%$, water extract of KS ($IC_{50}$ 1.72 mg/ml) showed $46.3\%$ and methanol extract of CS ($IC_{50}$ 8.35 mg/ml) showed $13.3\%$, ethanol extract of CS ($IC_{50}$ 8.05 mg/lml) showed $16\%$, water extract of CS ($IC_{50}$ 8.37 mg/ml) showed $11.54\%$ of inhibitor for p-nitrophenyl $\alpha-D-glucopyranoside$ (pNPG) $\alpha-glcosidase$ activity, respectively. And the contents of total phenol, flavonoid of Schizandra chinensis were measured. When the final concentration was 1mg/ml for each sample (KS and CS), total phenol and flavonoid in KS were higher than CS, respectively. The order superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity $IC_{50}$ values of each solvent extracts of KS were: 2.006 mg/ml methanol extract, 2.304 mg/ml ethanol extract and 2.5 mg/ml water extract, which were higher than that of each solvent extracts CS as: 2.881 mg/ml methanol extract, 3.085 mg/ml ethanol extract and 3.190 mg/ml water extract.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1218-1223
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• 2009

Total phenolics and antioxidant activities of water and 80% methanol extract of chestnut inner skin were investigated. The antioxidant properties of both extracts of chestnut inner skin were evaluated using different antioxidant tests, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities, reducing power, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and inhibitory effects on ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching. The 80% methanol extract of inner skin exhibited the higher DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activities, reducing power, and FRAP than water extract of inner skin and did also in a concentration-dependent manner. However, inhibitory effects on ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching of 80% methanol extract was similar to those of water extract, 35.09 and 39.07% at 1 mg/mL, respectively. The total phenolic contents of water and 80% methanol extract from chestnut inner skin were 5,801.42 and 9,735.56 mg/100 g, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that gallic acid was the predominant phenolic compound in water and 80% methanol extract from inner skin. These water and 80% methanol extracts of chestnut inner skin can be utilized as an effective and safe source of antioxidants.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.113-116
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• 2000

The antimicrobial activities of three parts of Korean sword bean , such as whole seed, dotyledon and hull were investigated . Yields were higher hull other parts in water and methanol extract. Methanol extract in seed parts was fractionated with different solvents, such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water, yields of water fractino showed 3.3% , 2.5% and 0.3% in whole seed, 채쇼ledon and hull, respectively. In solvent extracts using methanol, hexane, chloroform, and water , methanol extract showed the most effective antimicrobial activities. Antimicrobial activities of ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extractwas higher than those of other fractions.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 1981

For bioassay of the various extracts of ginseng, the growth determination method using Saccharomyces cerevisiae which was cultured with various doses of the extracts, was studied The water extract, Powder. and ethanol extract were more effective (about 45∼ 110% increase) than saponins or its fractions (about 20∼35% increase). The cold methanol residue showed a increase effect but it was not significant. The bioassay curves for the water extract, ethanol extract, the butanol extracted saponins and the cold methanol- residue were made from the experimental data. From these curves it is possible to find the relation between dose and effectiveness and the optimal doses of various ginseng extracts, and the amount of extract in a sample can be estimated The .angers of sample amount were 0.01% (100ppm) ∼0.32% (3200ppm) fo. the water extract, 0.025% (150ppm)∼0.1% (1000ppm) for the ethanol extract, and 0.008% (80ppm)∼0.016% (160ppm) for the saponins. It was impossible to determine the range for the cold methanol- residue, The acceleration effects on the cell proliferation by a only 0.0008% (8ppm) of the diol- and triol-saponin were measurable in earlier Period (24 hour treatment).

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.500-506
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• 1996

To study antimicrobial activities of Impatiens balsamina, its leaf and stem was extracted by methanol and water. The extracts were tested their microbial inhibition activities against several microorganisms, staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1928, Escherichia coli KCTC 1116, Klebsiella pneumoniae KCTC 2690, Trichophyton mentagrophytes KCTC 6316. The methanol extract and water extract of the leaf and stem didn't show the inhibition effect on E. coli but showed the inhibition effect against the ohter 3 species of the microorganisms tested. The extract of leaf showed higher inhibition than the extract of stem. And the methanol extract showed higher inhibition than the water extract.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.315-322
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effects of natural colors extracted from yellow natural dyes(Tumeric, Amur Cork Tree and Onion Shell). The water and the methanol extracts of Tumeric and Amur Cork Tree significally decreased the growth of E. coli in vitro and the methanol extract of Tumeric exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect among the samples. Silk and nylon fabrics dyed with water and methanol extracts of the yellow natural dyes showed antimicrobial activities against E. coli and Staph aureus in the Bioassay Test. Nylon fabric dyed with methanol extracts of them showed strong antibacterial effect on E. coli compared with that of water extracts. However, slik fabrics dyed with the extracts could not reduce the growth of E. coli. Silk or nylon fabrics dyed with methanol or water extracts of yellow natural dyes showed antimicrobial activities against Staph aureus. The antimicrobial activity of the fabrics dyed with methanol extracts from Tumeric, Amur Cork Tree and Onion Shell was stronger than that of water extracts, especially, the fabrics dyed with Tumeric extract showed the highest antibacterial property among the dyed fabrics.