• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
• /
• 1999.10a
• /
• pp.407-410
• /
• 1999

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.569-575
• /
• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the effect of a sequencial washing of organic acid and distilled water on meat quality and the population of Escherichia coli of pork loin during cold storage. E. coli ATCC25922 was inoculated on the surface of sliced pork loin and 50 mL of 1% or 2% of organic acid and the same amount of distilled water was sprayed on the surface of pork loin. Then, physicochemical and microbial properties of pork loin were analyzed during cold storage. During storage period, lightness, yellowness and lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value) was higher than those of not treated control. However, the population of E. coli was decreased significantly in formic acid and distilled water sprayed pork loin samples. From these results, it can be considered that application of combination of washing of formic acid and water in the washing step of pig slaughter may be helpful to control the proliferation of E. coli.

• Membrane Journal
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 1996

The oxidation/degradation efficiency of formic acid through the photoelectrochemical reaction has been investigated as a basic research in order to develope the process for degrading toxic organic compounds dissolved in water. A $TiO_{2}$ photoelectro-membrane reactor for purification of water, in which filtration as well as photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of organic compounds could be carried out simultaneously, was developed. Porous $SnO_{2}$ tubes prepared by slip casting and commercial porous stainless steel tubes, being electrically conductive, were used as not only supports but also working electrodes. The UV light with the wavelength of 365 nm was applied as a light source for photocatalytic reactions. The photoelectrocatatytic composite membranes were prepared by coating the support surface with the $TiO_{2}$ sol of pH 1.45. The oxidation efficiency of formic acid increased with the reaction time and the applied voltage, but was almost independent of the solution flux. The results showed that more than 90% of formic acid could he dograded at 27V using the $TiO_{2}$/stainless steel composite membrane, while about 77% in case of the $TiO_{2}/SnO_{2}$ Composite membrane. It was also concluded that the oxidation efficiencies of formic acid could be significantly improved by about 6~7 times by the photoelectrochemical reaction in comparison with those by the photocatalytic reaction only.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.12-19
• /
• 2008

The organic acids (formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid), phenol and benzopyrene in wood vinegar were determine by HPLC. An $Atlantis^{TM}dC_{18}$ column with a acetonitrile: 0.1% phosphoric acid (5: 95, organic acids), acetonitrile: water (10 : 90, phenol), 100% acetonitrile (benzopyrene) as a mobile phase was used. Retention time of acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, phenol and benzopyrene was 4.77, 3.73, 9.08, 30.97 and 6.10 min, respectively. The calibration curves of organic acids, phenol, benzopyrene were linear over the concentration range of $30{\sim}500,\;60{\sim}1000$, and $3{\sim}50\;{\mu}g/ml$ with correlation coefficient of above 0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, phenol, and benzopyrene was 1.71 and 5.19, 1.11 and 3.35, 4.87 and 14.74, 6.45 and 19.55, 0.08 and $0.24\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The coefficients of variation for intra- and inter-day assay were $0.21{\sim}4.14$ and $0.07{\sim}1.19%$, respectively and the precision was $95{\sim}115%$. From this study, we suggest that HPLC is suitable method for the determination of organics in wood vinegar and could be applied to quality control of wood vinegar.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.123-127
• /
• 2016

Methanol fuel cells having advantages of relatively favorable reaction kinetics and higher energy density have attracted increasing interests as best alternative to hydrogen fuel cell because of H2 production, storage and distribution issues. While there have been extensive research works on developing key components such as electrocatalysts as well as their physicochemical properties in practical formic acid fuel cells, there have also been urgent requests for investigating which fuel sources will be more suitable for direct liquid fuel cells in future. In this mini-review, we highlight the overall interest and outlook of formic acid fuel cells in terms of electrocatalysts, fuel supply and crossover, water management, fuel cell efficiency and system integration in comparison with methanol fuel cells.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.35-38
• /
• 1990

$\alpha$-D-Glucosidase inhibitor purified in a pure form was amorphous powder which gave a single spot at Rf value 0.12-0.71 with various developing solvent systems on silica gel thin layer chromatography, and melting point was 154.3-155.3$^{\circ}C$. It was disolved in water, formic acid and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and was very high hygroscopic substance. Biochemical reaction of the substance was positive to phenol sulfuric acid, ninhydrin, silver nitrate-sodium hydroxide, but negative to DNS reagent. Acid hydrolysis gave fructose and acid as sole sugar and amino acid constituents respectively. Moelcular weight of the inhibitor was estimated to be 1,050 by Shphadex G-25 column chromatography.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.431-434
• /
• 2005

The quantitative analytical method for major antioxidants, ellagic acid and punicalagin, in pomegranate husk (Granati pericarpium) were established by HPLC. The optimal HPLC conditions were as follows: Column; Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 ($4.6{\times}150mm,\;5{\mu}m$), mobile phase; 1% formic acid in water (A) and 1% formic acid in MeCN (B) (gradient elution of 5% to 100% B for 50 min), flow rate; 0.8 ml/min., detection; UV 254 nm. The optimal pre-treatment conditions for HPLC analysis were as follows: 5 g of pomegranate husk in 100 ml of 95% EtOH, refluxed for 3 h. Under these analytical conditions, punicalagin and ellagic acid contents in Korean pomegranates husks which were cultivated in five different sites were determined. As results, the ellagic acid and punicalagin (as a mixture of ${\alpha-\;and\;{\beta}-anomer$) contents were the highest in Haepyung pomegranate husk $(15.27{\mu}g/mg)$ and Jangsung pomegranate husk $(16.21{\mu}g/mg)$, respectively.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.36-41
• /
• 1993

This study was designed to reveal the characteristics of the strains degrading formaldehyde isolated from mud of waste water. A strain H-5 showed the highest ability of formaldehyde biodegradation among isolated strains. According to identification, the strain H-5 was ascribed to be Peudomonas putida H-5. The optimal conditions of Peudomonas putida H-5 were $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0. The highest level of formaldehyde degradation was demonstrated at the concentration of 0.02~0.04% in a glucose containing medium. Formaldehyde biodegradation by Peudomonas putida H-5 indicated that this reaction was converted to the methanol and formic acid. However, methanol and formic acid did not show any effect on the growth of viable cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.57-60
• /
• 1985

The inhibitory substance on the growth of mung bean seedling was amorphous crystal that had a single spot on silica gel thin layer chromatography under ultra-violet irradiation in dark room. The Rf value was 0.85 in n-butanol-acetic acid-formic acid-water(15 : 12 : 3 : 10) system, and 0.92 in n-butanol-acetic acid-water(4 : 1 : 5) system, respectively. Biochemical reaction of the inhibitor was negative to $FeCl_3$, pyrimidine, ninhydrine, folin, fehling, Salkowski and Ehrlich reaction, but the inhibitor had a blue fluorescence from irradiation of ultra-violet rays and had maximum absorption at 252nm on UV spectrum. On IR spectrum, the Peaks of the inhibitor appeared at $3300{\sim}3500,\;2900{\sim}3000,\;1600{\sim}1700,\;and\;1400cm^{(-1)}$. The strain tested was identified to be similar Streptomyces iuteogriseus by morphorogical and physiological characteristics.

• Membrane Journal
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.152-162
• /
• 1994

The photodegradation efficiency of formic acid on $TiO_2$ photocatalytic membranes was investigated. A new titania membrane reactors for purification of water combining microfiltration with photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds were developed. Titania membrane tubes(average pore size of $0.2\mu m$) were prepared by the slip casting, and porous thin films of $TiO_2$ were formed on the tube surface by the sol-gel process to increase the surface area, and consequently to increase photodegradation efficiency of organic compounds. The UV light with the wavelength of 365 nm was used as a light source for photocatalytic reactions. The photodegradation efficiency of the organic compounds was strongly dependent on the flux of the solution, the microstructure of the membrane (sol pH), and the amount of $O_2$ supplied. The effects of the primary oxidant such as $H_2O_2$ and dopants such as $Nb_2O_5$ on the photodegradation efficiency were also investigated. The results showed that more than 80% of formic acid could be degraded using membrane coated with a $TiO_2$ sol of pH 1.45. The photodegradation efficiency could be improved by about 20% when adding $H_2O_2$ in feed solution or doping $TiO_2$ membranes with $Fe_2O_3$.