• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.60-68
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• 2000

Biofiltration is an environmentally-sound technology for elimination of VOCs and odorous compound from low-concentration, high-volume waste gas streams because of its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. It can be appled to the treatment of gases from publicly owned treatment works, composting facilities, landfill sites, and soil vapor extraction systems. The ability to design an effective biofilter system involves a combination of fundamental biofilter knowledge, practical experience, and bench- and pilot-scale testing. The objective of this paper was to review principle, design parameters, operational conditions, case studies, and economy of biofiltration through literature.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.515-521
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• 1997

To investigate the nature of the waste materials in the Nanjido Landfill, we have conducted multivariate statistical analysis of geophysical data set comprised of magnetic, gravity, LandSat TM thermal band and surface depression measurement data. Because these data sets show different responses to the depth, we have transformed the observed total field magnetic data and gravity data to the residual reduced-to-pole(RTP) magnetic anomalies and the three dimensional density anomalies, respectively, and utilized the informations about the upper shallow part of the landfills only in the following process. For the statistical analysis at the points of depression measurement, the magnetic, density and LandSat data values at these points are determined by interpolation process. Since the multivarite statistical analysis technique utilizes a clustering algorithm for classification of data set and we have measured the dissimilarity between objects by using Euclidean distance, standardization was applied prior to distance calculation in order to eliminate any scaling effects due to different measurement unit of each data set. The hierarchial grouping technique was used to construct the dendrogram. The optimum number of statistical groups(clusters), which are classified on the basis of geophysical and geotechnical characteristics, appeared to be six on the resulting dendrogram. The result of this study suggests that the dimension and nature of the multicomponent waste landfills can be identified by application of the multivarite statistical analysis technique to integrated geophysical data sets.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.22-25
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• 2017

Steel slag has been considered as an industrial waste. A huge amount of slag is produced as a byproduct and the steel slag usually has been dumped in a landfill site. However the steel slag contains valuable resources such as iron, copper, manganese, and magnesium. Superconducting magnetic separation has been applied on recovery of the valuable resources from the steel slag and this process also has intended to reduce the waste to be dumped. Cryo-cooled Nb-Ti superconducting magnet with 100 mm bore and 600 mm of height was used as the magnetic separator. The separating efficiency was evaluated in the function of magnetic field. A steel slag was ground and analyzed for the composition. Iron containing minerals were successfully concentrated from less iron containing portion. The separation efficiency was highly dependent on the particle size giving higher separating efficiency with finer particle. The magnetic field also effects on the separation ratio. Current study showed that an appropriate grinding of slag and magnetic separation lead to the recovery of metal resources from steel slag waste rather than dumping all of the volume.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Most of the bottom ash(BA) from wood pellet-based thermal power plants that is not recycled is placed into landfill. BA has a function and structure similar to biochar. Hence, BA is classified as waste, but, it is predicted that BA can be used agricultural utilization. METHODS AND RESULTS: To investigate the effect of BA application on lettuce, growth characteristics and Pb contents were examined with BA application levels(0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g/L), respectively, in hydroponic cultivation with Pb solution. Irrespective with BA application levels, the length, leaf number and fresh weight of lettuce in BA treatments were increased by 84.3~120, 36.2~39.0, and 215~322%, respectively, compared to the BA-0 treatment. The groups with BA treatments, Pb in the nutrient solution was adsorbed to the BA due to the surface area and functional groups of the BA, and the lettuce growth was maintained more smoothly than in the BA-0 treatment. BA application is considered to have created a favorable environment for lettuce growth in hydroponic cultivation with Pb solution. CONCLUSION(S): Although direct comparing the removal effect of heavy metal between BA and biochar is not present, the BA application in contaminated area suggested a significant meaning on the recycling waste, and increasing potential crop productivity by immobilizing heavy metal.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.244.1-244.1
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• 2010

Bio energy development by using Low Calorific Gas Turbine(LCGT) has been developed for New & Renewable energy source for next generation power system, low fuel and operating cost method by using the renewable energy source in landfill gas (LFG), Food Waste, water waste and Livestock biogas. Low calorific fuel purification by pretreatment system and carbon dioxide fixation by green house system are very important design target for evaluate optimum applications for bio energy. Main problems and accidents of Low Calorific Gas Turbine system was derived from bio fuel condition such as hydro sulfide concentration, siloxane level, moisture concentration and so on. Even if the quality of the bio fuel is not better than natural gas, LCGT system has the various fuel range and environmental friendly power system. The mechanical characterisitics of LCGT system is a high total efficiency (>70%), wide range of output power (30kW - 30MW class) and very clean emmission from power system (low NOx). Also, we can use co-generation system. A green house designed for four different carbon dioxide concentration from ambient air to 2000 ppm by utilizing the exhaust gas and hot water from LCGT system. We look forward to contribute the policy for Renewable Portfolio Standards(RPS) by using LCGT power system.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 2007

An analytical method using ion-exchange chromatography was developed for simultaneous quantification of low-molecularweight organic acids ($C_1-C_6$ aliphatic carboxylic acids) and inorganic anions, and then applied to the assessment of ground water contaminated by leachates from a municipal solid waste landfill. Peak interferences of halide ions to organic acids were removed by pretreatment of water samples with Ag-containing cartridges. This method allowed accurate detection of low-molecular weight organic acids (i.e., formate, acetate, propionate, pyruvate, succinate, and oxalateas) low as 0.5 mg/L with a linear dynamic range up to 20 mg/L within 11 min run time along with typical inorganic anions. High level of pyruvate and low level of formate and acetate were detected in groundwater and landfill leachates using the analytical method. Pyruvate concentration in groundwater showed a significant correlation with concentrations of $Cl^-$ and $HCO_3^-$, and pyruvate levels decreased along the downgradient from the landfill, indicating the sources of pyruvate are landfill leachate.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 1998

In most of studies on solidification/stabilization with waste, small columns have been used to examinate adsorption or leachate. However, these experiments using small apparatus have been limited to apply with the field. In this study, considering an application to the field, a large Lysimeter(100cm$\times$100cm$\times$100cm) used for the simulation. Then, the open dumping waste was mixed directly with bentonite to simulate the stabilization of waste, environmental aspects and several basic tests. As a result, the concentration of heavy metals and contaminated substances changed with bentonite rate. Most of contaminated substances were decreased in leaching with increased mixing rate of bentonite. Especially, the concentration of CODcr removed 25~30%. Also, the residual soil in dumping waste produced approximately 80% of total volume by 40$\times$40mm screen.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.177-184
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• 2003

Although clay can sorb significant amounts of inorganic contaminants from soils and wastewater, the hydration of exchangeable cations in clay minerals makes it hydrophilic at the clay mineral surfaces and interlayers. Thus, natural clays are often ineffective in complexing and stabilizing toxic organic contaminants in soils and groundwater environment. But, substituting these hydrated cations with cationic surfactant such as QAC(Quaternary ammonium Compound) can change the natural clay from hydrophilic to hydropobic. Furthermore functionalized organoclay can act as a powerful dual function sorbent for both toxic metals and organic compounds. It also can be used as landfill clay liners, slurry walls, nano-composite materials, petroleum tank farms, waste treatment, and filter systems. To use this modified clay minerals effectively, it is required to understand the fundamental chemistry of organoclay, synthetic procedures, its engineering application, bioavailability of sorbed ion-clay complex, and potential risk of organoclay. In this review, we investigate the use, application and historical background of the organoclay in remediation technology. The state-of-the-art of organoclay research is also discussed. Finally, we suggest some future implications of organoclay in environmental research.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.18 no.5 s.95
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• pp.589-594
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• 2006

The recycling of industrial wastes in the concrete manufacturing is of increasing interest worldwide, due to the high environmental impact of the cement and concrete industries and to the rising demand of infrastructures, both in industrialized and developing countries. The production of municipal wastes in the South Korea is estimated at about 49,902 ton per day and only 14.5% of these are incinerated and principally disposed of in landfill. These quantities will increase considerably with the growth of municipal waste production, the progressive closing of landfill, so the disposal of municipal solid waste incinerator(MSWI) ashes has become a continuous and significant issue facing society, both environmentally and economically. MSWI ash is the residue from waste combustion processes at temperature between $850^{\circ}C\;and\;1,000^{\circ}C$. And the main components of MSWI ash are $SiO_2,\;CaO\;and\;Al_2O_3$. The aim of this study is to find a way to useful application of MSWI ash(after treatment) as a structural material and to investigates the hydraulic activity, compressive strength development composition variation of such alkali-activated MSWI ashes concrete. And it was found that early cement hydration, followed by the breakdown and dissolving of the MSWI-ashes, enhanced the formation of calcium silicate hydrates(C-S-H). The XRD and SEM-EDS results indicate that, both the hydration degree and strength development are closely connected with a curing condition and a alkali-activator. Compressive strengths with values in the 40.5 MPa were obtained after curing the activated MSWI ashes with NaOH+water glass at $90^{\circ}C$.

• Clean Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.228-236
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• 2020

Korea has an economy based on manufacturing industrial fields, which produce high amounts of hazardous wastes, in spite of few landfill candidates, and a significant concern for fine airborne particulates; therefore, traditional waste management is difficult to apply in this country. Moreover, waste collection and accumulation have recently been intensified by the waste import prohibitions or regulations in developing nations, the universalization of delivery services in Korea, and the global COVID-19 crisis. This study thus presents a domestic waste management strategy that aims to address the recent issues on waste. The contents of the strategy as the main results of the study include the (1) improvement of the compatibility of the classification codes between the domestic hazardous waste and the international ones such as those of the Basel Convention; (2) consideration of the mixed hazard indices to represent toxicity from low-content components such as rare earth metals often contained in electrical and electronic equipment waste; (3) management application based on risks throughout the life cycles of waste; (4) establishment of detailed material flow information of waste by integrating the Albaro system, Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR) system, and online trade databases; (5) real-time monitoring and prediction of the waste movement or discharge using positional sensors and geographic information systems, among others; and (6) selection and implementation of optimal treatment or recycling practices through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and clean technologies.