• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2017

Emergencies and disasters can happen any time without any warning, and things can change and escalate very quickly, and often it is swift and decisive actions that make all the difference. It is a responsibility of the building facility management to ensure that a proven evacuation plan in place to cover various worst scenario to handled automatically inside the facility. To mapping out optimal safe escape routes is a straightforward undertaking, but does not necessarily guarantee residents the highest level of protection. The emergency evacuation navigation approach is a state-of-the-art that designed to evacuate human livings during an emergencies based on real-time decisions using live sensory data with pre-defined optimum path finding algorithm. The poor decision on causalities and guidance may apparently end the evacuation process and cannot then be remedied. This paper propose a cloud connected emergency evacuation system model to react dynamically to changes in the environment in emergency for safest emergency evacuation using IoT based emergency exit sign system. In the previous researches shows that the performance of optimal routing algorithms for evacuation purposes are more sensitive to the initial distribution of evacuees, the occupancy levels, and the type and level of emergency situations. The heuristic-based evacuees routing algorithms have a problem with the choice of certain parameters which causes evacuation process in real-time. Therefore, this paper proposes an evacuee routing algorithm that optimizes evacuation by making using high computational power of cloud servers. The proposed algorithm is evaluated via a cloud-based simulator with different "simulated casualties" are then re-routed using a Dijkstra's algorithm to obtain new safe emergency evacuation paths against guiding evacuees with a predetermined routing algorithm for them to emergency exits. The performance of proposed approach can be iterated as long as corrective action is still possible and give safe evacuation paths and dynamically configure the emergency exit signs to react for real-time instantaneous safe evacuation guidance.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.401-407
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• 2013

In parallel with the development of ship equipment, bridge systems have been improved, but marine accidents due to human error have not been reduced. Recently, research in nautical bridge equipment has focused on suitable ergonomic designs in order to reduce these errors due to human factors. In a bridge of a ship, there are numerous auditory signals that deliver important information clearly to the sailors. However, only a few studies have been conducted related to the human recognition of these auditory signals. There are three types of auditory signals: voice alarms, abstract sounds, and auditory icons. This study was conducted in order to design more appropriate auditory icons using a sensibility evaluation method. The auditory icons were rated to have five warning situations (engine failure, fire, steering failure, low power, and collision) using the Semantic Differential Method. It is expected that the results of this study will be used as basic data for auditory displays inside bridges and for integrated bridge alarm systems.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.155-167
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• 2017

Accurate QPE (Quantitative Precipitation Estimation) and the quality of the rainfall data for hydrological analysis are very important factors. Especially, the quality has a great influence on flood runoff result. It needs to know characteristics of the uncertainties in radar QPE for the reliable flood analysis. The purpose of this study is to present a probabilistic approach which defines the range of possible values or probabilistic distributions rather than a single value to consider the uncertainties in radar QPE and evaluate its applicability by applying it to radar rainfall. This study generated radar rainfall ensemble for the storms by the typhoon 'Sanba' on Namgang dam basin, Korea. It was shown that the rainfall ensemble is able to simulate well the pattern of the rain-gauge rainfall as well as to correct well the overall bias of the radar rainfall. The suggested ensemble technique represented well the uncertainties of radar QPE. As a result, the rainfall ensemble model by a probabilistic approach can provide various rainfall scenarios which is a useful information for a decision making such as flood forecasting and warning.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.670-676
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• 2009

Bankruptcy of firms in Korea can cause distress of financial institutions because these institutions have disterssed bond. Accordingly, social and economical spill-over effects by these results are very big. Even after the difficult times of IMF crisis had ended, bankruptcy of information-based small-medium companies and venture firms listed on the KOSDAQ has been continued. In this context, this study developed and adopted failure prediction models for which discriminant analysis was used. Samples of this study was 81 firms respectively for both failed and non-failed firms listed on the KOSDAQ between the year of 2000 and 2007. The results of this study are as follows. First, the accuracy of classification of the model by years was $74.5%{\sim}76.5%$, and the accuracy of classification of the mean model was $69.6%{\sim}80.4%$. Among the models, the mean model of -one year, -two years, and -three years was highest in accuracy of classification (80.4%). Second, accuracy of prediction of final model adopted on validation samples showed 85% before one year of bankruptcy. The results of this study may be significant in that the results may be used as early warning system for bankruptcy prediction of KOSDAQ firms.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.82-82
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• 2016

가뭄은 장기간에 걸쳐 기상, 수문, 유역조건 등 복잡하고 다양한 요소에 의해 영향을 받아 진행되므로 사전에 인지하고 판단하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 또한, 일단 가뭄이 진행되면 사회 경제적으로 피해가 막대하게 발생할 수 있기 때문에 가뭄이 발생하기 전 효율적으로 모니터링하고 사전에 대응하는 것이 무엇보다도 중요하다. 이러한 가뭄의 피해를 최소화하기 위해 미국에서는 20년 전부터 가뭄감시 및 조기경보를 통한 선제적 가뭄대응 체계를 구축하여 운영 중이지만 우리나라는 그간 '사후피해 최소화' 위주의 정책으로 가뭄에 대응해 왔다. 지난해 우리나라를 포함한 전 세계는 역사상 유례없는 강수량 부족에 따른 가뭄으로 많은 어려움을 겪었다. 이에 따라, 정부는 보다 현실성 있는 가뭄분석과 대응을 목적으로 지난해 11월 국가정책조정회의를 통해 '선제적 가뭄대응'을 위한 가뭄정보분석센터(이하 센터)를 K-water에 신설하였다. 그간 우리나라는 기상청에서 가뭄을 판단하고 예측하기 위해 강수량 또는 토양수분량 등을 활용하는 '가뭄지수'를 통해 가뭄에 대한 정보를 일부 제공해 왔다. 하지만 국민들은 생 공용수 부족 시 가뭄을 체감하게 되므로 '가뭄지수'에 근거한 가뭄 판단으로는 국민이 체감하는 가뭄을 제대로 표현하지 못하는 한계가 있었다. 따라서 '가뭄지수'에 근거한 가뭄 판단으로는 초기 가뭄대응 시 국민적 공감을 얻지 못할 뿐만 아니라 효율적으로 가뭄에 대응하지 못하는 결과까지 초래될 수 있어 우리나라 실정에 맞는 가뭄판단기준과 전망기준마련이 무엇보다 시급하다고 할 수 있다. 센터는 이러한 기존 '가뭄지수'가 갖는 한계를 극복하기 위해 생 공용수의 수급 불균형을 고려하여 우리나라 실정에 맞는 수원별 가뭄판단기준과 전망기준을 마련하였으며, 이를 기반으로 1월에는 충청 및 수도권 지역에 대한 가뭄정보분석시스템을 구축하였고, 3월부터는 전국단위로 확대해 가뭄 예 경보를 시범운영 중에 있다. 또한 센터는 1년동안 시범운영 기간을 거친 후 내년부터는 본격적인 대국민 가뭄 모니터링 및 전망 정보서비스를 제공할 예정이다. 향후에는 위성정보를 활용한 가뭄영향 평가와 가뭄에 따른 물환경 영향 평가 등으로 영역을 확장하여 가뭄 통합정보를 제공하고, 사회적 경제적 영향이 고려된 가뭄평가뿐만 아니라 물리적 기반의 정량적 예측을 지속적으로 추진하여 기후변화에 대응하고 국민과 함께 가뭄문제를 효과적 해결할 수 있도록 노력해 나갈 예정이다.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.267-275
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• 2018

The dredged sediment management system was developed to have an objective, quantitative and scientific decision for the optimum removal time of dredged sediments behind debris barrier and was set up at the real site. The dredged sediment management system is designed and developed to directly measure the dredged sediments behind debris barrier in the field. This management system is composed of Data Acquisition System (DAS), Solar System and measurement units for measuring the weight of dredge sediments. The weight of dredged sediments, the water level and the rainfall are measured in real time using the monitoring sensors, and their data can be transmitted to the office through a wireless communication method. The monitoring sensors are composed of the rain gauge to measure rainfall, the load cell system to measure the weight of dredged sediments, and water level meter to measure the water level behind debris barrier. The management criteria of dredged sediments behind debris barrier was suggested by using the weight of dredged sediments. At first, the maximum weight of dredged sediments that could be deposited behind debris barrier was estimated. And then when 50%, 70% and 90% of the maximum dredged sediments weight were accumulated behind debris barrier, the management criteria were divided into phases of Outlooks, Watch and Warning, respectively. The weight of dredged sediments can be monitored by using the dredged sediment management system behind debris barrier in real time, and the condition of debris barrier and the removal time of dredged sediments can be decided based on monitoring results.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.743-746
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• 2019

In this paper we proposed a new ocean radiation automatic monitoring system. The proposed system has the following characteristics: First, using NaI + PVT mixed detectors, the response speed is fast and precision analysis is possible. Second, the application of temperature compensation algorithm to scintillator-type sensors does not require additional cooling devices and enables stable operation in the changing ocean environment. Third, since cooling system is not needed, electricity consumption is low, and electricity can be supplied reliably by utilizing solar energy, which can be installed at the observation deck of ocean environment. Fourth, using GPS and wireless communications, accurate location information and real-time data transmission function for measurement areas enables immediate warning response in the event of nuclear accidents such as those involving neighboring countries. The results tested by the authorized testing agency to assess the performance of the proposed system were measured in the range of $5{\mu}Sv/h$ to 15mSv/h, which is the highest level in the world, and the accuracy was determined to be ${\pm}8.1%$, making normal operation below the international standard ${\pm}15%$. The internal environmental grade (waterproof) was achieved, and the rate of variation was measured within 5% at operating temperature of $-20^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$ and stability was verified. Since the measured value change rate was measured within 10% after the vibration test, it was confirmed that there will be no change in the measured value due to vibration in the ocean environment caused by waves.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.163-178
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• 2017

Recently, drone applications have been expanded not only in the military and security fields but also in daily life such as commercial and sports, and there is also a growing interest in using drone for private security work. This study focuses on the discussion on the use of drones in private security, drones regulation in the related laws such as the Private Security Act and the Aviation Safety Law, and major issues in accepting the Private Security Act. First, it focuses on the scope of private security work as defined by the Private Security Act, focusing on the use of drones as surveillance, information gathering, guidance and warning services, evacuation services, search and related material transport services, respectively. Second, the related laws for the use of drones in private security work include the Private Security Act and the Aviation Safety Act. However, the Private Security Act does not prescribe the current drones and the use of drones is regulated by Aviation Safety Act. Third, it is necessary to adjust the qualifications and authority range of security guards in the Private Security Act, to accept the drones as a type of security equipment, and to consider how countermeasures against threat types using drones should be accepted in the Private Security Act.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2022

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) are increasing. We analyzed the patterns of drug resistance and tracking period days of acquiring anti-mycobacterial resistance. From January 2010 to December 2019, drug susceptibility tests (DST) were performed by the absolute concentration method using the Löwenstein-Jensen solid medium and pyrazinamidase activity test (to assess pyrazinamide resistance) in samples from patients who were referred to the Green Cross Laboratories in Yongin. Among the cases that showed resistance to one or more anti-tuberculosis drugs, 55 patients (33.1%) were resistant to isoniazid (INH) at the time of initial referral, and the rates for the development of resistant anti-tuberculosis drugs were ethambutol (EMB) (26.6%), rifampicin (RFP) (21.9%), quinolones (QUI) (21.9%) and pyrazinamide (PZA) (10.9%), in that order. In the cases sensitive to all 10 anti-tuberculosis drugs initially, the development of resistance to INH was the most frequent, seen in 43 patients (7.2%). The average follow-up period was 435.6 days, and the resistance development was observed in the order of INH (7.2%), RFP (3.9%), SM (1.9%), QUI (0.7%), amikacin (AMK) (0.5%), and EMB (0.5%). The conversion of susceptible strains to resistant strains is an important warning sign for the patient, especially in cases of conversion to MDR or XDR. This information would be helpful for improving patient care during TB treatment.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.18-29
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• 2022

Recently, cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITS) testbeds have been deployed in great numbers, and advanced autonomous driving research using V2X communication technology has been conducted actively worldwide. In particular, the broadcasting services in their beginning days, giving warning messages, basic safety messages, traffic information, etc., gradually developed into advanced network services, such as platooning, remote driving, and sensor sharing, that need to perform real-time. In addition, technologies improving these advanced network services' throughput and latency are being developed on many fronts to support these services. Notably, this research analyzed the network latency requirements of the advanced network services to develop a remote driving service for the droid type low-speed robot based on the 3GPP C-V2X communication technology. Subsequently, this remote driving service's performance was evaluated using system modeling (that included the operator behavior) and simulation. This evaluation showed that a respective core and access network latency of less than 30 ms was required to meet more than 90 % of the remote driving service's performance requirements under the given test conditions.