• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.63-66
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• 2002

The Flow patterns around two cylinders in various arrangements were studied by a discrete vortex method. The flow for the surface of each cylinder was represented by arranging bound vortices at adequate intervals. The viscous diffusion of fluid was represented by the random walk method. The vortex distributions, streaklines, timelines and velocity vectors around two cylinders were calculated for centre-to-centre pitch rations of P/D=1.5 and 2.5, attack angles of $\alpha=0^{\circ},\;30^{\circ},\;60^{\circ},\;and\;90^{\circ}$, correspond to the photographs by flow visualization and the flow intereference between two cylinders in var ious arrangements was clearly visualized by a numerical simulation.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2007

이 논문에서는 다양한 종류의 응용프로그램에 바로 적용할 수 있는 GPU 레이캐스팅 기법에 기반 하는 효율적인 실시간 지형 렌더링 방법을 제안한다. 여기에서 제안되는 방법은 별도의 메시 구조 없이 이미지(높이맵) 만으로 지형을 표현하는 것이 가능하며, 공중과 지상에서의 활동이 자유로워 가상현실은 물론 게임에 바로 사용할 수 있다. 메시에 기반 하지 않으므로 별도의 LOD조절이 필요하지 않으며, 높이맵과 컬러맵의 해상도에 따라 기하표현의 정밀도와 화질이 결정된다 더욱이 GPU-only 기법은 CPU가 더 일반적인 작업 에 집중할 수 있도록 함으로써 시스템의 전반적인 성능을 향상시킨다. 지금까지 높이맵을 사용한 많은 지형렌더링 관련 연구는 대부분이 상당부분 CPU 의존하거나 그 응용범위를 비행 시뮬레이션 등에 제한하여 왔다. 우리는 기존의 변위매핑 기법을 개선하여 지형 렌더링에 적용함으로써 기존 폴리곤기반 기법에서 나타나던 크랙이나 팝핑 등의 문제점들을 근본적으로 배제하였다. 이 논문이 기여하는 바는 지표면 탐색(walk-through)시의 임의 시선에 대한 효율적 처리와 높이장(height field)의 곡면 재구성을 통한 화질의 획기적인 개선이다. 우리는 재구성된 곡면과 시선의 교차점을 계산하는 효율적인 방법을 제시한다. 우리가 제안하고 있는 알고리듬은100% GPU에서 구현되었으며, $256{\times}226{\sim}4096{\times}4096$까지의 다양한 해상도에서 실험한 결과 초당 수십${\sim}$수백 프레임을 얻었다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2014

This paper describes the obstacle avoidance architecture to walk safely around in factory and home environment, and presents methods for path planning and obstacle avoidance for the humanoid robot. Solving the problem of obstacle avoidance for a humanoid robot in an unstructured environment is a big challenge, because the robot can easily lose its stability or fall down if it hits or steps on an obstacle. We briefly overview the general software architecture composed of perception, short and long term memory, behavior control, and motion control, and emphasize on our methods for obstacle detection by plane extraction, occupancy grid mapping, and path planning. A main technological target is to autonomously explore and wander around in home environments as well as to communicate with humans.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.442-450
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• 2011

장기간 시행된 새만금 건설단계별 환경변화 분석을 위해 3차원 무작위 행보에 의한 입자추적 기법을 이용한 해석이 시도되었다. 방조제 공사로 만경 동진강 및 금강 하구역의 운동 양상이 크게 변화되었다. 변산반도 외해 부근 운동 감소와 호 내 북측구간의 흐름 정체가 특이하다. 조류 이동거리를 건설단계별로 평가한 결과도 유사한 결과를 보인다. 연직혼합형태의 변화 분석을 위해 수온, 염분을 고려한 밀도성층을 재현한 결과 방조제 착공 전 잘 혼합된 연직구조 형태는 공사 중 개방구간 존재 시 부분적으로 혼합된 구조로 변화되고, 완공 후에는 만경 동진강 하구 입구부에 염분쐐기 구역과 호소 측에는 강한 밀도성층이 발생한다. 해석결과 수평방향의 확산과 연직 방향의 혼합능력 감소로 새만금 내외측 수질환경에 부정적 영향으로 작용할 수 있음이 추론된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2016

Purpose: In order to ensure that vegetable seedlings (with a soil block around their roots) are planted in an upright orientation after metering in a vegetable transplanter, they need to be dropped freely from a certain height. The walk-behind hand-tractor-powered machines do not have sufficient space to drop the seedlings from that height. In the present work, a hopper-type planting device was developed for the walk-behind hand-tractor-powered vegetable transplanter to ensure that the soil block seedlings are planted in an upright orientation. Methods: Various dimensionless terms were developed based on the dimensional analysis approach, and their effect on the planting of soil block seedlings in an upright orientation (planting efficiency) was studied. The optimum design dimensions of the hopper-type planting device were identified by the Taguchi method of optimization. Results: The ratio of the height of free fall to the sliding distance of the seedling on the surface of the hopper had the highest influence on planting efficiency. The planting efficiency was highest for plants with a height $15{\pm}2cm$. The plant handling Froude number, in interaction with the design of the hopper-type planting device, also significantly affected the planting efficiency. Of the hopper design factors, the length of the slide of the seedlings on the surface of the hopper was most important, and induced sufficient velocity and rotation to cause the seedling to fall in an upright orientation. An evaluation of the performance of the planting device under actual field conditions revealed that the planting efficiency of the developed planting device was more than 97.5%. Conclusions: As the seedlings were fed to the metering device manually, an increase in planting rate increased missed plantings. The planting device can be adopted for any vegetable transplanter in which the seedlings are allowed to drop freely from the metering device.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2007

This study was designed to examine, applying Rasch analysis based on item response theory, the questionnaires of the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale for the elderly. The subjects were 99 institutional older adults and clients of social welfare facilities. The subjects (17 men, 72 women) ranged in age from 65 to 94 years (mean age 76.5 yrs). The Winsteps software was used to assess whether the ABC scale fits the Rasch model, to estimate the score and to refine the rating scale. The results are as follows. Twenty-two subjects were excluded as misfit persons. Four items were found to be misfits and the order of difficulty of the remaining 12 items was rearranged. Their balance confidence is indicated by -.64~1.12 logit, and the transformation formula is score=[(logit score+2.76)/(2.76+3.48)]${\times}$100. The most difficult item was "Walk outside in icy sidewalks" and the easiest item was "Walk around house." In conclusion, the ABC scale for the elderly has been proven reliable and valid. Therefore, it is expected to be used as an effective examination tool for treatment planning and screening for older adults.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2003

일반 통신용 단일모드 광섬유를 회전 감지용 광섬유로 사용하는 비편광 광섬유 자이로스코프를 제작하고 특성을 측정하였다. 이 자이로스코프의 잡음특성을 계산하여 예측하고, 신호대 잡음비가 최대가 되는 적정 변조진폭 둥의 최적 동작조건을 추출하였다. 자이로의 불규칙잡음계수를 여러 위상차 변조진폭에 대하여 측정한 결과, 위상차 변조진폭이 2.4 rad인 경우에 0.7$\times$$10^{-3}$ deg/√hr의 작은 불규칙잡음계수를 얻을 수 있었으며, 변조진폭에 따른 잡음특성의 경향이 계산에 의한 예측치와 거의 일치하였다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.2312-2320
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• 2005

The aerodynamic effects of leading-edge accretion can raise important safety concerns since the formulation of ice causes severe degradation in aerodynamic performance as compared with the clean airfoil. The objective of this study is to develop a numerical simulation strategy for predicting the particle trajectory around an MS-0317 airfoil in the test section of the NASA Glenn Icing Research Tunnel and to investigate the impingement characteristics of droplets on the airfoil surface. In particular, predictions of the mean velocity and turbulence diffusion using turbulent flow solver and Continuous Random Walk method were desired throughout this flow domain in order to investigate droplet dispersion. The collection efficiency distributions over the airfoil surface in simulations with different numbers of droplets, various integration time-steps and particle sizes were compared with experimental data. The large droplet impingement data indicated the trends in impingement characteristics with respect to particle size ; the maximum collection efficiency located at the upper surface near the leading edge, and the maximum value and total collection efficiency were increased as the particle size was increased. The extent of the area impinged on by particles also increased with the increment of the particle size, which is similar as compared with experimental data.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2008

Popliteal artery injury in blunt trauma of knee joint is not common but poses high rate of amputation due to anatomical characteristics or delayed diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the present study is to review the authors' experiences with this condition and identify factors contributing to disability. We reviewed 7 cases of popliteal artery injury in trauma around knee. Injury mechanism, type of vessel damage, associated injuries, mangled extremity severity scores (MESS), ischemic time and additional treatments were analyzed. Tibial fracture, distal femoral fracture and serious soft tissue defect were combined. Mean MESS was 9.9 point and mean time of revascularization was 7.1 hours. Transfemoral amputation was performed in 2 cases due to vascular insufficiency and devastating infection, and 4 patients were able to walk without any support at the last follow up. Age, the severity of soft tissue injury, ischemic time and MESS are thought to be related to prognosis, and young patients with short ischemic time show best results, but authors experienced one exceptional case. We have to consider multiple factors related to the prognosis in popliteal artery injury with fractures around knee, and careful decision is needed regarding to early amputation.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.49-53
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• 2013

A Markov-chain Monte Carlo sampling algorithm samples a new point around the latest sample due to the Markov property, which prevents it from sampling from multi-modal distributions since the corresponding chain often fails to search entire support of the target distribution. In this paper, to overcome this problem, mode switching scheme is applied to the conventional MCMC algorithms. The algorithm separates the reducible Markov chain into several mutually exclusive classes and use mode switching scheme to increase mixing rate. Simulation results are given to illustrate the algorithm with promising results.