• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 2012

최근 주류 섭취 시 숙취와 관련이 있는 성분인 아세트알데히드, 메탄올 및 퓨젤유를 포함한 휘발성 유해성분에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 또한, 이들 성분들은 과음 시 간질환 및 암을 유발할 수도 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 아세트알데히드는 주류에서 발견되는 휘발성 성분이며 많은 식품에서 향미소재로 사용되고 있으나, 인체에 발암가능 물질로 분류되기도 한다. 특히, 알코올과 같이 섭취 시에는 1급 발암물질로 분류되고 있다. 메탄올은 알코올 발효 중 펙틴 분해 효소에 의해 팩틴의 demethoxylation 기작으로 생성된다. 이에 비해 퓨젤유는 알코올 발효의 부산물로 생성되며, 주류의 주요한 향미성분으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 주류에 포함되어 있는 휘발성 유해성분들이 건강에 미치는 영향, 이들의 최대허용함량 및 다양한 주류에서의 실제 함량, 그리고, 이들의 분석방법에 대해 고찰하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.513-517
• /
• 1999

Problems of secondary pollution and hazardous pollutants have rapidly come to the front in our society during the past few years. More attention should be paid to monitoring and assessment in order to identify the nature of complicated problems, but our air-quality policy is hurriedly seeking for management strategies. A typical example is air quality management in the industrial estates such as those located in Yochon and Ulsan. Yochon Industrial Estate was designated as a special air-quality management area of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in 1996. And VOCs in the air of Ulsan Industrial Estate has been specially controlled since 1997. In this paper, however, it is suggested that hazardous air pollutants(HAPs) rather than VOCs should have been managed in the industrial estates. History of studies on organic compounds in the air of the industrial estates is reviewed. A stepwise approach for air quality management in the industrial estates is recommended.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.479-485
• /
• 1996

Volatile organic compounds are air pollutants exhausting from industrial process, evaporation of solvent, and so on. Most of VOCs are the combustible gas of low calorific value as it is diluted by air. The systems burning such a hazardous gas need to increase enthalpy in order to increase flame stability. In this study an incinerator with reciprocating flow in the honeycomb ceramic has been used for the experiment of VOCs control. By the reciprocating flow system, the enthalpy of combustion gas is effectively regenerated into the enthalpy increases of the combustible gas through the honeycomb ceramic, which provides a heat storage. The position of the reaction zone is strongly dependent on the parameters of mixture velocity and time frequency. Flame front is changed to the point where burning velocity is coincided with burning velocity in the honeycomb ceramic. In this system it is important that flame front should be located symmetrically at the center of honeycomb ceramic for the purpose of increasing the reaction rate at one point. Peak temperature becomes higher with decreasing time frequency, at which the flow direction is regularly reversed.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2013

Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) are difficult to measure, analyze and assess for risk because of low ambient concentrations and varieties. Types of HAPs are Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and Aldehydes. HAP emissions from vehicles are a contributor to serious adverse health effects in urban areas. In this study, hazardous air pollutant emissions from road transport vehicles by Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) weight fraction and PAHs emission factors are estimated in 2008. The top-five-most hazardous air pollutant emissions were estimated to toluene 864.3 ton/yr, acrolein 690.6 ton/yr, acetaldehyde 554.5 ton/yr, formaldehyde 498.7 ton/yr, propionaldehyde 421.6 ton/yr in 2008. The results for a cancer and non-cancer risk assessment of HAPs emissions show that the major cancer driver is formaldehyde and the non-cancer driver is acrolein.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.18-25
• /
• 2011

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde of newly-built school classroom indoor air on the neurobehavioral functions of students. The elementary schools that were opened in September 2008(as of September 2008) was selected for newly-built school and the elementary school that were opened in March 2006 was selected for control group schools. The concentration of formaldehyde(HCHO), a hazardous organic compound that exists in the air of classrooms, exceeded the standard value of $108.2{\mu}g/m^3$ in newly-built schools while it was $60.8{\mu}g/m^3$ in control group schools, which is around 60% of the standard concentration. However, the concentration of the total volatile organic compounds(TVOCs) was $788.9{\mu}g/m^3$ and $756.1{\mu}g/m^3$ in newly-built schools and control group schools respectively, which are approximately two times higher than the standard concentration. In newly-built schools, the mean reaction time of additions and symbol digit, respectively 3,020ms and 2,398ms in pre-exposure were increased to 3,167ms and 2,514ms respectively in post-exposure. The difference of mean reaction time between pre and post exposure was 146.8 ms, or 4.6%, and 116.7ms, or 4.8%, respectively, showing statistically-significant increase of reaction time(p<0.05). On the contrary, the difference of reaction time of both tests were not statistically significant in the control group schools. These results showed that the neurobehavioral performance of newly-built schools students were affected by volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde of classroom indoor air.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.371-380
• /
• 2022

Objectives: To ensure that employers handling petroleum compounds understand whether petroleum-based UVCB (unknown or variable composition, complex reaction products, or biological materials) substances contain hazardous substances and comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Act, petroleum-based UVCB substances were analyzed and the results from samples were compared with MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) contents. Methods: Twenty-one petroleum samples were analyzed using GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry), targeting ten volatile organic compounds regulated by the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Results: The target chemicals were detected in 13 out of 21 samples. All 13 samples were in the naphtha (low boiling point naphthas (gasolines)) group. There were also naphtha group samples containing 2% benzene. Some naphtha samples used as solvents contained about 1% benzene. Conclusions: This study shows that naphtha group petroleum substances contain hazardous chemicals in many cases. In particular, if benzene, n-hexane, and toluene with low occupational exposure limits are contained above the limit concentration. Such information should be delivered in the article on MSDS legal regulations.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.202-211
• /
• 2021

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) have been regulated by the Air Pollution Control Act (1978) and their atmospheric concentrations have been monitored in 39 monitor sites in Korea. However, measurement standards of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in HAPs at ambient levels have not been established in Korea. Primary reference gas mixtures (measurement standards) at ambient levels are required for accurately monitoring atmospheric VOCs in HAPs and managing their emissions. In this study, primary reference gas mixtures (PRMs) at 5 nmol/mol were developed in order to establish primary national standards of VOCs in HAPs at ambient levels. Primary reference gas mixtures (PRMs) were prepared in pressurized aluminum cylinders with special internal surface treatment using gravimetric method. Analytical methods using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) coupled with a cryogenic preconcentrator were also developed to verify the consistency of gravimetrically prepared HAP VOCs PRMs. Three different columns installed in the GC-FID were evaluated and compared for the retention times and separation of eighteen target components in a chromatogram. Results show that the HAP VOCs PRMs at 5 nmol/mol were consistent within a relative expanded uncertainty (k=2) of less than 3 % except acrylonitrile (less than 6 %) and the 18 VOCs were stable for 1 year within their associated uncertainties.

• 한국산업안전학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국안전학회 1999년도 춘계 학술논문발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.271-276
• /
• 1999

미국을 비롯한 선진국들은 이미 휘발성 유기화합물(volatile organic compounds) 과 독성 중금속(toxic metals)을 비롯한 유해 대기오염물(hazardous air pollutants)에 대해 ATEOS (Airborne Toxic Element and Organic Species), TEAM(Total Exposure Assessment Measurement) 연구등의 대규모 연구를 통하여 인체에 미치는 영향이 가장 큰 물질군이 휘발성 유기화합물임을 밝혀낸 바 있다. (중략)

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경보건학회 2004년도 International Conference Global Environmental Problems and their Health Consequences
• /
• pp.223-226
• /
• 2004

Building materials emit high concentration volatile organic compounds(VOCs), formaldehyde(HCHO) and other hazardous air pollutants(HAPs) to indoor environment. Average value of VOCs and HCHO emission concentration were $3,770\;{\mu}g/m^3$, $430\;{\mu}g/m^3$ in newly buildings, respectively. VOCs and HCHO emission characteristic are high emission level at initial time and decreased in course of time.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.114-121
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentrations of volatile organic compounds at elementary, middle, and high schools in Ulsan and its surroundings. Methods: To assess the hazardous chemicals of the 66 classrooms in the 22 schools, the 6 volatile organic compounds such as TVOCs (Total Volatile Organic Compounds), benzene, toluene, xylene, ethyl benzene and stylene were measured and analyzed from the beginning of May to the end of December, 2009. Results: The mean concentrations of TVOCs in the elementary schools were higher than those of middle and high schools, and multi-purpose classrooms was higher than that in general ones. The benzene and toluene level in schools in Dong-Gu in the vicinity of assorted industrial complexes was higher than that of schools located in other districts around the Ulsan Metropolitan Area. Conclusion: In case of schools in Ulsan Metropolitan Area, elementary school, schools in Dong-Gu, and multipurpose classrooms over general classrooms should be given a high priority for the management of volatile organic compounds.