• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.129-132
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• 2003

Chlorine gas is highly irritating gas that, when inhaled, can damage larger airways as well as distal lung structure. It occurs usually result in mild ocular, oropharyngeal, or respiratory symptom and recovery may proceed slow for several weeks. We reported four cases of dysphonia due to acute chlorine inhalation during a swimming pool accident were treated by voice therapy and medication.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1993.05a
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• pp.71-71
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• 1993

Diplophonia is produced by the voice of two separate tones and produced through quasi-periodic variations in the vocal cord vibration. Diplophonia is generally regarded as a symptom of laryngeal pathology. The difference in the vibratory frequency between the vocal cords can be seen in a tension imbalance and a difference in the level of the vocal folds under the special condition such as incomplete glottal closure. So authors have experienced 19 cases of patient with diplophonia for the unilateral vocal cord paralysis, intracordal cysts and other mass lesions. And we analysed the diplophonic voice with peak variability and noise level for the quasi-periodic waveforms and spectrograms pre-and postoperatively.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.157-164
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• 1990

The results of the investigation of literature were summerized as follows ; 1. The factors of cough caused by cold-evil were revealed as the following order cold weather and drinking cold water, the disease caused by exoganous cold-evil and wind-evil, Lung affected by cold-evil, both spleen and lung avoided by cold-evil 2. The symptom of cough caused by cold-evil were appeared as follows. Tense pulse, Tense chest-voice hoarsness, intolerance to cold, fever anhidrosis fidgetiness nonthirst cough caused by cold-evil 3. The treatment of cough caused by cold-evil were showeding as follws Cleaning away cold-evil eliminating the pholegm, dispelling exogenous evils, making warm-heat 4. The prescription of 'Han So' were used frequently as the orders followed

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.135-140
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• 2016

To help emergency medical dispatchers receive rapid and accurate identification and corrective action status determination of an emergency call, and to support the automatic processing of a voice recognition system to the Korean emergency medical dispatch system, emergency call records were analyzed. Furthermore, a list of Korean symptoms expression were produced and the characteristics of the symptoms that appear on the actual wording of the telephone records were identified. This language list and its characteristics will be useful for training emergency medical dispatchers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.96-99
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• 2017

Background and Objectives : The management of Reinke's edema includes usually medical treatment and voice therapy. Laryngomicrosurgery (LMS) is also necessary, especially to improve airway obstruction. However, voice outcome after LMS has not been determined well. The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of LMS for Reinke's edema and analyze the voice outcomes after LMS. Materials and Methods : Twenty-five patients with Reinke's edema who underwent LMS from September 2007 to December 2016 were enrolled in this study. We analyzed reflux finding score (RFS), reflux symptom index (RSI), and acoustic parameters before and after surgery. Results : Male was 15 (60%) and female was 10 (40%), and mean age was 49.6 years. Preoperative mean value of RFS decreased significantly up to 3 months after LMS ($18.3{\pm}2.2$ and $10.0{\pm}2.2$ at preoperative and 3 months postoperatively, respectively). The mean value of Jitter decreased significantly before and after surgery ($2.71{\pm}2.81%$ and $1.06{\pm}1.21%$ before and after LMS, p=0.041). The mean value of Shimmer also decreased significantly before and after surgery ($7.97{\pm}3.63%$ and $4.83{\pm}1.85%$, respectively, p=0.006). Conclusion : LMS is effective in the treatment of Reinke's edema. It results in favorable acoustic outcomes and laryngoscopic findings in properly selected patients.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.7B
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• pp.834-840
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• 2011

Chronic diseases is being increased attention to threatening the elements healthy life of elderly population in modem society. Especially, Chronic diseases caused by diabetes and hypertension is destroyed kidney. In this case, subjective symptom is not little. So if health is worsened, hemodialysis, artificial organs, transplant an organ etc. should be treated as a dangerous diseases. Therefor, a patients receiving hemodialysis of diabetes and hypertension studied on the effects to regularity of amplitude and rate vibration of vocal cords in hemodialysis in this paper. To do this, a diabetic and hypertensive patients don't have a problem with pronunciation selected as of the subjects and their voices collected before and after hemodialysis. We studied on the effects of voice analysis to apply regularity of amplitude and rate vibration of vocal cords. In conclusion, we extracted a result that voice after than before hemodialysis is relatively low in voice measures values a regularity of amplitude and rate vibration of vocal cords.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2007

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is the retrograde movement of gastric contents into the larynx, pharynx, and upper aero-digestive tract. LPR differs from gastroesophageal reflux in that it is often not associated with heartburn and regurgitation symptoms. Otolaryngological manifestations of acid reflux include a wide range of pharyngeal and laryngeal symptoms. Belafsky et al. developed a useful self-administered tool, the reflux symptom index (RSI), for assessing the degree of LPR symptoms. Patients are asked to use a 0 to 5 point scale to grade the following symptoms: 1) hoarseness or voice problems; 2) throat clearing; 3) excess throat mucus or postnasal drip ; 4) difficulty swallowing; 5) coughing after eating or lying down; 6) breathing difficulties ; 7) troublesome or annoying cough; 8) sensation of something sticking or a lump in the throat; 9) heartburn, chest pain, indigestion or stomach acid coming up. A RSI score greater than 13 is considered abnormal. As there is no validated instrument to document the physical findings and severity of LPR, Belafsky et al. developed an eight-item clinical severity scale for judging laryngoscopic finding, the reflux finding score (RFS). They rated eight LPR-associated findings on a scale from 0 to 4 : subglottic edema, ventricular obliteration, erythema/hyperemia, vocal-fold edema, diffuse laryngeal edema, posterior commissure hypertrophy, granuloma/granulation tissue, and thick endolaryngeal mucus. A RFS score of greater than 7 was found to suggest LPR-associated laryngitis. Although both indices (RSI and RFS) are widely used, there is some controversy about their validity (sensitivity and specificity) and reliability (intra-rater and inter-rater) in LPR diagnosis and treatment. We discuss the validity and reliability of RSI and RFS with literature review.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.239-244
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• 1997

Among the patients presented with the chief complaint of voice change, the one with unilaterally injected vocal fold was occasionally found at the out patient clinic. The most patients had rarely improved in symptom with conservative treatment under the impression of chronic laryngitis. Some papers were reported that the injected vocal fold(s) is due to laryngeal tuberculosis hick is sometimes associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. We investigated six patients presented unilaterally injected vocal fold with videolaryngoscope and performed histopathologic confirm with laryngeal biopsy respectively. There were low cases of laryngeal tuberculosis, one case of squamous cell carcinoma and one case of chronic larngitis. Proper management was done according to the tissue diagnosis. Pretretment and posttreatment videolaryngoscopic findings as well as some literature review were done.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.640-648
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• 2022

Menopausal women have to care for their health. Menopause is a symptom that needs to be managed in the long term, which requires safe and economical treatment even after long term use. This study proposes digital-based exercise therapy. This study also suggests resistance exercise and walking exercise methods according to the proof of previous studies. It provides motivational contents for those who cannot perform regularly. As motivational methods, self-efficacy and narrative-based history methods are accepted. Self-efficacy is improved through voice agents feedback during exercise. Feedback is a type of messages such as encouragement and motivation. The narrative-based history consists of characters of visualization that improves through values, which leveraged by the exercise.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.166-171
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• 2022

Background and Objectives Vocal fold (VF) scar is known to be the most common cause of dysphonia after laryngeal microsurgery (LMS). Steroids reduce postoperative scar formation by inhibiting inflammation and collagen deposition. However, the clinical evidence of whether steroids are helpful in reducing VF scar formation after LMS is still lacking. The purpose of this study is to determine whether intralesional VF steroid injection after LMS helps to reduce postoperative scar formation and voice quality. Materials and Method This study was conducted on 80 patients who underwent LMS for VF polyp, Reinke's edema, and leukoplakia. Among them, 40 patients who underwent VF steroid injection after LMS were set as the injection group, and patients who had similar sex, age, and lesion size and who underwent LMS alone were set as the control group. In each group, stroboscopy, multi-dimensional voice program, Aerophone II, and voice handicap index (VHI) were performed before and 1 month after surgery, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of sex, age, symptom duration, occupation and smoking status between each group. Both groups consisted of VF polyp (n=21), Reinke's edema (n=11), and leukoplakia (n=9). On stroboscopy, the lesion disappeared after surgery, and the amplitude and mucosal wave were symmetrical on both sides of the VFs in all patients. Acoustic parameters and VHI significantly improved after surgery in all patients. However, there was no significant difference between the injection and control group in most of the results. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the results of stroboscopy, acoustic, aerodynamic, and subjective evaluation before and after surgery in the injection group and the control group.