• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.411.2-411.2
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• 2002

In order to develope an optimum formulation for iontophoretic delivery of vitamine-C-2 phosphate. we have prepared 3 different formulations using hydrophilic polymers, such as poloxamer, carbo pol and HPMC and iontophoretic flux through skin from these hydrogel formulations was carried out. The effect of current density, drug concentration and current profile on flux was investigated. In-vitro flux study was performed at 36.5$^{\circ}C$, using side-by-side diffusion cell. Full-thickness hairless mouse skin was used for this work. (omitted)

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2007

In order to develop an optimum formulation for iontophoretic delivery of vitamine C-2-phosphate (VCP) from Carbopol hydrogel, we have investigated various factors which can affect the iontophoretic flux through skin. Such factors as drug concentration, current density, current profile, current duration, ionic strength, pH and percutaneous enhancers (ethanol, glycerine, propylene glycerol, sorbitol, urea) were studied. Compared to the flux by passive or anodal delivery, the flux by cathodal delivery increased markedly, and thus, only cathodal delivery was used in the rest of the flux experiments. Flux increased linearly as the drug concentration and current density increased. As the duration of current application increased from 30 min to 120 min, flux increased linearly, however the AUC was not directly proportional to the applied amount of current. Flux also increased as the pH increased, possibly due to the increase in ionization of phosphate group. As the ionic strength increased, flux decreased. No significant increase in flux was observed after enhancer application, indicating that the effect of current on flux is dominating over the effect of percutaneous enhancers (P>0.05). These results provide important informations that are needed for optimal formulation of iontophortic delivery for VCP.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2004

In order to develop an optimum formulation for iontophoretic flux of vitamine C 2-phosphate (VCP), we have prepared three different hydrogels containing VCP, using carbopol, HPMC and poloxamer, and iontophoretic flux through hairless mouse skin from these hydrogels was carried out. Drug stability in phosphate buffer (PBS) solution (pH 7.4) with and without current application was studied. The effect of various factors, such as drug concentration, current density, and current profile on skin flux was also investigated. Stability study indicated that VCP in PBS (pH 7.4) solution was stable under the experimental condition, irrespective of the presence of current. Cathodal delivery increased the flux markedly, whereas the anodal and passive flux was negligible. Thus, cathodal delivery was used in all experiments. Flux increased as the drug concentration (2.5, 5.0, 7.5%) and current density $(0.2,\;0.4,\;0.6\;mA/cm^2)$ increased. Pulsed application of the current showed lower flux than constant current application. The results obtained suggest that VCP can be delivered into the skin and the amount delivered can be controlled by varying hydrogel, current density, drug concentration and current application profile.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.94-98
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• 1973

1. 품종은 노지에서 재배한 복수2호를 사용하였으며 1971년과 1972년 2회에 걸쳐 Tomato 과실의 성숙시기별 호흡량변황 및 저장중 성분변화에 대하여 조사하였다. 2. 환경압력조절에 의한 Tomato 과실의 호흡억제효과는 SAP 구중 660 Torr. 구가 가장 효과적이었다. 3. 성장중 성숙시기별로 채취한 Tomato의 호흡량 변화는 각채취시기별로 차이가 있었으며 Tomato의 일대에 있어서 시기별 숙기에 이른 과실을 경과일수에 따라 호흡량을 조사하면 전체적으로 호흡량의 증감이 sigmoid 형으로 나타났으며 하나의 climacteric pattern을 나타내 주고 있다. 4. 성장중 성숙시기별로 채취한 Tomato 과실의 환경압력변화에 의한 영향은 어느시기에서나 NAP구보다 SAP구의 호흡량이 적었으며 전 기간중 동일한 경향으로 호흡억제 효과가 있었다. 5. 저장중 Tomato 과실의 중량변화는 NAP 구가 SAP 구보다 현저하며 산, 당 및 Vitamine-C의 변화에 있어서는 SAP구가 NAP구 보다 감소율이 적었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제35권4호통권139호
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• pp.357-363
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• 2004

Flavonoids are class of polyphenolic compounds widely distributed in the plant kingdom, which display a variety of biological activities, including antiviral, antithrombotic, antiiflammatory, antihistaminic, antioxidant and free-radical scavenging abilities. To determined flavonoid, myricetin in the presence of other antioxidants - vitamin C and vitamin E - can exert antioxidative properties not only directly by modulating the AOE system but also scavenging free radical, we investigated cell viability, antioxidant enzyme activities and ROS level in B16F10 murine melanoma cell. B16F10 cells were exposed to medium containing myricetin in the presence or absence of vitamin C or vitamin E for a period of 24 hr. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. In co-treating myricetin with other antioxidants, CAT activities were increased, compared with control, but SOD and GPx activities were decreased, compared with each antioxidant treated groups . In the group of myricetin or myricetin present with other antioxidants, ROS levels were decreased dose-dependently. Especially, myricetin present of other antioxidants were decreased compared with myricetin.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.64-67
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 홍삼에 함유되어 있는 총 phenolic화합물을 정량하기 위하여 Folin-Denis방법을 사용하였으며, 이 때 정량에 방해를 줄 수 있는 물질에 대해서 조사하였고 홍삼분말로부터 phenolic 화합물 추출조건을 조사하였다. 아미노산중에서는 tyrosine, cystein 및 tryptophan이 영향을 미쳤고, 여러 가지 유기산, 당류 및 ginsenosides는 거의 영향을 미치지 않았다. 비타민 중에서는 vitimln B$_{12}$, d-biotin, D-pantothenic acid, niacinamide, nicotinic acid, vitamine A palmitate, vitamine D$_3$ 등을 제외한 비타민은 발색에 영향을 미쳤다. 홍삼으로부터 phenolic 화합물을 추출하기 위한 추출조건은 60% ethanol을 사용해서 80。C에서 1-2시간씩 3회 정도 추출이 적당하다고 판단된다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.91-103
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• 1998

건강식품의 일종으로 알려져 있는 녹즙의 소비가 크게 증가하는 추세에 있기 때문에 이들 식음료를 통한 질산염 섭취량이 일일 섭취량 계산에서 무시될 수 없을 뿐만 아니라 질산염의 일일 섭취량 계산을 위해서도 녹즙종류별 ${NO_3}^-$ 함량에 대한 기초자료가 필요하다. 이에 녹즙의 모재료인 채소의 종류별, 수확시기별, 부위별 혼합지율 및 생산회사, 저장조건에 따른 녹즙의 함량차이에 일련의 실험과 monitoring을 실시하였던 바 그 결과를 이에 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 녹즙의 주요 모재료 채소인 명일엽과 케일의 ${NO_3}^-$ 함량은 봄철이 여름이나 가을에 수확되는 경우보다 훨씬 높은 수준이었다. 명일엽의 경우 년중 최대치는 년중 최저치에 비해 4.85배나 높았고, 케일의 경우 2.9배 높았다. 명일엽과 케일의 ${NO_3}^-$ 함량 년중평균치는 1.731ppm, 5403ppm으로 케일이 명일엽에 비해 3.12배나 높은 수준을 나타냈다. 2. ${NO_3}^-$함량은 중록이 엽신에 비해 명일엽은 7.5배, 케일은 2.1배나 많아 녹즙내 저수준 ${NO_3}^-$ 함량을 위해서는 중록보다는 엽신을 녹즙의 모재료로 사용하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 나타났다. 3. ${NO_3}^-$ 함량과 Vitamin C 함량차이는 저장온도조건에 따른 차이보다는 저장기간에 따른 차이가 뚜렷이 나타났다. 저장기간중의 녹즙의 ${NO_3}^-$ 함량과 Vitamin C 함량은 당근녹즙, 케일녹즙, 오이 녹즙 모두 실온 및 냉장 저장조건에 서정의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 4. 착즙후 ${NO_3}^-$ 함량의 급격한 하락현상은 실온저장의 경우 오이 2시간, 케일 4시간, 당근녹즙 32시간 이후에 나타났으나, 실온 및 냉장보관의 경우 모든 녹즙에서 2시간부터 나타났다. Vitamin C 함량은 ${NO_3}^-$ 함량에 비해 완만히 저하하는 경향이었으나, 당근녹즙의 경우 상대적으로 가장 급격히 낮아졌다. 5. 조사 대상 녹즙회사중 P사의 녹즙이 ${NO_3}^-$ 함량과 Vitamin C 함량 모두 가장 높았고, TW사의 녹즙이 가장 낮았다. ${NO_3}^-$ 함량과 Vitamin C 함량이 GB사 녹즙에서 다함께 P사 녹즙에 비해 같은 경향으로 낮았다는 것은 제조과정에서 일정한 량의 물과 혼합하였기 때문에 나타나는 현상이라고 판단되었다. 6. 녹즙 종류별 ${NO_3}^-$ 함량은 당근녹즙(143ppm) < 명일엽(506ppm) < 돌미나리(669ppm) < 케일녹즙(985ppm) 순으로 많았고, Vitamin C 함량은 당근(43ppm) < 돌미나리(289ppm) < 케일(353ppm) < 명일엽(768ppm)의 순으로 높았다. 7. 일일 ${NO_3}^-$ 섭취량은 500ml의 녹즙을 마시는 경우 명일엽 253mg, 돌미나리 335mg, 케일 483mg으로 녹즙만으로도 이미 WHO/FAO의 일일 ${NO_3}^-$ 섭취허용량보다 1.16배, 1.53배, 2.21배나 초과할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2008

돌나물 수집종간 생육특성과 비타민 C함량 및 항산화활성을 비교하기 위하여, 13 지역종을 포장에 삽목재배하였다. 금산, 부천, 용인, 포천 지역종은 줄기가 가늘고 초장이 길며, 잎은 좁고 긴 타원형으로 다른 지역종들과 형태적 차이를 보였으며, 완주와 군산 지역 종은 초장과 절간장이 짧고, 개화기에도 꽃이 피지 않았다. 비타민 C 함량은 $407.8-434.4mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$의 범위로 광양, 부안, 완주, 군산 지역종에서 높았으나, 수집종간 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 항산화 활성을 나타내는 전자공여능(EDA)은 생체추출물($45.0{\sim}66.5%$)에서보다 동결건조 추출물($61.3{\sim}66.5%$)에서 높았으며, 광양, 순천, 완도 지역종들이 다른 지역종에 비하여 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 비타민 C함량 및 항산화 활성은 광양 지역종에서 가장 높았다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.167-180
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate quality characteristics of chopped garlic stored at various temperature. Chopped garlic was stored at room temp.($25^{\circ}C$), refrigerator temp.($5^{\circ}C$) and frozen temp. ($-18^{\circ}C$) for 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, 72 hours(room temp.) and 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30 days(refrigerator temp. and frozen temp.), respectively. Brown color, Hunter color value, vitamine C contents and flavor patterns by electronic noes of chopped garlic were measured. Fresh chopped garlic was used as control and garlic powder by hot air drying was used for comparisons. Brown color of chopped garlic increased with increasing storage time, and the intensity of that was reduced as following order such as chopped garlic stored at room temp., refrigerator temp. and frozen temp. Brown color of garlic powder was most dark amomg all the samples. The results of Hunter color value was consistent with then of brown color in chopped garlic, whereas those of garlic powder showed relatively low browning. Above results might be caused by the difference of measurement as only surface color was measured in Hunter color value unlike brown color. Vitamine C contents of chopped garlic decreased with increasing storage time, and in particular those stored at room temp. decreased markedly as retention of those stored at room temp. was 60％ of control after 1 day storage. Vitamine C retention of chopped garlic stored at refrigerator temp. was 78％ of control after 10 day storage and that stored at frozen temp. was 86％ of control after 30 day storage. At room temp., flavor pattern by electronic nose showed a difference between chopped garlic stored for 1hour and control, and showed occurrence of off odor after 1 day storage. Flavor pattern of garlic powder by electronic nose showed a mild flavor. Flavor patterns of chopped garlic stored at refrigerator temp. were similiar until 10 day storage, whereas those showed occurrence of volitile components after 15 day storage. Flavor patterns of chopped garlic stored at frozen temp. were similiar after 30 day storage, and especially those after 3 day storage were almost the same as control. Therefore it is desirable to store chopped garlic within 1 day at room temp. and within 10 days at refrigerator temp. And it is most desirable to store chopped garlic at frozen temp. as retention of quality characteristics was superior than other storage temp.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2000

This study was carried out to prove the effects of SPS on antioxidants, iching by histamine in human model and skin stimulus. The result were obtained as follows : 1. Antioxidants of SPS is better than Vitamine C and is not less than BHT(Dibutylated Hydroxytoluene). 2. Inhibitory effect of iching by histamine is better than Dermobate. 3. Skin stimulus is not in ROAT(Repeated Open Application Test).