• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.263-269
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• 1998

This study was investigated to see the microbiological results(total plate counts, coliforms) and vitamin C contents in cooking five kinds of raw and cooked vegetables, contributing to a data base for making better environment for foodservice, dividing cooking methods into two ways which was generally used at industrial foodservice institutions. Namul and Saengchae, especially Radish Saengchae, seasoned with red pepper powder after seasoning showed higher level of total plate counts and coliforms than guide line. After holding, just before serving, most Namul and Saengchae, except Bean sprout Muchim, showed higher microbiological level than guide line, Saengchae seasoned with soybean, salt, and red pepper paste and Radish Saengchae seasoned with salt and vinegar showed high level of vitamin C remaining rate. By the result of this study, better sanitary treatment and scientific cooking method is demanded when Namuls of Saenchaes are prepared with served in industrial foodservice institutions.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative potential of Korean wild leaf vegetables. Antixoidative activity of chamchwi (Aster scaber), nurucchwi (Pleurospermum kamtschaticum) sumssukbujengee (Aster glheni), moshidae (Adenophora remotiflora), spinach (Spinacia oleracea)k was evaluated as a reference for commonly used synthetic antioxidant, BHA. We compared the content of $\beta$-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E as antioxidant vitamins, and total phenolic compound including flavonoid as non-vitamin compounds in Korean wild leaf vegetables and spinach. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value of Pleurospermum kamtschaticum, Aster scaber and Adenophora remotiflor was only 18-20% of control. TBA value of Aster glheni was 40% of control. On the basis of moles, the high level of vitamin C is the major contributor to the total antioxidant vitamin contents of Pleurospermum kamschaticum and Adenophora remotiflor. The amounts of flavonoid as well as total phenolic compound in Pleurospermum kamtschaticum and Adenophora remotiflor were also much higher than those of spinach. The amounts of flavonoid as well as total phenolic compound in Aster glheni were much higher than those of spinach while total amount of antioxidant vitamins was significantly lower than that of spinach. These results suggest that Pleurospermum kamtschaticum and Adenophora remotiflor could have antioxidative potency in food. Because of the higher content of antioxidant vitamins in Pleurospermum kamtschaticum and Adenophora remotiflor, these Korean wild leaf vegetables may have preventive effects on degenerative diseases, which have been associated with free radical mediated events.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2009

포도가공 시 발생되는 부산물인 포도씨로부터 유용성분인 vitamin E 및 tocotrienol을 초임계 유체추출방법으로 최적화 하였다. 추출 온도(30-$50^{\circ}C$, $X_1$), 추출압력(17-25MPa, $X_2$) 및 추출시간(1-5 hr, $X_3$)을 변수로 반응표면 분석법으로 vitamin E 및 tocotrienol 함량을 측정하였다. 초임계 이산화탄소상에서 vitamin E 및 tocotrienol 함량은 추출온도, 압력 및 시간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다 (plt;0.001). 각각의 추출조건 가운데 $40^{\circ}C$, 20 MPa 및 5 hr에서 vitamin E는 8.65 mg/100 g 그리고 tocotrienol은 7.88 mg/100 g으로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 반응표면분석에 의한 최적추출조건은 $40^{\circ}C$, 20.7MPa 및 3.8 hr으로 나타났으며, 이 때의 vitamin E 및 tocotrienol 함량은 각각 8.20 mg/100 g 및 7.42 mg/100 g으로 나타났다. Vitamin E 및 tocotrienol 함량에 대한 실측값은 통계적 예측값의 각각 99.27-106.10% 및 96.09-106.60%로 나타나 추출조건의 유효성이 인정되었다. 또한 유기용매 추출시 vitamin E 및 tocotrienol 함량은 각각 8.18 mg/100 g 및 7.24 mg/100 g이었다. 따라서 용매추출법과 초임계 이산화탄소 추출법을 비교했을 때 초임계 이산화탄소 추출법을 이용하는 것이 더 효과적으로 vitamin E 및 tocotrienol을 추출할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2003

This study was conducted to compare the nutrient content of rice-based meals and wheat-based meals. The subjects consisted of elementary school children, middle school students, high school students, college students and adults living in the Miryang and Daegu area. A dietary survey was conducted using a 24-hour recall method and data were collected from 941 subjects. Nutrient contents were analyzed by CAN Pro. All nutrient contents in rice-based meals, except vitamin B2, were higher than those in wheat-based meals. But lipid and cholesterol contents of wheat-based meals were higher than those in rice-based meals. Comparing age groups, all nutrient contents obtained from rice-based meals, except vitamin B group, were higher than those in wheat-based meals in all age groups except the adult group. In the adult group, protein, fiber, vitamin A, niacin and vitamin C were consumed higher from rice-based meals, but energy, lipid, calcium, iron, vitamin B and cholesterol were consumed higher from wheat-based meals. lipid and cholesterol contents of wheat-based meals were higher than those of rice-based meals in all age groups, except elementary school children. When compared the nutrient intakes of Korean RDA, major nutritional problems of each age groups were due to the inadequate intakes of calcium and iron. And all nutrient contents, except vitamin B group, in wheat-based meals were very low in every age group.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.420-425
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• 2007

본 연구는 저장전 비타민 C 처리가 엔디브, 청로레인, 청경채, 적로메인, 롤롤로사, 쌈추의 베이비채소의 저장성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 비타민 C 처리는 수확 전 3차례 실시한 엽면살포와 수확한 베이비 채소의 세척과정에서 5분간 침지하는 두 가지 방법으로 실시하였다. 비타민 세척과 재배중 엽면살포 처리 후 6가지 베이비채소의 비타민 C 함량은 저장전에는 모두 비타민 C 처리구에서 대조구보다 높았으나 저장후 일정한 경향이 없어 모두 저장 전에 비해 감소하였다. 생체중 변화의 경우 6가지 베이비 채소 모두에서 처리간 큰 차이는 없었으나 쌈추와 롤롤로사의 경우 대조구에 비해 비타민 처리구의 생체중 감소가 다소 적었고, 외관상 품질의 경우 비타민 C 침지 처리구에서 일부 효과가 보였으나 대조구와 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 포장내 이산화탄소와 산소농도는 비타민 처리로 인한 큰 변화는 없었으며, 에틸렌 농도 역시 처리간 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 베이비 채소 재배 중 혹은 세척 중 실시한 비타민 C 처리는 베이비 채소의 기능성의 향상의 효과는 있었으나 저장성 향상에는 큰 영향을 주지 못하였다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.306-314
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• 2005

This study was carried out to examine physicochemical characteristics of three kinds of commercial spinach produced from three areas(Gyeongbuk Yeongdeok Younghea, Gyeongnam Tongyeong Yongnam, Gyeongnam Tongyeong Gwangdo) in autumn of 2004. The length, weight, moisture, minerals, oxalic acid, chlorophyll, vitamin C, and Hunter's color values of spinach leaves and stem; were determined. Mg, Ca, Na, K, chlorophyll, and vitamin C contents of leaves were higher than those of stems. On the other hand, stem; showed higher contents in Fe, P and oxalic acid Moisture, Mg, Na, Fe, chlorophyll, and vitamin C contents in the spinach leaves from Gwangdo were higher than those from Yongnam and Younghea, but oxalic acid lower a little.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.574-579
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• 2016

Objectives: Vitamin C has various functions such as antioxidative effect and supporting absorption of iron (Fe). Aim of this present study was to provide vitamin C nutrition information and to briefly evaluate absorption interaction of vitamin C and Fe content of vitamin C emphasized products. Methods: Vitamin C emphasized foods including beverages, cereal, snacks, chocolate products, other cocoa products, and sugary products were examined by HPLC. Fe contents in samples after dry-ashing were examined by ICP. Results: Vitamin C content ranges in various products tested were the following: beverages (n=11) $20.15{\pm}0.08{\sim}845.41{\pm}6.07mg$, cereal (n=11) $52.50{\pm}0.23{\sim}262.50{\pm}0.07mg$, snacks (n=1) $50.00{\pm}0.25mg$, chocolate products (n=1) $311.73{\pm}2.44mg$, other cocoa products (n=1) $311.73{\pm}2.44mg$, other sugary products (n=2) $52.50{\pm}0.23{\sim}262.50{\pm}0.07mg$. Vitamin C (n=27) analysis values ranged from 82 to 450% of the labeled value. Vitamin C content in vitamin C emphasized food (n=6) was estimated 7.7 times~56.6 times more than Fe content. Conclusions: Analyzed samples ranged more than 80% of the labeled value in vitamin C emphasized products, which complied with food labeling regulation. But, beverages (n=3), cereal (n=4), chocolate products (n=1) were 2 times more than the labeled value. To provide accurate nutrition information, food manufactures should supervise nutrition labeling and understand the interactions between nutrients. Also, consumer should decide about the adequate amount of nutrient intake by thoroughly checking nutrition labeling.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.147-169
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• 1994

This study was conducted to ivestigate the quality of modeled chinese-cabbage Kimchi. The mutual action of sub-ingredients and optimum mixing conditions were examined by analyses of pH, acidity, content of vitamins, carotenes, number of total microorganism, and Lactobacilli, the activities of softening related to enzymes (polygalacturonase and ${\beta}$-galactosidase), and sensory quality during fermentation. The result about the mutual action of red pepler powder and garlic showed that the pH was decresed as concentration of garlic was higher and that of red peppler powder became lower. Kimchi had unpleasant taste and undesirable odor when the adding ratio of the peper powder and garlic was unbalanced. As the concentration of garlic became higher, the content of vitamin C in Kimchi tissue decreased while that of vitamin C in Kimchi juice increased. The contents of vitamin B1, B2 and carotene increased as the concentration of garlic became lower. The optimum mixing ratio of red pepper powder and garlic evaluated by overall eating quality was 4.66% and 3.45%, respectively. The result about the mutual action of ginger and green onion was that pH became higher as the concentration of ginger was 1.84% and that of green onion was 5.96%. The intensity of fresh taste and odor became stronger as the concentration of ginger increaed to 2.76% and that of green onion decreased to 2.98%. The balance of sour, salty and hot taste became better as the concentration of ginger increased and that of green onion decreased. The optimum mixing condition evaluated by overall eating quality was 2.94% in ginger ＋ 2.78% in green onion. The contents of vitamin B1, B2 and C were high in this condition. The result about the mutual action of leek and salted anchovy juice was that pH became lower as the concentration of leek increased and that of salted anchovy juice decreased. Sour, hot and sweet tastes were good in the condition of leek 12%, salted anchovy juice 4.69%. Palatable, fresh taste and odor became weaker when the one of both sub-ingredients was too much little. The optimum mixing condition evaluated by overall easting quality was 9.76% in leek ＋ 7.32% in salted anchovy juice. The contents of vitamin B1, B2, C and carotene were high in this condition and other sensory qualities were good. The result about the mutual action of salt and sugar was that pH became lower as the concentration of sugar became higher and that of salt became lower. The sweet taste was reduced of hot taste than salty taste. Palatable and fresh tastes were desirable when Kimchi fermented with less salt and more sugar. The optimum mixing condition evaluated by overall eating quality was 3.29% in sugar ＋ 4.80% in salt. The contents of vitamin B1, B1, C and carotene were high in this condition. The result of model Kimchi fermented at 20$^{\circ}C$ was that the number of Lactobacilli in model Kimchi was higher than that of in control Kimchi. The fermentation period was extended under pH 4.0 and the contents of vitamin B1, B1,C and carotene were high through the whole edible period. The activity of polygalacturonase was low, but that of ${\beta}$-galactosidase was high during fermentation.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.167-175
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• 1999

This study examines the effects of the Korean horticultural foods which are, by traditional wisdom, supposed to contain anti-aging substance. All twenty three kinds of plants are chosen as a sample for the experiment in which the content of three main anti-aging nutrients, -carotene, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E are respectively measured by Nilis, Colorimetric, and AOAC method. The result shows: among the samples, top six plants that contain the most -carotene content are high quality tea(Camellia sinensis), thistle(Cirsium japonicum Var.), Angelica keiskei, mulberry leaves(Morus alba l.), field horsetail(Equisetum arvensa), and carrot(Daucus carota), in order; top four for a Vitamin C contents are low quality tea, mulberry leaves, pine leaves(Pinus densiflora), and high quality tea, in order; top four for a Vitamin E contents are persimmon leaves(Diospyros mongolicum) tea, high quality tea, low quality tea, and pine leaves, in order. Drying or boiling process increases the content of -carotene and Vitamin E in high quality tea, dropwort(Oenanthe javanica), field horsetail, and wild aster(Ligularia stenocephala Marsumum et Koldzumi), while, in case of mulberry leaves, drying process lowers them. Vitamin C content strikingly decreases in heating and drying process.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 1997

To develop the prediction program for quality change of Citrus unshiu during marketing, we examined the quality characteristics of Citrus unshiu stored at experimental refrigerator set to 4, 8, 12 and 16$^{\circ}C$ for 2 months. According to the storage temperature the changes of quality characteristics were different respectively, but it was most severe during 16$^{\circ}C$ storage. Activation energy and Q10 value were 6683.16 cal/mol K and 1.53 respectively. The determination coefficient of regression equation of pH, acidity and vitamin C by surface response analysis were over 0.85. Using these regression equation, we developed the prediction program for the change of pH, acidity and vitamin C contents. The calculated values and experimental values of pH, acidity and vitamin C contents for short-term storage of Citrus unshiu were coincided well.