• 제목/요약/키워드: vitamin A deficiency

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Increment in vitamin D level and bone mineral accrual in children with vitamin D deficiency

  • Rao, Yashwant Kumar;Midha, Tanu;Singh, Satyajeet;Bajpai, Anurag;Tilak, Amita
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제59권7호
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    • pp.292-297
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: To compare different regimens of vitamin D with respect to its serum increment levels and bone mineral accrual in vitamin D-deficient children. Methods: Children identified as being vitamin D deficient (serum levels<20 ng/mL) were divided into 3 treatment groups by stratified block randomization (group 1, 4,000 IU/day of vitamin D3 plus 50 mg/kg/day calcium for 12 weeks; group 2, 30,000 IU/wk of vitamin D3 plus 50 mg/kg/day calcium for 12 weeks; and group 3, 300,000 IU of vitamin D3 once intramuscularly plus 50 mg/kg/day calcium). After regimen completion, each child received a maintenance dose of 400 IU/day vitamin D3 plus 50 mg/kg/day calcium. Their serum vitamin D level was measured after 3 and 12 months. Total body less head bone mineral concentration (BMC) and total body less head bone mineral density (BMD) were measured after 12 months. Results: The mean increment in serum vitamin D levels from baseline to 3 months was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2, but the levels from 3 to 12 months were almost similar among all 3 groups. There were no significant differences among the 3 groups with respect to percentage increase of BMD and BMC. Conclusion: The injectable form of vitamin D was more efficacious than the oral forms in increasing the serum level to the normal range. All 3 regimens were equally effective in increasing the BMC and BMD. The 400 IU/day maintenance dose was sufficient to keep the serum level within the normal range.

Effects of sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in hemodialysis patients

  • Lee, Yeon Joo;Oh, Il Hwan;Baek, Hee Jun;Lee, Chang Hwa;Lee, Sang Sun
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.158-164
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    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D deficiency is common in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to identify whether or not sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake have effects on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The objective was to identify the main determinants of serum vitamin D status in the study subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 47 HD patients (19 males and 28 females) was performed. We assessed serum 25(OH)D and $1,25(OH)_2D$ levels between August and September 2012 and analyzed the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HD patients. To evaluate the determinants of serum 25(OH)D levels, we surveyed dietary vitamin D intake, degree of sun exposure, and outdoor activities. To compare biological variables, serum 25(OH)D was stratified as below 15 ng/ml or above 15 ng/ml. RESULTS: Mean 25(OH)D and $1,25(OH)_2D$ levels were $13.5{\pm}5.8ng/ml$ and $20.6{\pm}11.8pg/ml$, respectively. The proportions of serum 25(OH)D deficiency (< 15 ng/ml), insufficiency (15-< 30 ng/ml), and sufficiency (${\geq}30ng/ml$) in subjects were 72.4%, 23.4%, and 4.3%, respectively. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in female patients was 78.6%, whereas that in males was 63.2% (P = 0.046). Vitamin D intake and sun exposure time were not significantly different between the two stratified serum 25(OH)D levels. Dietary intake of vitamin D did not contribute to increased serum 25(OH)D levels in HD patients. The main effective factors affecting serum 25(OH)D status were found to be the sun exposure and active outdoor exercise. CONCLUSIONS: Hypovitaminosis D is common in HD patients and is higher in females than in males. Sun exposure is the most important determinant of serum 25(OH)D status in HD patients.

Palm Vitamin E Prevents Osteoporosis in Orchidectomized Growing Male Rats

  • Ima-Nirwana, S.;Kiftiah, A.;Zainal, A.G.;Norazlina, M.;Gapor, M.T.;Khalid, B.A.K.
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • 제6권4호
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    • pp.155-160
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    • 2000
  • Testosterone deficiency increased bone resorption, giving rise to osteoporosis. Testosterone deficiency also increased lipid peroxidation and free radical formation. Free radicals have been shown to be toxic to osteoblasts as well as to activate osteoclasts. In this study, the effects of giving an antioxidant, i.e. vitamin E-rich extract from palm oil on bone mineral density and calcium content was studied. Palm vitamin E prevented the loss in bone mineral density due to orchidectomy, seen in the whole femur, proximal amd midshaft regions, as well as L4 vertebra. Similar observations were seen in bone calcium content of the L5 vertebra. Giving palm olein also prevented the loss in bone mineral density in the femoral midshaft and L4 vertebra; and bone calcium content in the L5 vertebra. In conclusion, vitamin E-rich extract from palm oil was effective in preventing the loss in bone mineral density and calcium content of orchidectomized male rats. This action is probably due to its role as an antioxidant.

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Association of vitamin D deficiency with clinical outcomes in critically ill Korean children

  • Jhang, Won Kyoung;Kim, Da Hyun;Park, Seong Jong
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.12-19
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    • 2020
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D is a pleiotropic hormone that affects various body organ systems. We evaluated the prevalence of a vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and its potential role in the clinical condition of critically ill Korean children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Patients under 18 years old with a 25(OH) vitamin D measurement on the first day of PICU admission were included from among the children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of our tertiary children's hospital between October 2017 and January 2019. RESULTS: A total of 172 pediatric patients were enrolled. The mean 25(OH) vitamin D level was 17.5 ± 12.8 ng/mL. There was a 65.1% prevalence of VDD (25(OH) vitamin D level < 20 ng/mL). VDD was associated with age at PICU admission, gastrointestinal/hepatobiliary disorders, International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis disseminated intravascular coagulation (ISTH DIC) score, pediatric multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (pMODS) score and with several laboratory test findings including hemoglobin, platelet, C-reactive protein, serum albumin, total bilirubin, prothrombin time, and anti-thrombin III levels. Most of these parameters also showed significant linear correlations with the 25(OH) vitamin D level (P < 0.05). However, no statistically meaningful association was found between VDD and other clinical conditions such as the need for a mechanical ventilator, requirement for vasoactive drugs, duration of the PICU and hospital stays, or PICU mortality. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of VDD in critically ill Korean children. There were significant associations between the 25(OH) vitamin D level and gastrointestinal/hepatobiliary disorders, the pMODS score and with coagulation related factors. Further large-scale studies with more specific subgroup analyses are required to more precisely assess the clinical implications of VDD in critically ill pediatric patients.

Vitamin D and Metabolic Diseases: Growing Roles of Vitamin D

  • Park, Jung Eun;Pichiah, Tirupathi;Cha, Youn-Soo
    • Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.223-232
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    • 2018
  • Vitamin D, a free sunshine vitamin available for mankind from nature, is capable to avert many health-related critical circumstances. Vitamin D is no more regarded as a nutrient involved in bone metabolism alone. The presence of vitamin D receptor in a number of tissues implies that vitamin D has various physiological roles apart from calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Low serum vitamin D has been found to be associated with various types of metabolic illness such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. Various studies reported that vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in linked with metabolic syndrome risk. This review focuses on various metabolic diseases and its relationship with serum vitamin D status.

사무직 근로자의 혈청 Vitamin D 수준과 생활습관위험인자와의 연관성 (The Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Lifestyle Risk Factors in Office Workers)

  • 진영윤;강현식
    • 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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    • 제54권5호
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    • pp.727-737
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 사무직 근로자를 대상으로 비타민 D 상태와 생활습관위험인자간의 연관성을 조사하고자 하였다. S시의 30세 이상 사무직 근로자 515명(남 336명, 여 179명)을 대상으로 혈청 비타민 D 수준, 비만지표, 체력, 대사성위험인자 및 혈중 지질 그리고 좌식습관을 포함한 생활습관위험인자를 측정하였다. 혈청 비타민 D 수준을 기준으로 결핍(<20 ng/mL), 부족(20-29 ng/mL), 충분(≥30 ng/mL) 집단으로 구분하고, 집단 간 생활습관위험인자를 비교하였다. 분석결과, 비타민 D 수준이 높아질수록 체지방율(p=.030)과 좌식습관(p<.001)은 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하는 선 경향성이 나타났으며, 골격근량(p=.037), 심폐체력(p<.001) 그리고 HDL-C(p=.013)은 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하는 선 경향성이 나타났다. 또한 심폐체력이 낮은 집단이 높은 집단보다 비타민 D 부족 또는 결핍에 노출될 상대적 위험도가 남녀 각각 2.144배(95%CI .469-1.808, p=.042), 1.971배(95%CI .305-1.974, p=.045) 정도 높게 나타났으며, 좌식시간이 가장 많은 집단이 가장 적은 집단보다 비타민 D 부족 또는 결핍에 노출될 상대적 위험도는 여성 사무직 근로자 집단에서만 1.262배(95%CI 0.074-1.527 p=.043) 정도 높게 나타났다. 이와 같이 본 연구에서는 사무직 근로자의 낮은 비타민 D 수준은 낮은 심폐체력 및 장시간의 좌식습관과 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 사무직 근로자의 건강증진과 충분한 비타민 D 공급을 위해 건강한 생활습관 변화와 근무 환경 개선이 우선적으로 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

조직화한 팽창성 자발성 뇌실질내 혈종 (Organized Expanding Spontaneous Intracerebral Hematoma)

  • 최병연;문충배;조수호
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.129-134
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    • 1984
  • 저자들은 $1{\frac{1}{2}}$개월된 남아에서 vitamin K 의존인자 결핍으로 인한 뇌출혈 3주일후, 뇌혈관 기형에서 재차 출혈하여, 조직화한 팽창성 자발성 뇌실질내 혈종을 야기시킨 1예를 경험하고 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

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The Effect of Vitamin {TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} Deficiency on the Utilization and Recuperation of Stored Fuel in Highly Intense Exercised Rats

  • Cho, Youn-Ok
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.75-79
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin {TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} deficiency on the utilization and recuperation of stored fuel in exercising rats. Thirty six rats were fed either a vitamin {TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} deficient diet(-{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX}) or a control diet(+{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX}) for 5 weeks, then subdivided into 3 group: non-exercise group(NE), exercise group(EX), exercise and recuperation group(EX). EX group were exercised in treadmill({TEX}$10^{o}${/TEX}, 0.5~0.8km/h)for 2 hours and ER group were recuperated three days with the respective diet after exercise. Glucose(GLU), glycogen(GLY), protein(PRO), trigyceride(TG) and free fatty acid(FFA) were compared in plasma(P), liver(L) and skeletal muscle(M) of rats. Compared to +{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats, in NE group, the level of L-GLY of -{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats was higher, M-TG, L-PRO of -{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats were lower and there were no differences in P-PRO, P-FFA, P-TG, M-GLY, M-PRO and L-TG. In EX group, the levels of P-FFA, L-PRO of -{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats were higher. P-TG, L-TG of -{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats were lower and there was no difference in L-GLY. In EG group, the levels of P-GLU, P-PRO, P-RG, L-PRO of -{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats were lower and there were no differences in L-GLY, L-TG, M-TG and M-GLY. these results suggest that a lowered intake of vitamin {TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} may impair the recuperation of aminals after exercise related to exercise fuel stores although there is a compensation among stored fuel utilization during exercise.

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Alpha-Tocopherol Transfer Protein (${\alpha}$-TTP): Insights from Alpha-Tocopherol Transfer Protein Knockout Mice

  • Lim, Yun-Sook;Traber, Maret G.
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제1권4호
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    • pp.247-253
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    • 2007
  • Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein (${\alpha}$-TTP) is a liver cytosolic transport protein that faciliates ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (${\alpha}$-T) transfer into liver secreted plasma lipoproteins. Genetic defects in ${\alpha}$-TTP, like dietary vitamin E deficiency, are associated with infertility, muscular weakness and neurological disorders. Both human and ${\alpha}$-TTP deficient (${\alpha}-TTP^{-/-}$) mice exhibit severe plasma and tissue vitamin E deficiency that can be attenuated by sufficient dietary ${\alpha}$-T supplementations. In this review, we summarize the literature concerning studies utilizing the ${\alpha}-TTP^{-/-}$ mice. Levels of vitamin E in the ${\alpha}-TTP^{-/-}$ mice do not appear to be directly related to the amounts of dietary ${\alpha}$-T or to the levels of ${\alpha}$-TTP protein in tissues. The ${\alpha}-TTP^{-/-}$ mice appear to present a good model for investigating the specific role of ${\alpha}$-T in tissue vitamin E metabolism. Furthermore, ${\alpha}-TTP^{-/-}$ mice appear to be useful to elucidate functions of ${\alpha}$-TTP beyond its well recognized functions of transferring ${\alpha}$-T from liver to plasma lipoprotein fractions.

일부 여대생의 영양소 섭취상태, 빈혈 지표 및 혈청 지질간의 상관성에 관한 연구 (Relationship among Nutrient Intake, Indices of Anemia and Serum Lipids in Korean College Women)

  • 김미정;노숙령
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.302-314
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    • 1999
  • This study was conducted to evaluate nutrient intake, indices of anemia, serum lipids, and their correlations in 40 Korean female college students aged 21 to 25 years. Fasting blood samples were collected in October. 1997 Nutrient intake was investigated by 24-hour recall method for three days. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, iron status and serum lipids of the subjects were determined. The mean values for age. height, weight, BMI and blood pressure of the subjects were 22.1 years, 160.6cm, 54.4kg and 109.1/66.9mmHg, respectively. According to the body composition analysis, total body water, % body fat, lean body mass and WHR were 26.7L. 29.5%, 36.5kg and 0.8, respectively. Average daily intake of energy was 1,858.4kcal. Protein, phosphorus, vitamin B$_1$, vitamin B$_2$, niacin and vitamin C intakes were higher than the Korean recommended dietary allowence(RDA), whereas calcium, iron, vitamin A intakes were tower than that. Hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(Hct), serum iron(SI) and total iron binding capacity(TIBC) were measured and transferrin saturation (TS%) was calculated from serum. The mean values for Hb, Hct, SI, TIBC and TS were 13.6$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎗, 41.6%,97.8$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎗, 319.6$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎗ and 31.9%, respectively. The Prevalence rates of iron deficiency assessed by Hb and Hct were found to be 10% and 2.5%, respectively. However, when assessed with TIBC, the prevalence rate of iron deficiency was increased to 32.5%. The mean values for serum triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), HDL-Chol, LDL-Chol concentrations and atherogenic index(AI) were 154.7mg/㎗, 80.0mg/㎗, 47.4mg/㎗, 91.3mg/㎗ and 2.6, respectively. Correlations among indices of anemia. there were positive correlations between Hb and Hct, between SI and TS : negative correlations between TIBC and TS or SI. Correlations among serum lipids, there were positive correlations between TC and TG or LDL-cholesterol. Energy intakes were correlated positively with TIBC(p<0.05), and vitamin C intakes negatively correlated with Hb(P<0.05). And vitamin A intakes were negatively correlated with TG(p<0.01). TC(p<0.05) and LDL-Chol(p<0.01). Hb negatively correlated with TG(P<0.05). Body weights(p<0.05), lean body mass(p<0.05) and total body water(p<0.01) werenegatively correlated with Hb. BMI and WHR correlated with TG and TC(p<0.01). These results indicated that subjects with higher energy intake and overweight had a tendency to have iron deficiency. Increases in BMI and WHR were related to increases in serum lipids levels and decreases in TIBC. The results also showed that serum lipids were decreased when vitamin A and iron intakes were sufficient.

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