• 제목/요약/키워드: virus resistance

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망실을 이용한 벼 바이러스병 저항성 대량 검정체계 (Mass Screening Method for Rice Virus Resistance Using Screen House)

  • 곽도연;여운상;이종희;오병근;신문식;구연충
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제52권2호
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    • pp.129-133
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    • 2007
  • 벼 바이러스병에 대한 최선의 방제책은 저항성 품종의 육성이라 할 수 있다. 저항성 품종의 육성을 위해서는 정밀하고 대량으로 검정 할 수 있는 검정법의 확립이 무엇보다 중요하므로 이를 위해 격리 검정망실을 건립 보독충을 방사한 후 이를 계대유지 하여 검정에 이용하였다. 망실내에 바이러스 보독충율 변이에서 연중 높은 보독충율을 유지하였으며, 매개충의 밀도도 검정에 충분하게 유지되었다. 망실을 이용한 바이러스병 저항성검정의 효율성은 줄무늬잎마름병은 $92{\sim}100%$, 오갈병은 100%의 검정효율을 보였으며, 이러한 대량검정법은 실내유묘검정과 고도의 정의 상관을 나타내어 포장검정의 대량검정과 실내유묘검정의 정밀도 등 장점을 겸비한 유용한 방법으로 확인되었다.

Further Evidence of Linkage at the tva and tvc Loci in the Layer Lines and a Possibility of Polyallelism at the tvc Locus

  • Ghosh, A.K.;Pani, P.K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제18권5호
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    • pp.601-605
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    • 2005
  • Three lines of White Leghorn (WL) chickens (IWJ, IWG and IWC) maintained at Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar (UP), were used for chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and liver tumour (LT) assay. Eleven-day-old embryos of each line were partitioned into three groups and inoculated with 0.2 ml of subgroup A, subgroup C and an equal mixture of subgroup A and C Rous sarcoma virus (RSV). Subgroup virus receptor on the cell surface membrane for subgroup A is coded for by tumour virus a (tva) locus and for subgroup C by tumour virus c (tvc) locus. The random association of the genes at the tva and tvc loci in IWJ and IWC line was assessed and the $x^2$-values for phenotypic classes were found to be significant, indicating the linkage between the tva and tvc loci. The linkage value was estimated to be 0.09 on pooled sex and pooled line basis. On the basis of four subclass tumour phenotypes a 4-allele model was proposed for tva locus having $a^{s1}$, $a^{s2}$, $a^{r1}$ and $a^{r2}$ alleles and the frequencies were calculated as 0.47, 0.13, 0.13 and 0.27 for IWJ line, 0.31, 0.33, 0.14 and 0.22 for IWG line and 0.44, 0.11, 0.21 and 0.24 for IWC line, respectively. Similarly, for tvc locus the frequencies of four alleles i.e. $c^{s1}$, $c^{s2}$, $c^{r1}$ and $c^{r2}$ were calculated as 0.42, 0.20, 0.21 and 0.17 for IWJ line, 0.42, 0.17, 0.27 and 0.14 for IWG line and 0.30, 0.21, 0.16 and 0.33 for IWC line, respectively. The $x^2$-values for all classes of observations were not significant (p>0.05), indicating a good fit to the 4-allele model for the occurrence of 4-subclass tumour phenotypes for tva and tvc loci. On the basis of the 2-allele model both tva and tvc locus carries three genotypes each. But, on the basis of the 4-allele model tva and tvc locus carries 10 genotypes each. The interaction between A-resistance and C-resistance (both CAM and LT death) was ascertained by taking the 10 genotypes of tva locus and 3 genotypes of tvc locus by pooling the lines and partitioning the observations into 3 classes. The $x^2$-values for the genotypic classes of CAM (-) LT (+) and CAM (-) LT (-) phenotypes to mixed virus (A+C) infection were found to be highly significant (p<0.01), indicating increased resistance, which indicates the joint segregation of $a^r$ and $c^r$ genes, suggesting the existence of close linkage between the tva and tvc loci. Therefore, an indirect selection approach using subgroup C viruses can be employed to generate stocks resistant to subgroup A LLV, obviating contamination with the most common agent causing LL in field condition.

Resistance against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in wild marine crab Gaetice depressus by injection of recombinant VP28 protein

  • Kim, Chun Soo;Choi, Seung Hyuk;Kim, Min Sun;Kim, Ki Hong
    • 한국어병학회지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.11-16
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    • 2014
  • The resistance against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in wild marine crab Gaetice depressus by the immunization of a recombinant glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fused VP28 protein (GST-VP28) was evaluated. The cumulative mortalities of GST-VP28 injected groups were lower than those of the control groups at 10 days of post-challenge, and the time to death of 50% crab ($TD_{50}$) was delayed by the immunization using GST-VP28. The group boosted with GST-VP28 after 2 weeks of primary immunization clearly showed longer $TD_{50}$ than non-boosted group against challenge with WSSV. This result suggests that boosting with the antigen protein elicit stronger immune responses similar to adaptive immune responses of vertebrates. However, the short $TD_{50}$ was observed in the group challenged at 3 weeks post boosting comparing to the group challenged at 1 week post boosting. This suggests that the protective strength of immunization decreased by the time.

Current Status of Anti-HBV Chemotherapy

  • Hong, Joon H.;Choi, Yong-Seok;Chun, Byoung K.;Lee, Kyeong;Chu, Chung K.
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.89-105
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    • 1998
  • In the past decade, significant progress has been achieved in the battle against hepatitis B virus. In addition to the immunomodulating agents such as interferon-.alpha., and thymosin, many novel antiviral agents have been discovered, among which nucleoside analogues are the mainstay. New-generation compounds such as 3TC and famciclovir have shown promise in the treatment of patients chronically infected by this virus, and are on the line for approval. However, viral rebound after cessation of therapy still remains a major problem. Additionally, the reports on the drug resistance to these antiviral agents suggest that combination therapy will be the eventual strategy (Bartholomew et al., 1997; Tipples et al., 1996). Therefore, developments of safe and effective antiviral agents which do not cross-resist with currently available antiviral drugs are still much needed.

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Application of Jasmonic Acid Followed by Salicylic Acid Inhibits Cucumber mosaic virus Replication

  • Luo, Ying;Shang, Jing;Zhao, Pingping;Xi, Dehui;Yuan, Shu;Lin, Honghui
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.53-58
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    • 2011
  • Systemic acquired resistance is a form of inducible resistance that is triggered in systemic healthy tissues of local-infected plants. Several candidate signaling molecules emerged in the past two years, including the methylated derivatives of well-known defense hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA). In our present study, the symptom on Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infected Arabidopsis leaves in 0.1 mM SA or 0.06 mM JA pre-treated plants was lighter (less reactive oxygen species accumulation and less oxidative damages) than that of the control group. JA followed by SA (JA${\rightarrow}$SA) had the highest inhibitory efficiency to CMV replication, higher than JA and SA simultaneous co-pretreatment (JA+SA), and higher than a JA or a SA single pretreatment. The crosstalk between the two hormones was further investigated at the transcriptional levels of pathogenesis-related genes. The time-course measurement showed JA might play a more important role in the interaction between JA and SA.

Evaluation of Resistance to Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV) in Pepper Germplasm

  • Kingsley Ochar;Ho-Cheol Ko;Hee-Jong Woo;Hae-Ryun Kwak;On-Sook Hur
    • 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.68-68
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    • 2022
  • The pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), belonging to the tobamovirus genus, is currently one of the most destructive pathogens in pepper production. Tobamoviruses have been classified in terms of increased pathogenicity as pathotypes P0, P1, P1,2, P1,2,3 and P1,2,3,4, based on their ability to infect systemically Capsicum L0 , L1 , L2 , L3 and L4 resistant plants, respectively. Two hundred eighty pepper germplasms and 5 reference accessions known as resistant L alleles, were analyzed to select the resistance cultivars against PMMoV- P1,2,3 (CV130614-2) using bioassay and genetic markers. The susceptible accessions showed systemic symptom when inoculated with PMMoV- P1,2,3. However, accessions including IT223737, were resistant as they developed necrotic local lesions only on inoculated leaves, whereas no symptoms were observed on the upper leaves. Moreover, RT-PCR results for detecting the presence of virus were also negative. Thus, those accessions will be used as a novel source to facilitate introduction the resistant gene into commercial cultivars of pepper.

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토마토반점위조바이러스에 대한 재배 및 야생형 고추 수집종의 병징과 저항성 조사 (Symptom and Resistance of Cultivated and Wild Capsicum Accessions to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus)

  • 한정헌;이원필;이준대;김미경;최홍수;윤재복
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.59-65
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    • 2011
  • 토마토반점위조바이러스(Tomato spotted wilt virus, TSWV)에 대한 고추 유전자원 및 시판품종 등 100점의 병징 유형과 저항성 반응을 조사하였다. 병징 유형과 TSWV 감염률은 접종 후 9, 12, 14, 45일에 각각 육안으로 조사하였으며, 접종 14일에는 효소면역항체법을 이용하여 실험에 사용한 모든 개체의 비 접종 상엽에서 바이러스 감염 유무를 검정하였다. 감염된 대다수의 개체에서 잎 말림 증상이 가장 빈번하게 관찰되었으며, 국내 상용 $F_1$ 품종과 재래종고추에서는 황화 증상이, 야생형 수집종에서 줄기괴사 증상이 특이적으로 관찰되었다. TSWV의 전형적인 병징으로 알려진 원형반점은 조사한 일부 계통에서 관찰되었고, 계통 내 개체간 바이러스 병징 발현 정도는 상이하였다. 상용 F1 4품종(Kpc-35, -36, -57, -62)과 야생형 고추 8계통(PBI-11, C00105, PBC076, PBC280, PBC426, PBC495, PBC537, PI201238)은 유묘기에 기계적 접종했을 때 TSWV에 대해 고도의 저항성을 보였다.

One Health Perspectives on Emerging Public Health Threats

  • Ryu, Sukhyun;Kim, Bryan Inho;Lim, Jun-Sik;Tan, Cheng Siang;Chun, Byung Chul
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제50권6호
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    • pp.411-414
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    • 2017
  • Antimicrobial resistance and emerging infectious diseases, including avian influenza, Ebola virus disease, and Zika virus disease have significantly affected humankind in recent years. In the premodern era, no distinction was made between animal and human medicine. However, as medical science developed, the gap between human and animal science grew deeper. Cooperation among human, animal, and environmental sciences to combat emerging public health threats has become an important issue under the One Health Initiative. Herein, we presented the history of One Health, reviewed current public health threats, and suggested opportunities for the field of public health through better understanding of the One Health paradigm.

Nicotiana Tabacum과 Nicotiana africana의 종간교배에 의한 감자바이러스 Y 저항성 유전자원 개발 (Transfer of Potato Virus Y (Necrotic strain) Resistance from Nicotiana africana to Nicotiana tabacum)

  • 금완수;정윤화;최상주;조명조;이승철
    • 한국연초학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.102-107
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    • 1994
  • This study was conducted to transfer the potato virus Y-necrosis strain resistance from Nicotiana africana to Nicotiana tabacum (cv. NC82) N. africana was crossed with NC82, GErmination of the cotyledon stage, at which time most of the seedling died. However, surviving seedlings continued to grow normally. Chromosomes of the these interspecific self-sterile F1 hybrids were doubled by tissue culture. Amphidiploid of F1 hybrid was self-fertile. Starting with amphidipliod, a wystematic backcross (BC) program was set up with NC82 as recurrent parent. In the BC5C2 generation, the resistant plant was selected. This resistant line, KF8833-1, had 48 chromosome and secreting glandular trichomes. It flowered 2days later than NC82, and stalk height, leaves per plant, leaf length and leaf width were similar to those of NC82.

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