• Title/Summary/Keyword: viewing time

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Investigation of Electro-optical Characteristics in A-TN-LCD on Poly(vinyl)cinnamate Surfaces (Poly(vinyl)cinnamate막을 이용한 A-TN-LCD의 전기광학 특성)

  • 서대식;박지호;이보호
    • Electrical & Electronic Materials
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.576-580
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    • 1997
  • In this paper, the viewing angle characteristics of amorphous (a) - twisted nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) on poly(vinyl)cinnamate (PVC) surface with UV (ultraviolet) light irradiation were investigated. It was found that the threshold voltage increases with increasing the polymerization of PVC surfaces. We observed that the domain size of a-TN-LCD decreases with increasing the photo polymerization by increasing UV light irradiation time on PVC films. Also, we observed that the viewing angle of a-TN-LCD increased with increasing the photo polymerization on PVC surfaces. Finally, we consider that the viewing angle of a-TN-LCD on PVC surfaces is large compared to a-TN-LCD on polyimide (PI) surface.

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Improvement of the response time and embodiment of the viewing angle in IPS mode (IPS-LCD에서의 표면액정배향효과가 시야각 특성과 응답속도에 미치는 영향)

  • 최재학;서대식
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 1998.11a
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    • pp.65-68
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    • 1998
  • The mechanism of response time and viewing angle in in-plane switching ( IPS ) liquid crystal display ( LCD ) were investigated. The response time of photo-aligned IPS-LCD is fast compared with rubbing-aligned IPS-LCD on polyimide ( PI ) surface. The decay time $\tau$$\_$d/ is decreased with increasing the azimuthal anchoring energy A $\psi$ due to the steric interaction between the LC molecules and side chain of polymer. The viewing angle of IPS-LCD is increased by using photo-depolymerizatin method ; about ${\pm}$70$^{\circ}$at all direction.

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A Novel LC Device Associated with Optically Compensated Splay Structure (광학적 자기 보상 스플레이 구조를 갖는 새로운 액정 소자)

  • 김승재;이종문;이승희
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.536-540
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    • 2004
  • A novel nematic liquid crystal (LC) cell with splay structure exhibiting wide viewing angle, fast response time and high transmittance at the same time has been developed. With rubbed homeotropic alignment in parallel directions, the device shows bend alignment in the absence of vertical electric field. However, with applied high voltage in a pulse form, the LC shows a optically compensated splay (OCS) orientation such that the mid-director is parallel to a substrate and at both surfaces the LCs are aligned vertically in parallel direction. In the device, the birefringence of the cell becomes tunable with applying voltage, i.e., the amount of light passed through the cell can be controlled by controlling the orientation of the LC. Since the OCS cell has a self-compensation structure such that the LC has a mirror symmetry along the mid-director, the device shows a wide viewing angle with only a single domain and a fast response time.

A Study on Electro-optical Characteristics of a-TN-LCD by Non-rubbing Liquid Crystal Alignment Techniques (넌러빙 액정배향기술을 이용한 a-TN-LCD의 전기광학특성에 관한 연구)

  • 서대식;이창훈;황율연;이보호
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 1996.11a
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    • pp.180-182
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    • 1996
  • In this study, we have investigated the characteristics of the response time and the viewing angle on twisted nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) and amorphous (a) TN-LCD without rubbing. To measure the transmission-voltage, response time, and viewing angle characteristics, we prepared three kinds of LC cells and then studied the surface liquid crystal alignment effect. We studied that the response time on a-TN-LCD is fast compared to the TN-LCD. We suggest that the weak anchoring strength is attributed to the fast response time on a-TN-LCD. Also, we obtained the uniform viewing angle characteristics on a-TN-LCD. From these results, we consider that the liquid crystal alignment on LCD device are very important factor for electro-optical characteristics.

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Time-series changes in visual fatigue and depth sensation while viewing stereoscopic images

  • Kim, Sang-Hyun;Kishi, Shinsuke;Kawai, Takashi;Hatada, Toyohiko
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2009.10a
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    • pp.1099-1102
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    • 2009
  • Conventional stereoscopic (3D) displays using binocular parallax generate unnatural conflicts between convergence and accommodation. Those conflicts can affect the ability to fuse binocular images and may cause visual fatigue. This study examined time-series changes in visual fatigue and depth sensation while viewing stereoscopic images with changing parallax. We examined the physiological changes, including the subjective symptoms of visual fatigue, when viewing five parallax conditions. The time-series results suggest that 2D and 3D images produce significantly different types of visual fatigue over the range of binocular disparity.

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Effects of the Food Web Casting on College Student's Viewing Happiness and Attitude Towards Obesity (인터넷 개인방송 먹방 시청이 한국 대학생들의 시청행복감과 비만 인식에 미치는 영향)

  • Jin, Jiang Xue;Hwang, HaSung
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.103-111
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    • 2019
  • Due tothe popularity of personal web-casting 'Food Web Casting' program, the present study aims to examine its effects on real life. The study conducted a survey with Korean college students. Results from a survey of 256 participants showed that first, the most salient reason for watching 'Food Web Casting' was gratification for killing time and gratifications for food entertainment, information, vicarious, and para social interaction are followed. Second, vicarious gratification, killing time gratification, and vicarious gourmandism gratification had a positive effect on Food Wed Casting programs viewing time, while it is not found for effects of gratifications for information and pro-social interaction. Third, it is found that Food Wed Casting programs viewing had effects on viewing happiness and negative perception of fat people. However, it did not have an effect on frequency of food delivery service. Based on these findings,implication, limitations, and topics for future research are discussed.

The Variation of Visitor' Behavior in relation to the Planar Exhibition and the Three Dimensional Exhibition in Art Museum;focused on Busan Museum of Modern Art (미술관에서 평면전시와 입체전시에 따른 관람행태의 변화;부산시립미술관을 중심으로)

  • Jeong, Jae-Hoon
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.84-91
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    • 2008
  • The objective of this study is to investigate how visitors' behavior change in relation to the pattern of exhibition in art museum. For the purpose Busan Museum of Modern Art was selected as the sample in this study. And two patterns of exhibition, namely the planar exhibition and the three dimensional exhibition, were surveyed using the tracking movement method. The data gathered from random-sampling 60 visitors in a art museum was analyzed by the correlation analysis and T-test. The results are as follows; 1) There is no meaningful difference in visitors' behavior by the exhibition pattern in terms of their viewing area, viewing time, viewing distance, viewing velocity, viewing rate. 2) In contrast, there is meaningful difference in terms of the number of stops by visitors and the time spent without movement to see the objects; visitors stopped more often and stayed longer within the three dimensional exhibition space than the planar exhibition in a art museum. In sum, visitors extrinsically show no big behavioral difference between the planar exhibition and the three dimensional exhibition, but much difference in the way they communicate with objects; they show more active behavior within the three dimensional exhibition space.

Prediction of a hit drama with a pattern analysis on early viewing ratings (초기 시청시간 패턴 분석을 통한 대흥행 드라마 예측)

  • Nam, Kihwan;Seong, Nohyoon
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.33-49
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    • 2018
  • The impact of TV Drama success on TV Rating and the channel promotion effectiveness is very high. The cultural and business impact has been also demonstrated through the Korean Wave. Therefore, the early prediction of the blockbuster success of TV Drama is very important from the strategic perspective of the media industry. Previous studies have tried to predict the audience ratings and success of drama based on various methods. However, most of the studies have made simple predictions using intuitive methods such as the main actor and time zone. These studies have limitations in predicting. In this study, we propose a model for predicting the popularity of drama by analyzing the customer's viewing pattern based on various theories. This is not only a theoretical contribution but also has a contribution from the practical point of view that can be used in actual broadcasting companies. In this study, we collected data of 280 TV mini-series dramas, broadcasted over the terrestrial channels for 10 years from 2003 to 2012. From the data, we selected the most highly ranked and the least highly ranked 45 TV drama and analyzed the viewing patterns of them by 11-step. The various assumptions and conditions for modeling are based on existing studies, or by the opinions of actual broadcasters and by data mining techniques. Then, we developed a prediction model by measuring the viewing-time distance (difference) using Euclidean and Correlation method, which is termed in our study similarity (the sum of distance). Through the similarity measure, we predicted the success of dramas from the viewer's initial viewing-time pattern distribution using 1~5 episodes. In order to confirm that the model is shaken according to the measurement method, various distance measurement methods were applied and the model was checked for its dryness. And when the model was established, we could make a more predictive model using a grid search. Furthermore, we classified the viewers who had watched TV drama more than 70% of the total airtime as the "passionate viewer" when a new drama is broadcasted. Then we compared the drama's passionate viewer percentage the most highly ranked and the least highly ranked dramas. So that we can determine the possibility of blockbuster TV mini-series. We find that the initial viewing-time pattern is the key factor for the prediction of blockbuster dramas. From our model, block-buster dramas were correctly classified with the 75.47% accuracy with the initial viewing-time pattern analysis. This paper shows high prediction rate while suggesting audience rating method different from existing ones. Currently, broadcasters rely heavily on some famous actors called so-called star systems, so they are in more severe competition than ever due to rising production costs of broadcasting programs, long-term recession, aggressive investment in comprehensive programming channels and large corporations. Everyone is in a financially difficult situation. The basic revenue model of these broadcasters is advertising, and the execution of advertising is based on audience rating as a basic index. In the drama, there is uncertainty in the drama market that it is difficult to forecast the demand due to the nature of the commodity, while the drama market has a high financial contribution in the success of various contents of the broadcasting company. Therefore, to minimize the risk of failure. Thus, by analyzing the distribution of the first-time viewing time, it can be a practical help to establish a response strategy (organization/ marketing/story change, etc.) of the related company. Also, in this paper, we found that the behavior of the audience is crucial to the success of the program. In this paper, we define TV viewing as a measure of how enthusiastically watching TV is watched. We can predict the success of the program successfully by calculating the loyalty of the customer with the hot blood. This way of calculating loyalty can also be used to calculate loyalty to various platforms. It can also be used for marketing programs such as highlights, script previews, making movies, characters, games, and other marketing projects.

The Influence of Viewing Motivation of the Korean Wave Video Content on Viewing Attitude, National Image of Korea, and Behavioral Intention: Focused on the Chinese Online Video Platform, 'bilibili' (한류 영상 콘텐츠의 시청동기가 시청태도, 한국에 대한 국가 이미지 및 행동의도에 미치는 영향: 중국 영상 플랫폼 'bilibili'를 중심으로)

  • Wang, Yimin;Bae, So Young
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.762-772
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    • 2021
  • This study examined the influence of viewing motivation of the Korean wave video content on viewing attitude, national image of Korea, and behavioral intention among users of the Chinese online video platform, 'bilibili.' Using an online questionnaire, a total of 355 copies were collected. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings indicate that the four items of viewing motivation (i.e., entertainment, information, relationships, and vicarious satisfaction) exerted a positive impact on the viewing attitude, while real-time discussion showed no significant impact on it. In addition, viewing attitude exerted a significant positive impact on the national image of Korea, which in turn showed positive influences on the behavioral intention (i.e., visit intention, WOM intention). This study contributed to expand the literature by discussing the Chinese major online content platform, Korean culture, and visit intention to Korea focusing on the Korea wave content. A series of theoretical and practical implications were discussed along with the directions for future research.

Relationships between Short Sleep, Obesity, and Screen Time in High School Students (고등학생의 수면 부족, 비만, 스크린 타임 사이의 관련성 연구)

  • Ha, Yeongmi;Park, Hyunju
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.80-89
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between short sleep, obesity, and screen time. Methods: Data were obtained from a survey using a sample of 1,166 academic, and 597 vocational high school students. A structured questionnaire was used to assess demographics, hours spent in sleep, TV viewing, internet usage, and game playing. Obesity was determined using the body mass index. Descriptive statistics, Cochran Mantel Haenszel Chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression with dummy variables were performed. Results: Short sleep (<8 hours/day) was significantly related to obesity, not in academic school students, but in vocational school students. Academic high school students who had enough sleep (${\geq}8$ hours/day), had more time spent on TV viewing, internet usage, and game playing. Similar results were found in vocational high school students except for internet use. Interestingly, students with better school performance spent significantly less time in TV viewing, internet usage, and game playing, and therefore had a lower risk of obesity in academic school students. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between short sleep and obesity that was found only in vocational high school students. The relationship between short sleep and screen time was not significant in Korean high school students.