• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.58-59
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• 2007

We have fabricated top-emission. organic ligth-emitting diodes in a structure of Glass/Al/2-TNATA/TPD/$Alq_3$/LiF/Al/Ag. By varying a film thickness of 2-TNATA and TPD, current efficiency, luminance efficiency, and viewing angle dependence of the device were measured. The top device using $Alq_3$ showed electroluminescent peak wavelengths of 522nm and 505nm at $0^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ viewing angles, respectively. It is thought that a microcavity effect affects on peak wavelength position for different viewing angles.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19호
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• pp.128-135
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• 1999

In 1990s, the necessity of the Korean contemporary medium/small scale gallery as a place of experience rather than that of simple viewing has increased to meet from the requirements of the pluralistic and popularized society. The gallery makes efforts to form a collective street to cope with the influential of the power large scale cultural space as well as finding a novel direction in order to derive the regional sympathy in connection with the culture space of the neighborgood. In this paper, we study the 1990s Korean medium/small scale gallery in two aspects: First, the architectural techniques and elements which are introduces the audience to both interior and exterior spaces constructed by the 1990s gallery architecture, are investigated. The conventional architecture shows the blocking of the neighborhood and the trend of severance when viewing from both the architectural and the civil points. Secondly, we present the design characteristics from the several points of view such as conceptual, spacial, visual angles. The various trends of works in exhibition of the fine arts can provide a means for producing a great deal of variation in recent gallery architecture when viewing from a stage standpoint of exhibition space.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2004

We have performed computer simulation and experiment to obtain electro-optic characteristics of reflective hybrid aligned nematic (R-HAN) cell driven by fringe field, in which the cell consists of polarizer, optical compensation film, LC layer and reflector. Conventional R-HAN cell driven by fringe field using only the LC layer shows high wavelength dispersion at dark-state and thus viewing angle characteristic is strongly wavelength-dependent. In order to improve this demerit, we added one optical compensation film to conventional R-HAN cell. The display with optimized cell parameters shows low wavelength dispersion at dark-state and exhibits a wide viewing angle without the occurrence of grey scale inversion over a wide range of viewing angles and the contrast ratio greater than 5 over exists about 120$^{\circ}$ in vortical direction and 160$^{\circ}$in horizontal direction. Experimental results show good agreements with theoretical results and fast response time.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 디스플레이 광소자 분야
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• pp.100-103
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• 2005

Homogeneously aligned nematic liquid crystal modes are representatively the -FFS (fringe-field switching) mode using liquid crystal (-LC) with negative dielectric anisotropy, the +FFS mode and the IPS (in-plane switching) mode using +LC with positive dielectric anisotropy. In view of image quality evaluation standard of LCD, we compared characteristics of the brightness, the contrast ratio (CR) and color shift when the modes have respectively optimized phase retardation values $(d{\Delta}n)$. Consequently, in the most sensitively viewing angle of a man's physical vision, both FFS modes have advantage over the IPS mode from the brightness & the CR point of view. We are also confirmed that the +FFS mode out of them shows the smallest color shift according to all viewing directions in grey levels.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.17
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• pp.518-521
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• 2004

We have investigated about compensation film to reduce the light leakage at an oblique angle in-plane switching mode. It is well known that uncompensated in-plane switching (US) and fringe field switching (FFS) liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have much better viewing angle than other modes owing to the in-plane rotation of the LC director. However, to accomplish optimal viewing angle characteristics in these devices, they must be compensated by one or more films. So, in this paper, we have studied how to reduce the light leakage with viewing angle using discotic film in dark state.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2019

Privacy films are typically manufactured by combining black resin and transparent louver-shaped patterns. The use of black resin results in excellent light-shielding. However, black resin can reduce the transmittance of privacy films at the front viewing angle. In this study, we applied $SiO_2/SiON$ multi-layer thin films on a privacy film to maintain transmittance at the front viewing angle and improve light-shielding at the side viewing angle. We determined the optimum combination of thicknesses of the $SiO_2/SiON$ multi-layer stacks to increase the overall transmittance; the light shielding could be maximized at the side viewing angle.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.524-528
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• 2002

Conventional hybrid aligned nematic liquid crystal display (HAN-LCD) has several advantages on low operating voltage, fast response time and rubbing free on one substrate. We have fabricated a new hybrid aligned nematic display driven by fringe field. The new device exhibits much wider viewing: angle than that of the conventional HAN mode, owing to almost in-plane rotation of the LC director. Furthermore, we have developed the device that reveals more efficient electro-optic characteristics by placing common electrode on top and bottom substrates. In this paper, the electro-optic characteristics of the novel cell are investigated.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2013

The present study explored the reception and consumption processes of a Korean audience's viewing of local and international television dramas. Findings indicated that the influential factors on the level of viewing in regards to Korean, American, and Japanese TV dramas among Korean viewers differed. In particular, a significant difference was found in terms of perceived drama characteristics. Applying niche theory, the present study also examined the audience's motivation for watching these television dramas. Results demonstrated that Korean TV dramas possessed the broadest niche breadth and were the most competitive. In a comparison of the perceived characteristics of TV dramas, American drama earned competitive superiority for most characteristics. The implications from the results were discussed in terms of cultural discount and proximity.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2015

Optical characteristics including the radiant flux and viewing angle of UV LEDs were investigated according to both silicone encapsulants with different refractive indexes and lens shapes. Lead frame was fabricated using the enhanced heat dissipation characteristics with a heat slug structure and the reflector based on EMC(Epoxy Mold Compound) material. Four types of lens shapes were designed and their optical characteristics depending on the refractive index of silicone encapsulants were evaluated. The maximum radiant flux can be achieved when the height of lens are 1.32mm and 1.08mm for silicone encapsulants with low and high refractive indexes, respectively. Depending on the encapsulating method, the viewing angle changes from $148.9^{\circ}$ to $130.2^{\circ}$ for low refractive index and from $145.3^{\circ}$ to $136.8^{\circ}$ for high refractive index. As a result, it is found that the optical characteristics of UV LEDs can be controled through both encapsulating method and the refractive index of encapsulants.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2016

이 연구는 지금까지 논의하지 않았던 근대 부산에서 벚꽃 명소의 실상을 밝히기 위하여 당시 부산에서 발간된 일간지 <부산일보(釜山日報)>와 <조선시보(朝鮮時報)>에 게재된 벚꽃 구경과 벚꽃 놀이의 기사를 발굴하여 그 장소를 토지 이용의 유형별로 분류하고, 벚꽃 구경에서 벚꽃 놀이로 변환하는 시기의 동정과 장소적 특성을 고찰하였다. 근대 부산에서 벚꽃의 명소에 관련한 신문기사는 봄의 도래를 알리는 계절화로서 벚꽃이 피어 있는 장소를 알리는 내용에서 점차 벚꽃이 군생하고 있는 장소에 모여드는 사람들의 유흥 행위를 소개하는 것으로 변화되어 간다. 단순히 벚꽃이 화려하게 피어 있는 장소는 신문지상에서 노출되는 빈도는 점점 적어지고, 벚꽃이 만개한 행락지에서 유흥 내용의 소개로 변화해 갔다. 이것은 근대 부산에서 벚꽃의 명소는 벚꽃 구경의 명소에서 벚꽃놀이의 명소로 성숙해갔다는 것을 의미한다. 첫째, 근대 부산의 벚꽃의 명소는 개인주택정원, 온천 여관의 정원, 사찰, 수원지, 배수지, 학교 등 공공용지, 동래온천장, 미도리마치 유곽 등 상점가로 나눌 수 있었다. 장소는 정주 환경의 가장자리, 다시 말해서 도시와 자연의 접점공간에 형성되었다. 둘째, 근대 부산의 벚꽃 명소는 1920년 무렵부터 벚꽃 구경에서 벚꽃 놀이로 변환되었다. 벚꽃의 명소가 성립한 것은 1920년 무렵으로 볼 수 있다. 그리고 벚꽃 구경의 명소가 개인 주택 정원, 배수지 등 공공의 접근의 어려운 곳도 거론되었지만, 벚꽃놀이의 명소는 누구나가 접근할 수 있는 공공의 장소가 주로 거론되었다. 벚꽃의 명소가 봄철 행락지가 되었다.