• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 수상위에 진수된 콘크리트 플로팅 폰툰에 상부골조를 단계별로 시공함에 따라 발생하는 추가 처짐이 상부골조에 발생하므로 추가변형에 의한 상부골조의 추가 모멘트량을 산정하는 해석절차를 제시하였으며 제시된 절차에 따라 3층 예제 철골 건물을 해석하고 분석하였다. 제시된 시공단계를 고려한 해석 방법과 비교하여, 폰툰의 변형을 고려하지 않는 해석 방법은 수직하중에 의한 변형을 무시하여 설계하중을 과소평가 하며, 플로팅 구조물을 전 층을 모델링하고 하중을 동시에 작용시키는 모델은 과대 처짐의 영향으로 설계하중을 과대평가함을 알게 되었다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.215-231
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 연직 불연속면을 포함하는 지반에서 얕은 심도 2-arch 터널 굴착에 따른 거동특성을 실험적으로 연구하였으며, 2-arch 터널 굴착에 따른 필러부 하중전이 특성을 관찰하였다. 연직 불연속면의 위치를 변화시키고, 2-arch터널 시공단계별로 모형실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 2-arch 터널 굴착에 따른 이완하중이 불연속면이 위치한 곳에 집중되었고, 불연속면에 차단되어 불연속면을 넘어서까지 하중이 전이되지는 않았다. 또한 인접한 터널의 하반을 굴착할 때보다 상반을 굴착할 때에 필러부와 지반변형에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.473-488
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• 2006

Adequate bone quality and stress distribution to the bone are of decisive importance for implant success. Even though the success rates of dental implants have been high, implant failures do occur. Overloading has been identified as a primary factor behind dental implant failure. The purpose of this study was to theoretically investigate the effect of two types of implants on the stress distribution in poor bone quality. Employing the finite element method, the study modeled a 4.1 mm diameter, 12.0 mm length implant placed in cortical or spongeous bone. A static loading of lOON was applied at the occlusal surface at 0, 30 degrees angle to the vertical axis of the implant. von Mises stresses concentrations in the supporting bone were analyzed with finite element analysis program. The results were as follows; 1. The stresses at the marginal bone were higher under buccal oblique load(30 degrees off of the long axis) than under vertical load. 2. Under buccal oblique load, the stresses were higher at the lingual marginal bone than at the buccal marginal bone, and the differences were almost the same. 3, Under vertical and oblique load, the stress was the highest at the marginal bone and lowest at the bone around apical portions of implant in cortical bone. 4, Under vertical load, Model 1 showed more effective stress distribution than Model 2 irrespective of bone types. On the other hand, Model 2 showed lower stress concentration than Model 1 under buccal oblique load.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2020

This study measured the downward stepping movement relative to weight change (no load, and 10%, 20%, 30% of body weight respectively of adult male (n=10) from standardized stair (rise of 0.3 m, tread of 0.29 m, width of 1 m). The 3-dimensional cinematography and ground reaction force were also utilized for analysis of leg stiffness: Peak vertical force, change in stance phase leg length, Torque of whole body, kinematic variables. The strategy heightened the leg stiffness and standardized vertical ground reaction force relative to the added weights (p<.01). Torque showed rather larger rotational force in case of no load, but less in 10% of body weight (p<.05). Similarly angle of hip joint showed most extended in no-load, but most flexed in 10% of body weight (p<.05). Inclined angle of body trunk showed largest range in posterior direction in no-load, but in vertical line nearly relative to added weights (p<.001). Thus the result of the study proved that downward stepping strategy altered from height of 30 cm, regardless of added weight, did not affect velocity and length of lower leg. But added weight contributed to more vertical impulse force and increase of rigidity of whole body than forward rotational torque under condition of altered stepping strategy. In future study, the experimental on effect of weight change and alteration of downward stepping strategy using ankle joint may provide helpful information for development of enhanced program of prevention and rehabilitation on motor performance and injury.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

The occurrence of progressive collapse induced by the removal of the vertical load-bearing element in the structure, because of fire or earthquake, has been a significant challenge between structural engineers. Progressive collapse is defined as the complete failure or failure of a part of the structure, initiating with a local rupture in a part of the building and can threaten the stability of the structure. In the current study, the behavior of the structures equipped with a cylindrical friction damper, when the vertical load-bearing elements are eliminated, is considered in two cases: 1-The load-bearing element is removed under the gravity load, and 2-The load-bearing element is removed due to the earthquake lateral forces. In order to obtain a generalized result in the seismic case, 22 pair motions presented in FEMA p 695 are applied to the structures. The study has been conducted using the vertical push down analysis for the case (1), and the nonlinear time-history analysis for the second case using OpenSEES software for 5,10, and 15-story steel frames. Results indicate that, in the first case, the load coefficient, and accordingly the strength of the structure equipped with cylindrical friction dampers are increased considerably. Furthermore, the results from the second case demonstrate that the displacements, and consequently the forces imposed to the structure in the buildings equipped with the cylindrical friction damper substantially was reduced. An optimum slip load is defined in the friction dampers, which permits the damper to start its frictional damping from this threshold load. Therefore, the optimum slip load of the damper is calculated and discussed for both cases.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.162-166
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• 2011

In railway, Tie supports rail and plays a role that distribute train load to the ballast. Also, Tie and ballast resist against external force and fix the track position. But, weakening resistance of ballast and tie cause vertical displacement of tie and track irregularity. For reinforcement of track stiffness and reduction of track irregularity, KORAIL has developed Multi Branch type tie(GLORY Tie) that reinforced resistance than general PCT and installed in order to test in the field. This study measured and analyzed lateral resistance of ballast, wheel load of rail, bending strain of rail foot, vertical displacement and vibration acceleration of tie in order to evaluate performance of Multi Branch type tie in the field. According to the results of test, Multi Branch tie is excellent than general tie about lateral resistance of ballast and vertical displacement of tie. And, gap of measurement value between Multi Branch type tie and general tie about wheel load of rail, bending strain of rail foot were very small.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.251-256
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• 2006

This paper explains manufacturing process, analysis and experimental studies on a hybrid composite carbody of Korean tilting train. The composite carbody with length of 23m was manufactured as a sandwich structure composed of a aluminium honeycomb core and woven fabric carbon/epoxy faces. In order to evaluate deformational behavior of the composite carbody, the static load test under vertical load has been conducted. From the test, the vertical deflection an겨 cross sectional deformation of the carbody were analysed and measured. The maximum deflection along the side sill was 9.25mm in the experiment and 8.28mm in the analysis. The maximum cross sectional deformation was measured 5.42mm at carbody center in lateral direction and 4.06mm at roof center in vertical direction.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.823-826
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• 2014

The weight of soundproof panels is an important consideration in the design of both panels and supporting structures. The soundproof panels in noise barriers have to carry their net weight in wet condition respectively the reduced weight and also the weight of the above installed panels in wet condition without showing any failing. In this study, a compression test and a flexural test were performed to determine the maximum vertical load which a wood plastic composites (WPC) panel can bear. In addition, the maximum loading number and height of WPC panels in a noise barrier were calculated for full, simple, and continuous support conditions.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.55-69
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distributions of the fixed partial denture with five unit intermediate abutment. This fixed partial denture was attached to a three dimensional photoelastic epoxy resin model. Three dimensional photoelastic models were used, with the stress areas recorded photographically. A vertical load was applied to the second molar, which is the most posterior abutment of the fixed partial denture. Similarly, a vertical load was applied to the first molar because this tooth receives the heaviest masticatory load. These loads were added to two types of fixed partial denture. the rigid connector, and the nonrigid connector which was connected on the distal side of the intermediate abutment by a key and keyway device. After the stress patterns in surrounding tissues were observed, the following conclusions were as follows: 1. When the vertical load was applied to the first and second molars on the occlusal surfaces, the surrounding tissues of the roots of the canine, the second premolar, and the second molar were all compressive stresses. 2. When the vertical load was applied on the occlusal surface of the second molar, the tissue surrounding the roots of the canine, the second premolar, and the second molar all showed more stresses with the nonrigid connector than with the rigid connector. 3. When the vertical load was applied to the occlusal surface of the first molar, the stress concentration on the canine and the second molar was similar, whether the rigid or nonrigic connectors were used. However, on the second premolar, the stress concentration shown by the nonrigid connector was noticeably more than that shown by the rigid connector. 4. Whether the rigid or nonrigid connectors were used, when the load was placed on the first molar, the stress concentration on the canine and the second premolar was greater than that observed for the second molar. When the load was placed on the second molar, the load affected the second molar more than the canine and the second premolar.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.5-12
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• 1995

말뚝의 재하시험이 연직지지력을 추정하기 위한 다양한 정보를 제공한다 할지라도 시험 말뚝을 극한하중까지 도달하도록 충분히 재하시킨다는 것은 상당히 어려운 일이며, 이와 같이 파괴시까지 재하하지 못한 말뚝의 연직재하시험의 결과로부터 지지력을 추정하는데 있어서 많은 도해적 방법과 수학적 방법이 시도되었다. 파괴하중을 추정하기 위하여 Southwel 연 이론을 기초로 최대곡률을 이용한 해석적 방법이 필자 등에 의하여 발표된 바 있다. 여기서 파괴하중은 Crowther가 정의한 바와 같이 특정한 기준 을 초과하였을 때의 하중으로 정의하였다. 본 논문은 최대곡률 방법에 의한 허용하중을 결정하기 위하여 Davission의 방법 및 DIN 4014의 허용하중과 비교하여 최대곡률 방법의 안전율을 2.5로 제안하였다. 그 결과 파괴시까지 재하하지 못한 연직재하시험의 결과치로부터 말뚝의 연직지지력을 추정 하는데 있어서 최대곡률 방법에 의한 허용하중의 결정은 타당성이 있는 것으로 판단되었다.