• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2019

Background: The plant communities within reservoir drawdown zones are ecologically important as they provide a range of ecosystem services such as stabilizing the shoreline, improving water quality, enhancing biodiversity, and mitigating climate change. The aim of the study was therefore to identify the major environmental factors affecting these plant communities within the drawdown zone of the Soyangho Reservoir in South Korea, which experiences a monsoonal climate, and thereafter to (1) elucidate the plant species responses and (2) compare the soil seedbank composition along main environmental gradients. Results: Two main environmental gradients affecting the plant community structure were identified within the drawdown zone; these were a vertical and longitudinal gradient. On the vertical dimension, a hydrological gradient of flood/exposure, the annual-dominated plant community near the water edge changed to a perennial-dominated community at the highest elevation. On the longitudinal dimension from the dam to the upstream, plant species composition changed from an upland forest-edge community to a lowland riverine community, and this was correlated with slope degree, soil particle size, and soil moisture content. Simultaneously, the composition of the soil seedbank was separated along the vertical gradient of the drawdown zone, with mainly annuals near the water edge and some perennials at higher elevations. The species composition similarity between the seedbank and extant vegetation was greater in the annual communities at low elevation than in the perennial communities at higher elevation. Conclusions: The structures of plant community and soil seedbank in the drawdown zone of a monsoonal riverine reservoir were changed first along the vertical and secondly along the longitudinal gradients. The soil seedbank could play an important role on the vegetation regeneration after the disturbances of flood/exposure in the drawdown zone. These results indicate that it is important to understand the vertical and longitudinal environmental gradients affecting shoreline plant community structure and the role of soil seedbanks on the rapid vegetation regeneration for conserving and restoring the drawdown zone of a monsoonal reservoir.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.108-118
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• 1998

This study proposes th analysis and evaluation method of time series ultrasonic signal using the chaos feature extraction for ultrasonic pattern recognition. Features extracted from time series data using the chaos time series signal analyze quantitatively weld defects. For this purpose, analysis objective in this study is fractal dimension and Lyapunov exponent. Trajectory changes in the strange attractor indicated that even same type of defects carried substantial difference in chaosity resulting from distance shifts such as 0.5 and 1.0 skip distance. Such differences in chaosity enables the evaluation of unique features of defects in the weld zone. In quantitative chaos feature extraction, feature values of 4.511 and 0.091 in the case of side hole and 4.539 and 0.115 in the case of vertical hole were proposed on the basis of fractal dimension and Lyapunov exponent. Proposed chaos feature extraction in this study can enhances ultrasonic pattern recognition results from defect signals of weld zone such as side hole and vertical hole.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2021

Purpose: This article aims to provide a balanced understanding of the structural conditions and social processes involved in the creation and diffusion of innovation. Research design, data and methodology: Drawing on organizational and economic sociology and strategic management literature, this article offers a conceptual framework that highlights the two dimensions of network structures: the vertical dimension focusing on power and legitimacy vs. the horizontal dimension highlighting information value. By organizing the literature on the functions and consequences of network, this paper advances a theoretical perspective in understanding the vast array of empirical studies on innovation involving network analysis. Results: Using the proposed framework, this article explains how the mechanisms of power, legitimacy, and information value work together with social structural factors, thus enriching our understanding of innovation. This study reveals that the information mechanism (horizontal dimension) has been most important in innovation creation and diffusion, and that trust, credibility, and legitimacy are operative in innovation diffusion. Conclusions: This paper contributes to the literature by responding to calls to extend existing frameworks to better account for the dynamics between innovation and network. In addition, this article highlights how conceptualizing innovation within the horizontal-vertical dimensions of network structures, creates new opportunities for future research.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.1073-1080
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• 2010

In this paper, the centrifuge model tests were conducted for the sake of measuring three dimensional arching earth pressure while two step excavation of the vertical shaft. The results of the centrifuge model tests were compared to newly suggested arching earth pressure equation proposed by Kim et al(2009) and two dimension earth pressure(Rankine). As the results, Measured arching earth pressure revealed about 35 percentages of two dimension earth pressure(Rankine) and almost same as that of newly suggested arching earth pressure equation.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.46-49
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• 2010

BACKGROUND. Though implant dentistry is very successful and predictable in treatment of patients with destroyed dentition, there are some cases with limitations to implant therapy. In these cases, alternative treatment modality should be considered. CASE DESCRIPTION. A patient with destroyed dentition was rehabilitated with a lateral rotational path removable partial denture. According to the diagnosis, we determined to raise vertical dimension for esthetic and functional restoration. The final restoration was performed after four months of provisional period. CLINICAL IMPLICATION. The edentulous patients with compromised esthetics and functions can be successfully treated with a rotational path removable partial denture through adequate treatment planning and precise laboratory procedure.

• 치과방사선
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 1979

A study was made primarily to investigate vertical and horizontal distortion of the image at the apical region of the dental roots in orthopantomographs. The subjects consisted of two dry skulls with radiopaque materials attached to root surface. Measuring of the width and length of each predetermined point at 23 teeth was performed in dry skulls and radiographic films. The results obtained were as follows; 1. There was overall magnification of image in the vertical dimension. And anterior portion had greater magnification rate than posterior portion, while lower anterior portion had less magnification rate than upper anterior portion. 2. There was reduction of the image in the horizontal dimension of the teeth, because of the position relation between dry skull and image layer of the orthopantomograph. 3. There was a significant difference in distortion rate between the oposite teeth. 4. Cervical portion of the tooth had more decreased rate of horizontal distortion than apical portion.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2017

임기존 hader bar의 재위치 문제를 해결하고 무치악 환자에서 부적합한 악간관계 채득으로 인한 비심미적인 안모와 부적절한 교합문제를 해결하기 위해서 치아 상실 전의 자연치의 위치와 비슷한 위치로 교합고경 설정과 치아 배열을 수행했다. 부적합한 환자의 안모를 회복하여 심미적인 개선을 이루었고, 더불어 의치의 이차적인 심미에 대한 만족감을 최대한으로 높이기 위하여 컴포지트 레진을 사용하여 마무리하였다.

• 음성과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.107-121
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• 2000

In this paper, I investigate the acoustic correlates of a vowel's coarticulatory dynamics manifested in preceding and following consonants along two dimensions of the vocal tract: place of articulation and degree of constriction. Two dimensional coarticulation is not necessarily executed either concomitantly or proportionally, and the modification induced by coarticulation with a vowel in CVC structures is merely restricted to the CV portion; that is, the prevocalic consonant is modified solely in its constriction location. This is consistent with the observation that C-to-V place assimilation does not accompany consonant lenition in phonology, which suggests that phonetic nature is effectively reflected in phonological patterns.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.409-417
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• 2020

This case study is aimed at introducing a full-mouth rehabilitation of a patient with severe tooth wear using fixed prosthesis. This is a case report of a patient with severe wear dentition with changing vertical dimension. In line with using prosthetic treatment, patient adaptation was verified with provisional restorations followed by diagnostic wax-up. Function, esthetics, and occlusal stability were verified during a 4-week follow up period. Prosthodontic reconstruction based on systemic analysis, diagnosis, and treatment plan led to satisfactory results after delivery of definitive prosthesis. Prosthetic treatment of severe wear dentition was functionally and esthetically successful. Dentists and dental technicians would be able to develop better treatment approaches using fixed dental prosthesis.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 1969

The author measured vertical dimension of 675(326 of male and 349 of female) in normal Korean adult from 20 to 50 years of age between upper and lower muco-buccal fold on upper and lower central incisal portion at centric occlusion state. The following results were obtained.; 1) The distances from upper muco-buccal fold on upper anterior central incisal portion to lower muco-buccal fold on lower anterior central incisal portion at centric occlusion state were 37.57mm in male, 36.80mm in female and 37.19mm in average. The distances in male were longer than those of female. 2) According to increase age(from 20 to 50 years of age), the tendencies of vertical dimensional changes were increased slightly in 30~40 years group and decreased after 40 year in both sex. 3) The distances from upper muco-buccal fold on upper anterior central portion to upper central incisal edge were 20.77mm and from lower muco-buccal fold on lower anterior central incisal portion to lower central incisal edge were 18.88mm. The ratio between maxillary distances and mandibular distances was 1.4:0.9.