• Title/Summary/Keyword: vertical component

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Analysis of Lattice Temperature in Super Junction Trench Gate Power MOSFET as Changing Degree of Trench Etching

  • Lee, Byeong-Il;Geum, Jong Min;Jung, Eun Sik;Kang, Ey Goo;Kim, Yong-Tae;Sung, Man Young
    • JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.263-267
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    • 2014
  • Super junction trench gate power MOSFETs have been receiving attention in terms of the trade-off between breakdown voltage and on-resistance. The vertical structure of super junction trench gate power MOSFETs allows the on-resistance to be reduced compared with conventional Trench Gate Power MOSFETs. The heat release of devices is also decreased with the reduction of on-resistance. In this paper, Lattice Temperature of two devices, Trench Gate Power MOSFET and Super junction trench gate power MOSFET, are compared in several temperature circumstance with the same Breakdown Voltage and Cell-pitch. The devices were designed by 100V Breakdown voltage and measured from 250K Lattice Temperature. We have tried to investigate how much temperature rise in the same condition. According as temperature gap between top of devices and bottom of devices, Super junction trench gate power MOSFET has a tendency to generate lower heat release than Trench Gate Power MOSFET. This means that Super junction trench gate power MOSFET is superior for wide-temperature range operation. When trench etching process is applied for making P-pillar region, trench angle factor is also important component. Depending on trench angle, characteristics of Super junction device are changed. In this paper, we focus temperature characteristic as changing trench angle factor. Consequently, Trench angle factor don't have a great effect on temperature change.

Skew correction of face image using eye components extraction (눈 영역 추출에 의한 얼굴 기울기 교정)

  • Yoon, Ho-Sub;Wang, Min;Min, Byung-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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    • v.33B no.12
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    • pp.71-83
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    • 1996
  • This paper describes facial component detection and skew correction algorithm for face recognition. We use a priori knowledge and models about isolated regions to detect eye location from the face image captured in natural office environments. The relations between human face components are represented by several rules. We adopt an edge detection algorithm using sobel mask and 8-connected labelling algorith using array pointers. A labeled image has many isolated components. initially, the eye size rules are used. Eye size rules are not affected much by irregular input image conditions. Eye size rules size, and limited in the ratio between gorizontal and vertical sizes. By the eye size rule, 2 ~ 16 candidate eye components can be detected. Next, candidate eye parirs are verified by the information of location and shape, and one eye pair location is decided using face models about eye and eyebrow. Once we extract eye regions, we connect the center points of the two eyes and calculate the angle between them. Then we rotate the face to compensate for the angle so that the two eyes on a horizontal line. We tested 120 input images form 40 people, and achieved 91.7% success rate using eye size rules and face model. The main reasons of the 8.3% failure are due to components adjacent to eyes such as eyebrows. To detect facial components from the failed images, we are developing a mouth region processing module.

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An Efficient Pedestrian Recognition Method based on PCA Reconstruction and HOG Feature Descriptor (PCA 복원과 HOG 특징 기술자 기반의 효율적인 보행자 인식 방법)

  • Kim, Cheol-Mun;Baek, Yeul-Min;Kim, Whoi-Yul
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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    • v.50 no.10
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    • pp.162-170
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    • 2013
  • In recent years, the interests and needs of the Pedestrian Protection System (PPS), which is mounted on the vehicle for the purpose of traffic safety improvement is increasing. In this paper, we propose a pedestrian candidate window extraction and unit cell histogram based HOG descriptor calculation methods. At pedestrian detection candidate windows extraction stage, the bright ratio of pedestrian and its circumference region, vertical edge projection, edge factor, and PCA reconstruction image are used. Dalal's HOG requires pixel based histogram calculation by Gaussian weights and trilinear interpolation on overlapping blocks, But our method performs Gaussian down-weight and computes histogram on a per-cell basis, and then the histogram is combined with the adjacent cell, so our method can be calculated faster than Dalal's method. Our PCA reconstruction error based pedestrian detection candidate window extraction method efficiently classifies background based on the difference between pedestrian's head and shoulder area. The proposed method improves detection speed compared to the conventional HOG just using image without any prior information from camera calibration or depth map obtained from stereo cameras.

Some case histories to detect underwater buried objects by electrical and magnetic methods (수중 매장물 조사에 응용되는 전기 및 자기 탐사사례)

  • JUNG Hyun Key;Park Yeong-Sue;Lim Mutaek;Rim Hyoungrae
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2004.08a
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    • pp.118-137
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    • 2004
  • Recently underwater geophysical problems for historical relics or UXO's are raised frequently. This study includes the applicabilities and limitations of the recent underwater metal detector and domestic case stories for underwater survey by electrical and magnetic method. Direct or indirect case stories are electrical and vertical magnetic gradiometry surveys beneath Han-river bottom for planning subway tunnel, electrical exploration on lake-bottom, electrical exploration on the tidal flats using high-power transmitter, and borehole three-component magnetic and electromagnetic surveys for detecting the undersea objects. A design of potable real-time, high-speed measurement system using multi-channel array sensors is also introduced here. Further study will be focussed on practical field applications of the fast water-bottom scanning system which is lately required by actual field.

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Distributions of Urea and Urea Decomposition Rates in an Estuarine System of Mankyung and Dongjin Rivers, Korea (만경.동진강 하구계에서 요소와 요소 분해속도의 분포)

  • 심재형;조병철
    • 한국해양학회지
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.402-413
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    • 1994
  • To understand the significance of urea in the pool size of nitrogenous nutrients and in nitrogen (N) requirements of primary producers in and estuarine system of Mankyung and Dongjin rivers nutrients, and urea decomposition rates between June 1992 and February 1994. Urea concentration during the study period ranged from undetectable to 12.5 ug-at. N 1/SUP -1/, contributing to 0-96% (mean of 11%) of the total nitrogenous nutrients in the study area. Urea comprised a major component of the total nitrogenous nutrients when concentration of total nitrogenous nutrients was low. Urea decomposition rates in the water column ranged from 0.02 to 5.77 nM h/SUP -1/, and netplankton was the major decomposer of urea. Vertical distributions of urea decomposition rates in the water column showed generally small variabilities (i.e. < 3 fold). The decomposition rates of urea in the MD estuary would supply 0.2 ∼88.4% of phytoplankton N requirements. The major contribution of urea to phytoplankton N requirements was found when phytoplankton production was low (<50 mg C m/SUP -2/d/SUP -1/).

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Sensitivity Improvement of 3-D Hall Sensor using Anisotropic Etching and Ni/Fe Thin Films (트랜치 구조를 갖는 3차원 홀 센서의 감도 개선에 관한 연구)

  • 이지연;최채형
    • Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2001
  • The 3-D Hall sensor has two horizontal magnetic field sensing parts ($\chi$, y components) and one vertical magnetic field sensing part (z component). For conventional, 3-D Hall sensor it is general that the sensitivity for $B_{z}$ is about 1/10 compared with those for $B_\chi$ or $B_y$. Therefore, in this work, we proposed 3-D Hall sensor with new structure. We have increased the sensitivity about 6 times to form the trench using anisotropic etching. And we have increased the sensitivity for the $B_z$ by 80% compared with those of $B_\chi$ and$B_y$ using deposition of the ferromagnetic thin films on the bottom surface of the wafer to concentrate the magnetic fluxes. When the input current was 3 mA, sensitivities of the fabricated sensor with Ni/Fe film for $B_\chi, B_y$ and $B_{z}$ were measured as 120.1 mV/T, 111.7 mV/T, 95.3 mV/T, respectively. The measured linearity of the sensor was within $\pm$3% of error.

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Alternative Dispute Resolution for TV Format Disputes (TV포맷 분쟁에 대한 대체적 분쟁해결 방안)

  • Lee, Jae-Kyoung
    • Journal of Arbitration Studies
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.27-44
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    • 2016
  • The use of program formats has slowly but surely developed into an important component of the television industry. This article examines the surprising gap between the constantly growing, multi-billion-dollar trade of program formats and their unclear and contradictory legal treatment. From both the social and commercial standpoints, television formats are valuable creations. Understanding the two products, the paper and program stages, of a television format and their respective markets, is fundamental to discussions of its legal protection. Interestingly, under current law, the less-developed stages of the process (program ideas and paper formats) are awarded more protection than the aired program format, which accumulates higher levels of investment, creativity, and expression. Internal industry mechanisms, such as vertical integration, damage to reputation, and industry institutions, exist in both markets and are still able to control and influence members' behavior to some extent. However, while the influence of internal industry mechanisms is still strong in the paper format market, in the program format market, which continues to grow, such mechanisms have weakened, amplifying the importance of a clear legal system. The absence of protection will certainly not completely eliminate the production of new program formats. However, these factors do not add up to a case against protection. The changes in the program format market in the last two decades support the theory that the overall effect of providing legal protection for TV formats would promote beneficial competition and encourage more original creations. The underlying question for television formats should not be whether to protect but rather how.

Numerical analysis for Estimation of Overtopping Rate by using Irregular Wave (불규칙파에 의한 월파량산정의 수치해석법)

  • Kim, Do-Sam;Kim, Chang-Hoon;Lee, Min-Ki;Kim, Ji-Min
    • Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.373-376
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    • 2006
  • In general, a method for generating irregular wave by combination of component waves obtained from linear wave theory is widely used. In these method, however, mean water surface elevation is rising from time to time because of nonlinear effect of wave. In this study, for the rising problem of mean water surface elevation and stabilization of calculation from time to time, mass transport velocity for horizontal velocity at wave source position is considered. The rising problem of mean water surface elevation is checked by comparing calculated wave profile from numerical technique proposed in this study with target wave profile at wave source position in numerical wave tank by using CADMAS-SURF code. And, by generating irregular wave, the validity of wave overtopping rate estimated from this numerical analysis is discussed by comparing computed results with measured results in hydraulic model experiments for vertical seawall located on a sloping sea bottom. As a results, the computations are validated against the previously experimental results by hydraulic model test and numerical results of this study and a good agreement is observed. Therefore, numerical technique of this study is a powerful tool for estimating wave overtopping rate over the crest of coastal structure.

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Implementation of an Effective Human Head Tracking System Using the Ellipse Modeling and Color Information (타원 모델링과 칼라정보를 이용한 효율적인 머리 추적 시스템 구현)

  • Park, Dong-Sun;Yoon, Sook
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.684-691
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, we design and implement a system which recognizes and tracks a human head on a sequence of images. In this paper, the color of the skin and ellipse modeling is used as feature vectors to recognize the human head. And the modified time-varying edge detection method and the vertical projection method is used to acquire regions of the motion from images with very complex backgrounds. To select the head from the acquired candidate regions, the process for thresholding on the basis of the I-component of YIQ color information and mapping with ellipse modeling is used. The designed system shows an excellent performance in the cases of the rotated heads, occluded heads, and tilted heads as well as in the case of the normal up-right heads. And in this paper, the combinational technique of motion-based tracking and recognition-based tracking is used to track the human head exactly even though the human head moves fast.

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A study on the thermally-stimulated displacement current(TSDC) of the PAAS Langmuir-B1odgett(LB) films (PAAS LB 박막의 열자격 변위 전류에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Ho-Sik;Kim, Sang-Keol;Song, Min-Jong;Choi, Myung-Kyue;Lee, Won-Jae;Kim, Tae-Wan;Kang, Dou-Yol
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2000.10a
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    • pp.11-14
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    • 2000
  • This paper describes a thennally stimulated displacement current(TSDC) of polyamic acid alkylamine salts(PAAS) Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) films, which is a precursor of polyimide(PI). The TSDC measurements of PAAS LB film were performed from room temperature to about $250^{\circ}C$ and the temperature was increased at a rate of $0.2^{\circ}C/s$. This show that this is TSDC peaks at about $70^{\circ}C$ in the arachidic acid LB films, and at about $70^{\circ}C$ and $160^{\circ}C$ in the PAAS LB films. Results of this measurements indicate that one small peak at $70^{\circ}C$ is resulted from a softening of the alkyl group and the large peak at $160^{\circ}C$ is possibly due to dipole moment of C-O group in the PAAS molecule. We have calculated the vertical component of dipole moment of the P AAS LB film out of the TSDC curves. It shows that the dipole moment of PAAS LB film is about -40mD at $70^{\circ}C$ and about 200mD at $160^{\circ}C$ in the first measurement of TSDC. In the second measurement of TSDC of PAAS LB film after cooling down to room temperature, the TSDC peaks are almost disappeared.

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