• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.4B
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• pp.335-344
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• 2006

In this study, sequential mixing model (SMM) was proposed based on the Taylor's theory which can be summarized as the fact that longitudinal advection and transverse diffusion occur independently and then the balance between the longitudinal shear and transverse mixing maintains. The numerical simulation of the model were performed for cases of different mixing time and transverse velocity distribution, and the results were compared with the solutions of 1-D longitudinal dispersion model (1-D LDM) and 2-D advection-dispersion model (2-D ADM). As a result it was confirmed that SMM embodies the Taylor's theory well. By the comparison between SMM and 2-D ADM, the relationship between the mixing time and the transverse diffusion coefficient was evaluated, and thus SMM can integrate 2-D ADM model as well as 1-D LDM model and be an explanatory model which can represents the shear flow dispersion in a visible way. In this study, the predicting equation of the longitudinal dispersion coefficient was developed by fitting the simulation results of SMM to the solution of 1-D LDM. The verification of the proposed equation was performed by the application to the 38 sets of field data. The proposed equation can predict the longitudinal dispersion coefficient within reliable accuracy, especially for the river with small width-to-depth ratio.

• 재활복지
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.165-192
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• 2012

This study aims to develop a valid self-report scale for the community integration of persons with psychiatric disabilities. To this end, conducted were in-depth interviews with individuals with psychiatric disabilities, consultation with experts, and a survey. First, literature review and the in-depth interview with individuals with psychiatric disabilities were collected questionnaires regarding the community integration of persons with psychiatric disabilities. Second, preliminary research 1 focused on the selection and modification of the items collected in the first research. Final 44 items were selected by the verification of the importance and content-validity of items under the advices of professionals. Lastly, preliminaty research 2 applied cross-validation method to the data from 524 cases in order to verify the factor structure and concept-validity of the items. The result of exploratory factor analysis shows that 5 factor structures are the most appropriate, and the confirmatory factor analysis suggests that the Self-reporting Scale of Community Integration for the person with psychiatric disabilities consists of 27 questionnaires which compose 5sub-concepts such as'psychological integration','physical integration', 'social support', 'social integration', 'independence/self-actualization'. Moreover, this scale was significantly related to the 'Life Satisfaction scale for the person with psychiatric disabilities'. This proved concurrent validity of the scale.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2024

Over recent years, 6 Sigma has become a key methodology in manufacturing for quality improvement and cost reduction. However, challenges have arisen due to the difficulty in analyzing large-scale data generated by smart factories and its traditional, formal application. To address these limitations, a big data-based 6 Sigma approach has been developed, integrating the strengths of 6 Sigma and big data analysis, including statistical verification, mathematical optimization, interpretability, and machine learning. Despite its potential, the practical impact of this big data-based 6 Sigma on manufacturing processes and management performance has not been adequately verified, leading to its limited reliability and underutilization in practice. This study investigates the efficiency impact of DX SS, a big data-based 6 Sigma, on manufacturing processes, and identifies key success policies for its effective introduction and implementation in enterprises. The study highlights the importance of involving all executives and employees and researching key success policies, as demonstrated by cases where methodology implementation failed due to incorrect policies. This research aims to assist manufacturing companies in achieving successful outcomes by actively adopting and utilizing the methodologies presented.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.71-92
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• 2023

This study investigates the symbolism and meaning of the bead design, its relationship with the Silla culture, and the conditions of glass bead manufacturing to verify the theory of Silla's production of Silla face-inlaid glass beads with excellent artistry and technology. The research method includes investigating the design analysis, ancient documents, myths, relics, glass, and metal production techniques. Moreover, Hongshan cultural relics and other cases of inlaid glass beads were collected. There are records in the literature that the people of Makhan, Buyeo and Silla of ancient Korea people considered beads as treasures and used them for accessories. It was confirmed that all the design elements of the bead-patterned hair topknot, golden crown, birds, and flower trees were closely related to the myth of Kim Al-ji of Silla, the oviparous tales and the sacred birds and divine beasts of the north. Moreover, the pattern and arrangements were found to be similar in other Silla relics. The origin of beads and face pendants was Hongsan culture, and a stone cast for beads was discovered in Bukpyo of Gojoseon, the lower-level culture of Hajiajeom. In addition, excavating inlaid glass beads from Sik-ri tombs of Korea and a face-inlaid glass bead from Toganmori tombs in Japan confirms the theory of Silla's production. The fact that the Baekje people of ancient Korea had a glass bead manufacturing office in Japan in the fifth centuries suggests that the Silla people also had a manufacturing plant in Java, Indonesia, because this place was a crossroads of Silla's Sea Silk Road and a source of raw materials and labors with a close relationship to Silla. Therefore, the face-inlaid glass bead was indeed self-made by Silla, who possessed the tradition of bead myths and hair topknot, and the high-level skills such as gold crowns and metal inlays.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.157-164
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• 2023

The estuary dam is a structure installed and operated in a closed state except when flood event occurs to prevent inland saltwater intrusion and secure freshwater supply. However, the closed state of dam leads to issues such as eutrophication, so it is necessary to examine the extent of saltwater intrusion resulting from the opening of sluice gates. Groundwater, due to its subsurface conditions and slow flow characteristics, is widely analyzed using numerical models. OpenGeoSys, an open-source software capable of simulating Thermal- Hydraulic- Mechanical- Chemical phenomena, was adopted for this study. Simulations were conducted assuming natural flow conditions without dam and operating considering busy farming season, mostly from March to September. Verification of the model through analytical solutions showed error of 3.7%, confirming that OpenGeoSys is capable of simulating saltwater intrusion for these cases. From results simulated for 10 years, considering for the busy farming season, resulted in about 46% reduction in saltwater intrusion length compared to natural flow conditions, approximately 74.36 m. It may be helpful to make choices to use groundwater as a water resource.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.208-222
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• 2023

With the recent revision of 「Act on Promotion of the Transportation Convenience of Mobility Disadvantaged Persons」 and the Enforcement Regulations of the Act, bus business operators must introduce low-floor buses when scrapping buses. On the other hand, in the case of routes where low-floor buses cannot be operated, bus business operators can be exempted from introducing low-floor buses with the approval of their transportation administrative agency according to Article 4-2 of 「Enforcement Regulation of the Act on Promotion of the Transportation Convenience of Mobility Disadvantaged Persons」. According to the data from the Korea Bus Transportation Associations Federation, approximately 5.9% of all city bus routes were surveyed as the exceptions to introducing low-floor buses. Nevertheless the proportion is expected to increase because some regions with difficulties introducing low-floor buses are not included when calculating the proportion. By confirming the process of approving exceptions for introducing low-floor buses through local governments, there was no specific examination method or standard for approval of exceptions. Hence, there is the problem that some routes are approved as exceptions to introducing low-floor buses, even though low-floor buses can be operated on those routes. Therefore, this study aims to develop a manual that can objectively diagnose the overall operation environment of low-floor buses, such as road geometry and road facilities. Future research plans to apply it to more cases and improve it for more precise application in various contexts.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.71-81
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• 2024

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the global airport industry is actively introducing 4th Industrial Revolution technology-based systems for quarantine and passenger safety, and test bed construction and prior verification using airport infrastructure and resources are actively being conducted. Analysis of recent cases shows that despite the changing travel patterns of airport users and the diversification of airport service demands, most testbeds construction studies are still focused on suppliers, and task prioritization is also determined by decision makers. There is a tendency to rely on subjective judgment. In order to find practical ways to become a first mover that leads innovation in the aviation industry, this study selected tasks and derived priorities to build testbeds from a service perspective that reflects various customer service needs and changes. Research results using the AHP analysis method resulted in priorities in the order of access transportation and parking services (29.2%), security screening services (23.4%), and departure services (21.8%), and these analysis results were tested in the airport industry. It shows that innovation in testbeds construction is an important factor. In particular, the establishment of smart parking and UAM transportation testbeds not only helps strengthen airports as centers of technological innovation, but also promotes cooperation with companies, research institutes, and governments, and provides an environment for testing and developing new technologies and services. It can be a foundation for what can be done. The results and implications produced through this study can serve as useful guidelines for domestic and foreign airport practitioners to build testbeds and establish strategies.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.16
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• pp.59-76
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• 2005

The inner and outer environment surrounding companies becomes more insecure and unpredictable due to sudden changes. Because the change of environment surrounding companies can deeply affect the existence of companies, continuous innovation of organization is required to develope management ability. Also, to conquer insecure present and future of companies effectively, organizations of companies have voluntarily coped with insecurities and intense competitions through endless organization innovation. Externally, globalization, openness, and relaxed regulation intensify competitions; consumers' requests get varied; consciousness of members of organizations have changed. Due to those factors, companies are placed in a situation that they should practice endless inner innovation. Internally, competitive power has weakened due to decline in productivity and inefficiency of indirect parts of company has increased. From those factors, managers increasingly request inner innovation and pursue organization innovation for the purpose of effective usage of extra resources and being prepared for the future. The managers who operate organization innovation think that systematized approach to organization innovation is the most practical, and actually operate the thought. However, the negative side of the thought is not neglectable. To minimize inner and outer resistance and to operate organization innovation successfully, some innovation strategies that properly reflect several issues related to organization innovation should be prepared. Another words, organization innovation should be operated differently by cases that if it focuses on personal perspective or on organization's. For many cases of our country, several techniques of organization innovation have been adopted in a short time and operated without making its original use. Therefore, this study looks into major Issues that should be considered for more successful operation of organization innovation, from both personal aspect and organizational aspect. When considering such aspects and operate organization innovation, there is more possibility to succeed on organization innovation. Now, Korean companies have overcame trial period and reborn as global companies. Take warnings by the ordeal under IMF administration, this is time to secure international competitive power by using developed innovation techniques and transform to superior company. Managers need to recognize that to try successful organization innovation is the shortcut to reborn as competitive company, and should take a continuous and profound search for decisive factors to succeed on organization innovation. To operate successful organization innovation, first, at the step of planning organization. innovation, the company should understand the company's capability, position in market and relationship with competitors. Then, the company should establish a distinguished innovation strategy which is of the whole company's aspect, so that the company can freely choose various technique of organization innovation that suits for the company's capability and needs, and unfold the organization innovation movement. Establishing strategy in the aspect of the total company is very important because it offers clear focus of the purpose of adopt, priority and distribution of resources. Second, at the step of operating organization innovation, the company should define concrete purpose and method to evaluate the results that are expected to obtain by adopting organization innovation in advance. While pushing forward, the company should set proper time of examination(milestone) and inspect if expected results are shown. Third, at the step of afterward management of operating organization innovation, the company requires a thorough afterwards verification if targeted results are obtained and of confirmation of successful or failure factors. Also, the company should cultivate specialists in the company who can accumulate and continuously spread the know-how learned during organization innovation promotion, so the know-how don't remain only in certain departments or to a few people in charge. The company should also give effort to maintain the accumulated innovation techniques to be continued.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.81-90
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• 2002

Purpose : To establish and verify the proper and the practical IMRT (Intensity--modulated radiation therapy) patient QA (Quality Assurance). Materials and Methods : An IMRT QA which consists of 3 steps and 16 items were designed and examined the validity of the program by applying to 9 patients, 12 IMRT cases of various sites. The three step OA program consists of RTP related QA, treatment information flow QA, and a treatment delivery QA procedure. The evaluation of organ constraints, the validity of the point dose, and the dose distribution are major issues in the RTP related QA procedure. The leaf sequence file generation, the evaluation of the MLC control file, the comparison of the dry run film, and the IMRT field simulate image were included in the treatment information flow procedure QA. The patient setup QA, the verification of the IMRT treatment fields to the patients, and the examination of the data in the Record & Verify system make up the treatment delivery QA procedure. Results : The point dose measurement results of 10 cases showed good agreement with the RTP calculation within $3\%$. One case showed more than a $3\%$ difference and the other case showed more than $5\%$, which was out side the tolerance level. We could not find any differences of more than 2 mm between the RTP leaf sequence and the dry run film. Film dosimetry and the dose distribution from the phantom plan showed the same tendency, but quantitative analysis was not possible because of the film dosimetry nature. No error had been found from the MLC control file and one mis-registration case was found before treatment. Conclusion : This study shows the usefulness and the necessity of the IMRT patient QA program. The whole procedure of this program should be peformed, especially by institutions that have just started to accumulate experience. But, the program is too complex and time consuming. Therefore, we propose practical and essential QA items for institutions in which the IMRT is performed as a routine procedure.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.67
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• pp.195-227
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• 2021

In a situation where it is difficult to plan face-to-face worship or assembly-type evangelism due to the continuation of the corona pandemic, it seems that evangelism is not a way to present the gospel, but to strengthen the gospel life. This is the era of evangelism as a spiritual care where the church can comfort those who are struggling and share the gospel naturally by accompanying them, and the time has come to set and practice various ministry directions that combine Christian education and counseling. At this time, this paper aims to analyze not only in the area of counseling, but also studies and papers on professional ministry through a convergence and complex approach between Christian education and counseling. This study focused on the papers on practical trials and cases. The research contents to be dealt with include the concept and understanding of counseling in Christian education, the application of counseling as various Christian education methods, and the development of programs necessary for the field. In addition, the purpose of this study is to analyze what kind of trend characteristics the subjects developed in advance show, what kind of trend characteristics research methodologies were used in the preceding studies, and what are the issues and tasks of Christian education and counseling based on the subject and method analysis. This study aims to analyze various influences on Korean society by meta-analyzing the discourse and issues of Christian education and counseling developed in the field of Christian education in Korea and suggest the convergence and direction of counseling in the field of Christian education in the future. First, many studies should be conducted to lay a systematic and clearer theoretical foundation for the convergence and complex approach of Christian education and counseling. Second, various studies on the understanding and psychological evaluation of learners based on psychology should be conducted. Finally, research on various counseling techniques should be conducted in Christian education counseling, and in particular, various studies on the application and practice of Christian education counseling using basic counseling theory should be conducted. The author also hope that studies on effectiveness verification based on utilization cases will be actively carried out to develop counseling programs that can help our neighbors who are struggling during the coronavirus era and provide direction for Christian education counseling.