• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.504-510
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• 2003

Simultaneous measurements of turbulent velocity and concentration field in a stirred mixer tank are carried out by using PIV/LIF technique. Instantaneous velocity fields are measured with a 1K$\times$1K CCD camera adopting the frame straddle method while the concentration fields are obtained by measuring the fluorescence intensity of Rhodamine B tracer excited by the second pulse of Nd:Yag laser light. Image distortion due to the camera view-angle is compensated by a mapping function. It is found that the general features of the mixing pattern are quite dependent on the local flow characteristics during the rapid decay of mean concentration. However, the small scale mixing seems to be independent on the local turbulent velocity fluctuation.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.240-242
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• 2008

In the present article, we analyze airborne Pi-SAR (Polarimetric-Interferometric SAR) X-band images of ocean waves around the Miyake Island at approximately 180 km south from Tokyo, Japan. Two images of a same scene were produced at approximately 40 min. interval from two directions at right angles. One image shows dominant range travelling waves, but the other image shows a different wave pattern. This difference can be caused by the different image modulations of RCS and velocity bunching. We have estimated the dominant wavelength from the image of range waves, and from the wave phase velocity computed from the dispersion relation (though no wave height data were available), the image intensity is computed by using the velocity bunching model. The comparison of the result with the second image at right angle strongly suggests the evidence of velocity bunching.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2002

Simultaneous measurement of turbulent velocity and concentration field in a stirred mixer tank is carried out by using PIV/LIF technique. Instantaneous velocity fields are measured by a $1K\times1K$ CCD camera adopting the frame straddle method while the concentration fields are obtained by measuring the fluorescence intensity of Rhodamine B tracer excited by the second pulse of Nd:Yag laser light. Image distortion due to the camera view-angle is compensated by a mapping function. It is found that the general features of the mixing pattern are quite dependent on the local flow characteristics during the rapid decay of mean concentration. However, the small scale mixing seems to be independent on the local turbulent velocity fluctuation.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.85 no.5
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• pp.645-654
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• 2023

Based on first-order shear deformation theory, a wave propagation model of graphene platelets reinforced metal foams (GPLRMFs) circular plates is built in this paper. The expressions of phase-/group- velocities and wave number are obtained by using Laplace integral transformation and Hankel integral transformation. The effects of GPLs pattern, foams distribution, GPLs weight fraction and foam coefficient on the phase and group velocity of GPLRMFs circular plates are discussed in detail. It can be inferred that GPLs distribution have great impacts on the wave propagation problems, and Porosity-I type distribution has the largest phase velocity and group velocity, followed by Porosity-III, and finally Porosity-II; With the increase of the GPLs weight fraction, the phase- and group- velocities for the GPLRMFs circular plate will be increased; With the increase of the foam coefficient, the phase- and group- velocities for the GPLRMFs circular plate will be decreased.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.281-291
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• 2023

Due to the fact that the nonlinear low-velocity impact response of graphene platelets reinforced metal foams (GPLRMF) doubly curved shells have not been investigated in the existing works, this paper aims to solve this issue. Using Reddy's high-order shear deformation theory (HSDT), the nonlinear governing equations of GPLRMF doubly curved shells are obtained by Euler-Lagrange method, discretized by Galerkin principle, and solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method to obtain the impact force and central deflection. The nonlinear Hertz contact law is applied to determine the contact force. Finally, the impacts of graphene platelets (GPLs) distribution pattern, porosity distribution form, porosity coefficient, damping coefficient, impact parameters (radius and initial velocity), GPLs weight fraction, pre-stressing force and different shell types on the low-velocity impact curves are analyzed. It can be found that, among the four shell structures, the impact resistance of spherical shell is the best, while that of cylindrical shell is the worst.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.219-222
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• 2001

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effects of the stenting shapes on flow velocity and wall shear stress in angulated coronary stenosis by computer simulation. Coronary angiogram and Doppler ultrasound measurement in the patients with angulated coronary stenosis were obtained. Inlet wave velocity distribution obtained from in vivo intracoronary Doppler data was used for the numerical simulation. Spatial pattern of blood flow velocity and recirculation area were drawn through out the selected segment of coronary models. Wall shear stresses in the intracoronary stent models were calculated from three-dimensional computer simulation. A negative shear stress region, which is consistent with re-circulation area on flow pattern, was noted on the inner wall of post-stenotic area of pre-stenting model. The negative shear stress was disappeared after stenting. Shear stress in the post-stenting model was markedly reduced up to about two orders of magnitude compared to that of the pre-stenting model.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.414-423
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• 1994

The planar laminar impingement jet with a confinement plate has been studied numerically. Discretzing the convection term with the QUICKER scheme, the full Navier-Stokes equations for fluid flow were solved using the well known SIMPLER algorithm. The flow characteristics with Reynolds number and jet exit velocity profile effects on it were considered for H=3, Re=200 - 2000. Results show that vortical flow forms in turn along the confinement and impingement plates as the Reynolds number increases and such a complicated flow pattern has never been reported prior. The jet exit velocity profile is shown to do an important role in determining the position of vortex flow and its size as well as in stagnation and wall jet flow region. Parabolic jet exit profile results in peak of skin friction 1.4-1.6 times greater than that of uniform profile. The channel height effects are also studied and shown to have an effect on flow pattern similar to that of Reynolds number. Also shown is that effects of the jet exit velocity profile becomes less significant over a certain channel height.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.477-485
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• 2014

Imha Reservoir is connected to Andong Reservoir via a diversion tunnel allowing water to pass between. The diversion tunnel is equipped with screens to exclude exotic largemouth bass due to their predatory impacts on prey assemblages resulting in a degradation of species richness of local fish fauna and extinction of local fish populations in Korea. Flow pattern changes resulting from the fish screens and trash racks were investigated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Numerical simulations showed that the decrease in the discharge capacity of the tunnel is approximately 8.6% and the headloss coefficient for fish screen at Andong intake tower was determined to be 1.5. In order not to allow the small fishes enough to pass through the wire openings enter into Imha Reservoir through tunnel, the velocity in the tunnel should be greater than 1.48 m/s which is a critical ascending velocity of the bass. This study suggests that it can keep the velocity higher enough to exclude largemouth bass when a gate opens with the condition of 1.0m difference in water stage between two reservoirs.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.219-231
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• 2009

Numerical simulations have been carried out for a 138K LNG Carrier (KLNG) model ship with free surface, using WAVIS 2.0 and Fluent 6.3.26 with various $y^+$ values and different grid densities. Level-set method for free surface capturing was adopted in WAVIS, while VOF has been used in Fluent. The calculated results were compared with the experiment data. Resistance coefficient, wave pattern, wave profile along the hull surface, axial velocity contours and transverse vectors had been analyzed. When the first $y^+$ value was fixed at 60, the simulation results from both WAVIS and Fluent were improved as the number of grids increased. The convergence time of WAVIS was much shorter than that of Fluent. Furthermore, WAVIS predicted the velocity field and the wave profile along the hull surface better than Fluent. However, Fluent gave better wave patterns.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.142-149
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• 2006

A PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) was applied to measure in-cylinder velocity field according to inlet valve angle during intake stroke. Two engines, one is conventional DOHC 4 valve and the other is narrow valve angle, were used to compare real intake flow. The results show that the intake flow pattern of conventional engine is more complicated than that of narrow angle one in horizontal plane and the vertical component of in-cylinder flow is rapidly decayed at the end stage of intake. On the other hand, the flow pattern of narrow angle one is relatively well arranged in horizontal plane and the vertical velocity component remains so strongly that forms large-scale strong tumble. Two engines also form commonly three tumble; two are small and bellow the intake valve and one is large-scale. The center of large scale tumble moves to bottom of cylinder as the vertical velocity increases.