• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.186-190
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• 2015

Intelligent vehicle plans motion and navigate itself based on the surrounding environment perception. Hence, the precise environment recognition is an essential part of self-driving vehicle. There exist many vulnerable road users (e.g. vehicle, pedestrians) on vehicular driving environment, the vehicle must percept all the dynamic obstacles accurately for safety. In this paper, we propose an multiple vehicle tracking algorithm using microwave radar. Our proposed system includes various special features. First, exceptional radar measurement model for vehicle, concentrated on the corner, is described by mixture density network (MDN), and applied to particle filter weighting. Also, to conquer the curse of dimensionality of particle filter and estimate the time-varying number of multi-target states, reversible jump markov chain monte carlo (RJMCMC) is used to sampling step of the proposed algorithm. The robustness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through several computer simulations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.549-554
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• 2014

Studies on the intelligent vehicles that are converged with IT and vehicular technologies are currently under active discussion. A variety of communication technologies for safety intelligent vehicle services are support. As such intelligent vehicles use communication technologies, they are exposed to the diverse factors of security threats. To conduct intelligent vehicle security authentication solutions, there are some factors that can be adopted ownership, knowledge and biometrics[6,7]. This paper proposes to analyze the factors to threaten intelligent vehicle, which are usually intruded through communication network system and the security solution using biometric authentication scheme. This study proposed above user's biometrics information-based authentication scheme that can solve the anticipated problems with an intelligent vehicle, which requires a higher level of security than existing authentication solution.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2012.05b
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• pp.481-485
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• 2012

차량 통신 네트워크(VANET, Vehicular Ad Hoc Network)는 운전자 안전 정보 및 ITS(Intelligent Transp ortation System) 서비스를 지원하기 위해 IEEE 1609.4와 IEEE 802.11p를 활용한다. 그러나 차량 노드들의 숫자가 증가할 경우에는 트래픽 경합 문제(Traffic Contention Problem), 숨은 터미널 문제(Hidden Terminal Problem), 전송 지연 문제, 경합으로 인한 패킷 손실 문제, 처리량 감소 문제, MAC의 동적 채널 할당 방법 등 많은 문제점이 발생한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 IEEE 1609.4와 IEEE 802.11p 기반 차량 통신 네트워크의 특징을 살펴봄으로써 기존 제안되었던 차량 통신 네트워크를 위한 MAC 및 멀티채널 기술의 특징의 장단점을 분석한다. 또한 분석된 문제점을 해결하기 위한 연구 방향을 제시한다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.23-30
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• 2022

Recently, traffic congestion and environmental pollution have occurred due to population concentration and vehicle increase in large cities. Various studies are being conducted to solve these problems. Most of the traffic congestion in cities is caused by traffic signals at intersections. This paper proposes a dynamic traffic light control (DTLC) scheme to support safe vehicle operation and smooth traffic flow using real-time traffic information based on VANET. DTLC receives instantaneous speed and directional information of each vehicle through road side units (RSUs) to obtain the density and average speed of vehicles for each direction. RSUs deliver this information to traffic light controllers (TLCs), which utilize it to dynamically control traffic lights at intersections. To demonstrate the validity of DTLC, simulations were performed on average driving speed and average waiting time using the ns-2 simulator. Simulation results show that DTLC can provide smooth traffic flow by increasing average driving speed at dense intersections and reducing average waiting time.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.325-336
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• 2023

With the development of autonomous driving technology, the number of external contact sensors mounted on vehicles is increasing, and the importance is also rising. The vehicular ultrasonic sensor uses the LIN protocol in the form of a bus topology and reports a status message about its surroundings through the vehicle's internal network. Since ultrasonic sensors are vulnerable to various threats due to poor security protocols, physical testing on actual vehicle is needed. Therefore, this paper developed a LIN-CAN co-analysis testbed with a jig for location-specific distance test to examine the operational relation between LIN and CAN caused by ultrasonic sensors.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.56-63
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• 2009

The IEEE 802.11 standard has been used for wireless data networks such as wireless LAN, ad-hoc network, and vehicular ad-hoc network. Thus, the performance analysis of the IEEE 802.11 specification has been one of the hottest issues for network optimization and resource management. Most of the analysis studies were performed in a data plane of the IEEE 802.11 unicast. However, IEEE 802.11 broadcast is widely used for topology management, path management, and data dissemination. Thus, it is important to understand the performance of the broadcast scheme for the design of efficient wireless data network. In this contort, we analyze the IEEE 802.11 broadcast scheme in terms of the broadcast frame reception probability according to the distance from a sending node. Unlike the other works, our analysis framework includes not only the system parameters of the IEEE 802.11 specification such as transmission range, data rate, minimum contention window but also the networking environments such as the number of nodes, network load, and the radio propagation environments. Therefore, our analysis framework is expected to be used for the development of protocols and algorithms in a dynamic wireless data network.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.105-114
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• 2009

Messages exchanged among vehicles must be authenticated in order to provide collision avoidance and cooperative driving services in VANET. However, digitally signing the messages can violate the privacy of users. Therefore, we require authentication systems that can provide conditional anonymity. Recently, Zhang et al. proposed conditionally anonymous authentication system for VANET using tamper-resistant hardware. In their system, vehicles can generate identity-based public keys by themselves and use them to sign messages. Moreover, they use batch verification to effectively verify signed messages. In this paper, we provide amelioration to Zhang et al.'s system in the following respects. First, we use a more efficient probabilistic signature scheme. Second, unlike Zhang et al., we use a security proven batch verification scheme. We also provide effective solutions for key revocation and anonymity revocation problems.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6A
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• pp.799-808
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• 2008

The analysis of vehicular loads reflecting the domestic traffic circumstances is necessary for the development of adequate design live load models in the analysis and design of cable-supported bridges or the development of fatigue load models to predict the remaining lifespan of the bridges. This study intends to develop an ANN(artificial neural network)-based Bridge WIM system and Influence line-based Bridge WIM system for obtaining information concerning the loads conditions of vehicles crossing bridge structures by exploiting the signals measured by strain gauges installed at the bottom surface of the bridge superstructure. This study relies on experimental data corresponding to the travelling of hundreds of random vehicles rather than on theoretical data generated through numerical simulations to secure data sets for the training and test of the ANN. In addition, data acquired from 3 types of vehicles weighed statically at measurement station and then crossing the bridge repeatedly are also exploited to examine the accuracy of the trained ANN. The results obtained through the proposed ANN-based analysis method, the influence line analysis method considering the local behavior of the bridge are compared for an example cable-stayed bridge. In view of the results related to the cable-stayed bridge, the cross beam ANN analysis method appears to provide more remarkable load analysis results than the cross beam influence line method.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.117-124
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• 2009

In this paper, we have developed communication modules for ubiquitous transportation sensor network (u-TSN). The developed module can be used for intelligent transportation services. The developed systems are based on IEEE 802.11a and IEEE 802.11g technologies for vehicle and infrastructure systems, respectively. We have found that the throughput for the developed systems is at maximum around 15 Mbps. It is reduced to 10 Mbps at a long distance and high speed condition. The performance is enough to support traffic control services in dense traffic condition.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.428-432
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• 2011

차량 통신 네트워크(VANET, Vehicle Ad hoc NETwork)는 ITS(Intelligent Transport System)의 발전과 함께 운전자의 안전 및 교통 정보, 긴급 메시지 등과 같은 서비스를 실시간으로 가능하게 할 수 있는 차세대 네트워크 기술이다. 이러한 차량 통신 네트워크는 현재 IEEE P1609에서 정의하고 있으며, WAVE(Wireless Access Vehicular Environment)로 알려져 있다. WAVE는 차량에 설치된 OBU(Onboard Unit)와 주변시설에 설치된 RSU(Road Side Unit)을 통하여 통신하며, 차량 간 통신을 지원하는 V2V(Vehicle to Vehicle)와 차량과 주변시설과의 통신을 지원하는 V2I(Vehicle to Infrastructure)로 나뉘어져 있다. 하지만 WAVE에서 정의하고 있는 네트워크 서비스(IEEE P1609.4)는 OBU와 RSU 간의 네트워크 서비스에 초점을 맞추고 있기 때문에 전체 네트워크의 QoS를 보장하기에는 미흡한 상태이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 차량 통신 네트워크에서 End-to-End 간의 QoS 보장을 위한 무선 메쉬 네트워크 기반의 라우팅 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 무선 메쉬 네트워크 노드의 호스트 라우터 기능을 통하여 차량 노드와 이기종 간의 네트워크 서비스를 가능하게 하며, 무선 메쉬 네트워크의 다중 채널을 이용하여 데이터의 중요도에 따른 차등 서비스를 지원한다. ns-2를 이용한 시뮬레이션 결과 제안하는 알고리즘이 QoS를 보장함으로써 차량 통신 네트워크의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있음을 입증하였다.