• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2000

For the purpose of building up the construction prospects of highway in consideration of natural environment. The tree planting and flower seeding in highway road side using native species were offered to natural landscape and resting area landscaping for peoples, and these area were 194place. The tree planting and flower seeding activity is to improve driving circumstances, and to conserve living and natural environment along the highways. And, preparation of ecotone and biotope at the highway surroundings for natural ecosystem conservation is an important activity, and planting of natural plants is generally carried out near wildlife ecoroads in order to give the way for animals. The primary purpose of this tree planting and seeding is not only to reduce environmental pollution, but also to enhance the ecological surroundings of highway circumference. Ultimately, It is essential that the constructive method of highway think over such as ecological environment and road design, surveying and management, construction, highway maintenance etc.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.51-57
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• 1999

Planting methods of seeding, seed net, sprig net and sprigging were evaluated for influence on the covering rate and the growth of Phragmites spp. The results were as follows. 1. Covering rate was high within 4 months when propagated by sprig net, seeding and sprigging but became same within 5 months afterwards regardless of Planting methods. 2. Growth of leaf height and width was high on vegetative types of Planting methods such as sprig net and sprigging when compared with on seed types of Planting methods such as seeding and seed net. 3. Sprig net showed good covering rate and growth than sprigging when compared within vegetative types of planting. 4. In this study, sprig net was figured out as the best type of Planting methods than any other types of Planting methods for the restoration of a shore vegetation in a urban stream.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.132-139
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• 2010

To manage the effluent nutrients amounts from rice paddy fields using free range ducks or rice bran, we evaluated the effects of a purifying paddy field which is no fertilizer, no pesticides, and dense rice seedling having a concept of constructed wetland. The experimental paddy field was located at downstream in the watershed of ducks using rice culture area in Milyang. The purifying paddy of land design were treated with seeding method, and vegetation type. As land design, direct seeding on plane, and direct seeding on high-ridge field in 2007. Planting rice only, and planting rice with water hyacinth were treated as vegetation type in purifying paddy in 2008. The purifying paddy fields were effective to reduce amount of T-N and T-P contents in effluent to 33.2~45.3%, and 53.1~55.4%, respectively. The direct seeding on high-ridge treatment, having long residence time of effluent water was more effective than plane plot as T-N 0.29 $g^{-1}m^{-2}d^{-1}$, and T-P 0.031 $g^{-1}m^{-2}d^{-1}$. The planting rice with water hyacinth treatment was effective than planting rice only as T-N 0.23 $g^{-1}m^{-2}d^{-1}$, and T-P 0.049 $g^{-1}m^{-2}d^{-1}$. The optimum area of purifying paddy field to treats all effluent were found out 3.2~4.7% of rice culture area using free range ducks, and rice bran at upper stream.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.481-495
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• 2022

이 연구는 산림복원사업 이후 유입되는 귀화식물과 생태계교란 식물의 실태 및 사업의 특성에 따라 나타나는 양상을 파악하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 현장조사는 산림청에서 수행한 산림복원사업지 29개소를 대상으로 2020년과 2021년 봄철(5~6월), 여름철(8~9월)로 나누어 연 2회 실시하였고, 사업 범위 밖의 지역은 조사에서 제외하여 실제 복원사업 후 도입 및 유입되었다고 볼 수 있는 식물을 파악할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 대상지 내 분포하는 귀화식물상과 복원사업 준공내역 확인을 통해 현장에 실제 적용된 공종과의 연관성을 분석하였다. 전체 대상지에서 출현한 귀화식물은 29과 80속 108종 1아종으로 109분류군이며, 생태계교란 식물은 총 3과 7속 8종이 확인되었다. 귀화식물의 분류군 수와 귀화율은 사업 후 소요시간이 증가함에 따라 점차 감소하는 추세를 보였고, 귀화식물 분류군 수와 귀화율은 권역 간 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나(p>0.05), 훼손 유형별 귀화식물 분류군 수의 경우 백두대간 단절 구간과 채석지, 시설부지 등의 유형에서 출현한 귀화식물 수가 상대적으로 많았다(p<0.05). 복원지 내 나지 및 비탈면의 녹화를 위한 식생도입 방법인 종자 파종, 나무 식재, 초본 식재, 떼붙임 공종의 유무에 따른 귀화율 비교 분석 결과, 종자파종을 할 경우 귀화율은 평균 15.545%로 파종 공종이 없는 경우의 평균 9.167%에 비해 높은 것으로 나타났고(p<0.05), 그 외 다른 식생도입 방법은 공종 적용 유무에 따라 귀화율의 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>0.05). 이는 식물체의 형태를 확인하고 어느 정도 제어할 수 있는 나무 식재와 초본 식재, 떼붙임 공종과는 달리 종자 상태에서 귀화식물 여부의 파악이 까다로운 종자 파종 공종이 산림복원사업지 내 귀화식물 도입에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 복원지 내 종자 파종 시 종자 전문가에 의한 검수 과정의 도입이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 이 연구의 결과는 향후 산림복원사업 시 식생 도입 및 사후관리의 방향설정에 도움이 되는 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.61-72
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• 1996

최근 축조된 습지를 이용한 폐수처리에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 이는 습지이용시스템이 자연정화법을 이용한 처리법으로써 에너지의 소모량이 적고 유지관리가 비교적 간단하며 기술적 난점이 적기 때문으로 판단된다. 그래서 이러한 시스템은 우리나라 농촌지역에서 특히 응용될 수 있는 처리법이라고 생각된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 처리법을 우리나라에서 적용할 수 있도록 미국 등 구미선진국에서 개발된 축소형 습지에 대한 설계기준에 대해서 논하였다. 본 논문에서 중점적으로 논한 것은 식생의 종류, 자연적 천이와 관리, 식재기법, 파종기법 및 건설 후의 관리이다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2006

국내의 산불 피해지에서 식생 복구를 위해 주로 적용되는 단순 개별과 조림은 초기에 토사 유출을 과도하게 발생시킬 수 있으므로, 토양 안정화를 위해서 조림 복구 시기의 조절을 고려해야 하고, 자연 복원력이 낮은 지역에는 토양 안정성을 증진시키는 사면 처리가 필요하다. 본 종설에서는 주로 북미와 유럽 지역에서 산불 피해 산림의 토양 보존을 위해 수행되었던 대표적인 사면 처리 기술인 씨뿌리기, 멀칭, 통나무 경사막이 등의 효과에 대하여 고찰하였다. 씨뿌리기는 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 방법임에도 불구하고 식생 피도와 토양 침식에 미치는 영향은 분명치 않으며, 자생 식물의 재생을 저해하는 부정적인 효과가 밝혀졌다. 멀칭은 토양 침식의 감소에 효과적이지만, 역시 외래 식물종의 도입과 자생종 재생의 저해라는 부정적인 효과도 있음이 밝혀졌다. 통나무 경사막이의 효과에 대한 연구는 극히 제한적이지만, 강우량이 적은 시기에는 효과가 있으나 많은 시기에는 효과가 뚜렷하지 않다는 연구가 보고되어 있다. 이와 같이 산불 피해지의 사면처리는 자연 복원력이 높은 지역에 불필요하게 적용하였을 때 오히려 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있음으로, 자연 복원력이 낮으며 자생종의 재생보다 강우 및 토사 유출의 감소가 시급한 지역에 선택적으로 처리하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한 강우 및 토사 유출 감소 여부, 외래 식물종의 도입, 멀칭으로 인한 식생 재생의 저해 등과 관련한 장기적인 모니터링이 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

A variety of revegetation methods are being utilized and developed. However, most of revegetation methods used on highway slopes in Korea are based on foreign-introduced plant varieties to stabilize road surfaces and to administer afforestation for surface covering at an earlier phase. Therefore. it results in various problems. such as failure to achieve harmony with the surrounding vegetation and 10 cause re-denudation of slopes as the foreign-in introduced plant varieties wane out from 2~3 years after hydro-seeding, etc. In addition, some of the revegetation plants seeded in the earlier phase grow excessively high, thus causes successional problems, such as to inhibit the invasion of the secondary vegetation from the surrounding areas, etc. Therefore, in this study, 160 slopes located in the nationwide express highways have been investigated and analyzed in order to produce basic data for restoration of ecological environment in slopes created on a long-term basis by investigating and analyzing locational characteristics of cut and filled slopes in express highways, status of revegetation methods, characteristics of soil and plant-ecological environment. 1. Investigation on cut and embanked slopes in express highways was carried out in the total of 160 locations, which include 108 cut slopes and 52 embanked slopes. As a whole, the most frequently used revegetation method was seed spray, which was found to be used in the total of 55 target slops investigated. 2. Planting method of Wistaria floribunda applied to some of the blasted rock zones was found to cause damages as Wistaria floribunda trailed up the surrounding vegetation and the secondary invaded trees. In order to prevent this, this method must be used only in the lowest parts of large-sized slopes. Also, it will be required to administer continuous management and maintenance in the areas already planted with this plants. 3. The areas of blasted rock and ripping rock slopes were applied with coir net (net + seeding) method. However, many of these areas failed in achieving ground covering. Most areas where revegetation was in progress, they were covered with Eragrostis curvula(Weeping lovegrass) only. In areas with soil, such as decomposition of granite, where afforestation is difficult. In this slopes, soil base must be improved by hrdroseeding with thin-layer vegetation base application methods in order to achieve success in afforestation with native plants. 4. Woody species, rather than herb species, are more helpful in stabilization of slope surfaces. Therefore, it is important to be able to grow and protect woody species on highway slopes. Growth of woody vegetation is most largely influenced by soil depth. Thus, when hydro-seeding woody plants, it is recommended to apply at the upper layer of the slopes, which is capable to sufficiently provide the fundamentals required in plant growth.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.72-85
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to establish the basis of the ecological restoration on the limestone mines in Korea, through the research of the revegetation measures of the disturbed slopes in Japanese limestone mines and the analysis of the case of Ibuki and Bukou limestone mines to realize the restoration works successfully. According to the number of mines to carry out the revegetation works increase every year, the revegetation area and amount of planting also go on increasing in Japan. In the small mines the environmental problem is not recognized seriously, but some mines have muchly invested in the revegetation of the damaged land by mines. Ibuki mine in Shiga-gen is practicing the four principles for the restoring of the revegetation in the disturbed slopes by mines. Firstly, the mean slope preserves $37^{\circ}$ in the last rock cut slopes. Secondly, the last rock cut slopes to rehabilitate are covered with the soil dressing 30cm high. Thirdly, the grasses in the mining area are digged up beforehand, and then they are reused to the revegetation works of rock cut slopes. Lastly, from the upper rock cut slopes the revegetation works begin, the process of the above are repeated, as the result, the restoring works will be completed. Upon the ground of these principles, the complex of the original vegetation and the native species seeding, that is, the revegetation technique of Ibuki have established. In the difficult area to revegetate, sodding works, heaping up vegetation-sack, seed-spraying, heaping up soil-sacks and planting works are adapted variously. Bukou mine in Saitama-gen try to maintain the revegetation, the screening and the stability of the enormous mining rock cut slope, and for these works, the activity of 'Chichibu Working Group of Rock Wall for Limestone Mines' contributes largely. The chief technique of the revegetation in Bukou mine is following; after the making the berm on the rock cut slopes, the soil dressing is filled in it, and the trees is planted for the screening of the rock cut slopes. They devide the rock cut slopes into four typical types, and choose the different ways to make the berm and fill the soil dressing in characteristic. Most of the planting trees are consist ofthe native species of Mt. Bukou through the stages of the nursery and transplantation. Not only the revegetation of the demaged land but also the breeding of the conservational plants also are their important business.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.62-69
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• 1999

This study was carried out to find out the capability of applying such materials as porous concrete, could be called environmentally friendly materials, for bringing vegetations. For verying the purpose of the experiments such materials as potland cement and slag cement, coarse aggravates(${\phi}25mm$, ${\phi}18mm$, ${\phi}13mm$) were mixed. In the voids of porous concrete peatmoss and chemical fertilizers were filled, and on the surface of concrete organic soils were adhered for seeding grasses. For testing compressive strength, pH, voids the 12($4mixed{\times}3times$) specimens were manufactured. As results, the compressive strength of porous concretes were from 59 to $267kg/cm^2$ depend on mixed ratios between cements and coarse aggregates. Voids of concrete were from 33% to 40% and the pH were varied pH 8-10.5. So the capability of planting vegetations was to be ascertained. The germination and growth of grasses were not good, but it could be found out that the capability of vegetations on the concretes. For generalizing these results and applying on the construction sites, it is necessary to verificate following studies for various conditions.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2005

제주지역에서 파종기 이동(3월 16일$\cdot$26일, 4 월 5일$\cdot$15일$\cdot$25일)에 따른 Creeping bentgrass 의 식생변화를 구명하기 위하여 2004년 3월 16 일부터 7월 6일까지 시험하였다. 초장은 3월 16 일 파종에서 22.7cm 이였으나, 만파할수록 초장은 짧아져서 4월 25일 파종에서 초장은 16.6cm 였고, 근장 및 엽록소 측정치는 초장반응과 비슷한 경향이었다. 파종기가 3월 16일에서 4월 25일로 지연됨에 따라 엽중은 1,373kg에서 990kg/10a로, 근중은 2,374kg에서 1,919kg/10a로 감소되었다. 잔디의 피도와 밀도는 3월 16일 파종에서 각각 $98.0\%$, $99.3\%$로 높은 편이었으나, 파종기가 지연됨에 따라 점차적으로 낮아져서 4월 25일 파종에서 잔디의 피도는 $95.7\%$로, 밀도는 $98.7\%$로 낮아졌다. 잡초의 피도는 3월 16일 파종에서 $2.0\%$, 밀도는 $0.7\%$ 이였으나, 파종기가 지연됨에 따라 점차적으로 증가되어 4월 25일 파종에서 피도와 밀도는 각각 $4.3\%$, $1.3\%$로 증가되었다. 침입잡초는 10.5종에서 16.0종으로 파종기가 지연됨에 따라 증가되는 경향이었다. 우점잡초의 변동은 3월 16일 파종에서 새포아풀, 별꽃, 명아주, 3월 26일 파종에서 새포아풀, 바랭이, 명아주, 4월 5일 파종에 바랭이, 명아주, 별꽃, 4월 15일 파종에서 바랭이, 별꽃, 명아주였고, 4월 25일 파종에서는 바랭이, 여뀌, 명아주 순위로 우점되었다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때, 제주지역에서는 3월 중$\cdot$하순에 조파하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.