• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.907-916
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of vegetation structure, vegetation succession, and species diversity of artificially planted Chamaecyparis obtusa (CO) stands. The study was carried out by performing vegetation survey for eight CO stands located in Jeollanam-do Province, Korea. Analysis on vegetation classification and ordinations of the stands was conducted using the data from the vegetation survey, and as a result, the stands were classified into five types of communities. Community I showed a considerably lower index of species diversity when compared to other communities because the canopy of the dominant CO was so highly dense that the low-height vegetation was not able to develop or the low-height vegetation almost disappeared due to elimination of weed trees. Meanwhile, the Community II - IV had relatively higher indices of species diversity because various native tree species mixed with the low-height vegetation and competed with each other in the understory and shrub layers to some degree of stability or in their early stage of vegetation development. Community V, lastly, showed higher use intensity as a recreational forest, thus developing simpler vegetation structure on account of artificial intervention. There was positive correlation between photosynthetically active radiation entering the forest floor, number of observed species and index of species diversity. Such characteristics of vegetation structure in CO stands are closely associated with forest management and prescription for planting reforestation, thinning, and brush cutting in the past. There was a slight difference in vegetation structure and species diversity by communities, based on rotation time of the vegetational succession, process of disturbance frequency and disturbance, development, and maturity by planting CO stands. However, when compared to natural forests, the CO stands showed simpler vegetation structure. Because artificial forests are vulnerable in ecosystem service with lower species diversity, a drive for ecological management is needed for such forests to change into healthy ecosystems that can display functions of public benefit.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.443-452
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• 2008

This study conducted a survey on forest and shrub vegetation in the riverside of the main stream of the Nakdong River on the southeastern part of Korea based on the method of ZM school of phytosociology. As a result, this study identified the vegetation units as ten associations and communities belonging to three classes, and four communities unclear to the upper units. The identified vegetation units were as follows: A-1 Acero-Fagetea class group, Fraxino-Ulmetaria, undecided alliance: 1) Fraxinus mandshurica community; Zelkovetalia(prov.), Zelkovion(prov.): 2) Zelkova serrata community, A-2 Salicetea sachalinensis, Salicetalia koreensis, Salicion koreensis: 3) Salicetum koreensio-chaenomeloides, 4) Salicetum koreensis, 5) Hemipteletum davidii, 6) Salicetum gracilistylae, 7) Salicetum graciliglandis, 8) Salicetum subfragilis, A-3 Rosetea multiflorae, Dioscoreo-Puerarietalia lobatae, Actinidio-Vition coignetiae: 9) Stephanandra incisa community, 10) Lycium chinense community, A-4 unclear upper units: 11) Clerodendron trichotomum community, 12) Ailanthus altissima community, 13) Robinia pseudo-acacia community. 14) Amorpha fruticosa community. The community units identified by the study corresponded with the result of cluster analysis quite nicely while the result of PCA analysis in multivariate analyses showed less correspondence with cluster analysis result, but it was interpreted as a degree of aggregation according to anthropogenic influence. The vegetation unit of forests and shrubs, unlike the herbal community in highly common with those of Japan, included five vegetation units unique to Korea at a collective level. On the basis of the above synecological study, this research discussed the relation between each community and environment, and natural environment, etc.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.429-439
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• 1999

In order to assess the chronic impact of tropospheric ozone on vegetation in the Seoul metropolitan area, it is necessary to quantify ozone exposure. Two ozone indices commonly used to relate ozone exposure to injury of vegetation were calculated. SUM06(SUM of hourly concentrations at or above 0.06 ppm) and AOT40(Accumulated exposure Over a Threshold of 40 ppb) which are widely used as ozone indices in the US and Europe were calculated based on hourly ozone concentrations in 5 areas of Seoul and 5 cities of Kyunggido during 1990~1997. Most SUM06 levels were 1~5ppm.hr, however several areas in Northern and Eastern Seoul reached about 5~7 ppm.hr in 1996~1997. AOT40 values were as high as 17~24 ppm.hr. Although measured SUM06 levels would not be expected to significantly impact vegetation, the overall ozone index, as well as annual average, 95th, and 99th percentile have increased continuously over the last 8 years. Often, ozone concentrations are lower in cities where there is a significant NOx concentration, than in outlying rural agricultural areas where NOx scrubbing is not as important. Concentrations greater than 40 ppb, which can cause chronic ozone toxicity to vegetation, were found mostly in the summer and constitutued about 5~15% of total hourly ozone cocentrations.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 1990

To investigate edge vegetation structure in the Mt. Sokri National Park, field survey was executed in August. 1990 and the result are as follows. Dominant edge species by crown-layer and smilarity of species composition seemed to be affected by existing upper layer vegetation, altitude aspect and physiographical location. and the edge vegetation at summit was severely different with one of the other environmental types. Species diversity of edge vegetation was highest at Northern midslope, lowest at Southern mid-slope. and Acer pseudo-sieboldiamun var. koreanum was appeared as a dominant species at all environmental types. Frequency classes of edge species were different by altitude, aspect, physiographicallocation. Acer pseudo-sieboldiamun var, koreanum, Quercus mongolica, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Lespedeza maximowiczii, Weigela subsessilis showed high frequency class at all environmental condition.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.540-543
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• 2007

We have investigated the vegetation in the peninsula located in Ongjeong-Li Seomyeon in Youngweol-gun. Since this is a limestone area, boxtrees, Abelia mosanensis T. H. Chung ex Nakai, and Selaginella stauntoniana Spring were abundant, as these are types of vegetation characteristic of limestone areas. Pinus densiflora S. et Z. was the most dominant woody plant, but vegetational changes, such as the dominance of Quercus variabilis Blume, Quercus dentata Thunb, and Quercus mongolica Fischer, were observed in spots. In particular, the growth of nursery plants of pinus densiflora S. et Z. was not observed, and young trees like Quercus mongolica Fischer grow as low vegetation of Pinus densiflora S. et Z.. Thus, the ecological succession of Quercus mongolica Fischer is predicted. Outside the investigation area, as herbaceous plants, various vegetations were observed, including Selaginella stauntoniana Spring, Thalictrum coreanum H. Lev., Mukdenia rossii(Oliv.) Koidz., Platanthera freynii Kraenzl., Cephalanthera longibracteata Blume, Potentilla dickinsii Franch., Patrinia rupestris(Pall.) Juss., Swertia pseudochinensis H. Hara, Vicia venosa(Willd.) Maxim., Pyrola japonica Klenze ex Alef., Disporum smilacinum A. Gray, Artemisia stolonifera(Maxim.) Kom. for. Stolonifera, Smilax nipponica Miq., Adenophora triphylla var. japonica(Regel) H. Hara, Isodon inflexus(Thunb.) Kudo, Gentiana scabra Bunge for. Scabra, Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum(Miq.) Ohwi, Dioscorea quinqueloba Thunb., Syneilesis palmata(Thunb.) Maxim., Asparagus schoberioides Kunth, Eupatorium japonicum Thunb. ex Murray, Galium kinuta Nakai & Hara, Saxifraga fortunei var. incisolobata, Lilium amabile Palib., Siberian iris, Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., Atractylodes ovata(Thunb.) DC., and Lysimachia clethroides Duby.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 1996

By preservation of vegetation landscape in urban park, the uniqueness and attractiveness of a city can be created and maintained. In this study, the CAD simulation of Dwangju Park was implemented, and it was proved that CAD simulation can be used to preserve the vegetation landscape and to regulate the building construction. But, when simulated short range vegetation landscape, such as the position, height and forms of trees, vegetation structure, dtc., are can be important factors. And, the method of suveying and presenting trees in CAD for efficient simulation are need to be sutdied futher.

• Architectural research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.73-84
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• 2023

Indoor thermal conditions greatly affect the health and comfort of humans who occupy the space in it. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of water and vegetation elements as a microclimate modifier in buildings to obtain thermal comfort through the study of thermal environment models. This research covers two objects, namely public buildings and housing in Makassar City, South Sulawesi Prov-ince - Indonesia. Quantitative methods through field surveys and measurements based on thermal and personal variables. Data analysis based on ASHRAE 55 2020 standard. The data was processed with a parametric statistical approach and then simulated with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation method to find a thermal prediction model. The model was made by increasing the ventilation area by 2.0 m2, adding 10% vegetation with shade plant characteristics, moving water features in the form of fountains and increasing the pool area by 15% to obtain PMV + 0.23, PPD + 8%, TSV-1 - +0, Ta_25.7℃, and relative humidity 63.5 - 66%. The evaluation shows that the operating temperature can analyze the visitor's comfort temperature range of >80% and comply with the ASHRAE 55-2020 standard. It is concluded that water elements and indoor vegetation can be microclimate modifiers in buildings to create desired comfort conditions and adaptive con-trols in buildings such as the arrangement of water elements and vegetation and ventilation systems to provide passive cooling effects in buildings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.43-52
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• 2012

For this paper, a study targeting 9 forest patches in Dangjin to suggest for the wild birds, was conducted. The correlation between the emergence of wild birds and the forest vegetation was analyzed, and the patterns of forest vegetation for the improvement of species diversity were suggested by classifying wild birds and foraging guild by the type of forest vegetation. As for the characteristics of the wild birds emerged, more species and bigger population appeared in the vegetation type of mixed stand forest where the natural deciduous broadleaf trees and evergreen needleleaf trees coexisted in the large scale vegetation area. Thus, it was known that the advent of summer migratory birds and resident birds were affected the most by forest patches and vegetation types. As for foraging guild, the larger the forest paches the more the species and the population of the wild birds inhabiting in shrubs and bushes.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.477-487
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• 2011

In this study, we deduced the best estimation methodology for amount of carbon sequestration by vegetation, through the case study using the data obtainable from the environmental assessment procedure. Our results showed that the estimation methodology using the national vegetation map was the best for the strategic environmental assessment, whileas those using the vegetation growth equation were applicable for environmental impact assessment procedure. Furthermore, we found that the amount of carbon sequestration by farmland and/or grassland, not by vegetation, was not negligible. Therefore, we concluded that the area of farmland and/or grassland need to be taken into account during the landuse planning.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.361-364
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• 2006

The objective of the current study was to characterize and apply multiple regression model relating to vegetation values of the plant species over salt marshes. For each salt marsh community, vegetation and soil variables were investigated in the western coast and the southern coast in South Korea. Osmotic potential of soil and $Cl^-$ content of soil as independent variable had positive and negative influences on vegetation values. Multiple regression model showed that vegetation values of 14 coastal plant communities were determined by pH of soil, osmotic potential of soil and sand content. The multiple regression equation may be applied to the explanation of distribution and abundance of plant communities with exiting ordination plots.