• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.117-129
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• 2015

This study is to find out the changes and features of male consumers' life style and purchase tendency according to the change of Korean fashion market, and based on which to suggest the design for the 20s men as well as a proper distribution channel for it. Documentary research and investigation were done together for the study. By reviewing documents focused on previous studies and declaring the change of men's fashion shopping tendencies and the following changes and features of their fashion sense and styles a conceptional frame for a design suggestion was presented. Ways to investigate were men's wear collection research, Q-technique. First of all, they tend to boldly reduce unnecessary purchases and do not hesitate to focus on the wanted item, expanding the trend of 'value purchase.' Secondly, men's wear use various design elements with feminine images, while the materials, colors and design expressive techniques that have been exclusively used for women's wear, began to be applied to men's one, turning them into gentle styles with womanhood is stressed. Thirdly, Korean distribution channel is rapidly diversified from departments to new-concept ones such as multi-brand stores. Especially, displaying and selling various optional products, multi-brand stores lead such diversification of fashion distribution channel. Fourthly, features of the drapery types favored by the 20s men are that they like no-chromed dark or blackish colors with fixed structure and partially-applied drapery on the clothes. Fifthly, it turns out that men in their 20s set a premium on design and price while they buy clothes. In addition to that, they buy clothes mainly during discount period and displayed much bigger satisfaction for the purchase on discounted price that those on normal price.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.73-85
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• 2014

The strength parameters used in rock mass design are mainly estimated by equations using Hoek-Brown failure criterion because the tests to obtain the values are limited and expensive. To estimate the strength parameters, the Hoek-Brown failure criterion should be transformed to the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. But the processes are more or less cumbersome due to the several stages including the computation and the analyzing steps. In this study, several rock states of various conditions were modeled and then the strength parameters were estimated using the Hoek-Brown failure criterion. Thereafter by analyzing the results, some charts and equations estimating the strength parameters through only one step or easily in the field using the values of RMC, the uniaxial compressive strength and the rock constant ($m_i$), were suggested. And then the suggested method was compared and discussed with the existing method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.8
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• pp.20-36
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• 2014

This research aims to identify and analyze the expression elements and features of Goth style observed in clothing of unique characters in movies directed by Tim Burton, and to build the database on diverse features movie costumes, so that such data can be used to develop new fashion design. The research-classified features of Goth style into romanticism overturns Satanism, grief, and sensuality. The results are as follow; First, Goth expressed romanticism by reminding the gloom and fear of medieval times through the image of clowns, medieval knights, werewolves and vampires. Second, The costumes in Tim Burton's movies overthrew the rules in reality using flexible changes, ambiguity of gender, distorted human beings, half-man-half-beasts, and ghost images. Furthermore, the positive expression on characters in gloomy and fearful costumes showed the overturn of common idea and value system in a society. Third, Tim Burton created fear using the image of a live dead body, shape of a devil, shape of death. Also, accessories suddenly changed into arms in his movies. He expressed Satanism by positively describing satanic shapes and shapes meaning death. Next, characters in Tim Burton's movies are mainly losers, aliens or outsiders. Sorrow, alienation and darkness inside them expressed the sadness through embodiment of mean animals in darkness, masks, veils and extreme black costumes. Finally, Sensuality was rarely shown in Tim Burton's movies, but expressed in various ways including pursuit of new beauty in excessive exposure, skintight silhouette, suggestion on sexualized violence and frightfulness.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 1980

For the preliminary estimation of the vertical hull natural frequency, the Schlick's or Schlick-type formulae have been traditional ones and are still in common use today. Some investigators have made their efforts, based on statistical data of ships' system parameters, to extend the applicability of Schlick-type formulae to higher modes, or to utilize the Rayleigh method. For instance, the work done by Dinsenbacher et al.[5] belongs to the former and that of Nagamoto et al.[6] to the latter. In a part of his previous paper[7], the author, investigating the case of a cargo ship of medium size, suggested that provided statistically simplified curves such as trapezoid of system parameter distributions are available in hands, direct utlization of an ordinary computer program can be also an another convenient method by which we can obtain both natural frequencies and normal mode shapes. In this paper, to confirm the feasibility of the above suggestion, four high speed boats are investigated. The system parameters of them are originally given in [5]. The computer program used here is one confiled based on a calculation method derived from Myklestal-Prohl modeling of hull, transfer matrix formulation and an extended Gumbel's initial value method for solving frequency equation. The results of the investigation show that the direct calculation based on statistically oriented and reasonably assumed trapezoidal mean curves of system parameter distributions can give us natural frequencies within about 5% deviation up to several-noded modes and normal mode shapes serviceable at least up to 4- or 5-noded modes in comparision with those based on actual distributions of system parameters. For this simplified method the actual data required for input are only of ship length, displacement, total added mass, bending and shear rigidity at amidship. They are available at the early stage of design. By this method we can also easily trace variations of vibration characteristics in the course of ship design cycles.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2011

In this study, the dynamic characteristics of an air spring connected with an external chamber through a flexible tube are examined. The uncoupled dynamic parameters of the air spring are identified through experiments, followed by the suggestion of a model-based approach to obtain the remaining coupled dynamic parameters using the various frequency response functions derived in PART I paper [1]. To improve or control the damping characteristics of the air spring, this vibration isolation air spring system is physically established in laboratory scale. And we attempt to identify various parameters used to describe to air spring system by both theoretically [1] and experimentally, which is performed in this report. The damping parameter of the tube system is identified through experiments on the system incorporated with the air cylinder, and a nonlinear regression procedure is employed to find solutions. The resulting value is used to expect the frequency response function of dynamic pressure in the top chamber (air spring) with respect to that in the bottom chamber (external chamber). Comparison with the experimental data supports the validity of the present estimation procedures. Also, the dynamic mechanism of the damping effects particularly in a low frequency range is investigated through this experimental endeavor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.186-192
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• 2014

In this paper, we analysed vessel traffic volume and patterns of traffic flow for ships using areas where included wind farm site and adjacent waters of Daejeong Offshore Wind Farm, and estimated traffic volume by classified navigational routes according to suggestion of rational routeing measures on the basis of classified patterns after installation of offshore wind facilities. Also, we assessed vessel traffic safety for each designed routeing measures on the basis of estimated traffic volume and proposed requisite countermeasures for the safe navigation of ships. With a result of analysing patterns of traffic flow, the current traffic flow was classified by 8 patterns and the annual traffic volume was predicted to 8,975 ships. On the basis of these, expected the vessel traffic volume according to designed four routeing mesaures after installation of wind farm. As result of assessing vessel traffic safety by using powered-vessel collision model of SSPA on the basis of the estimated traffic volume, the value of collision probability was less than safe criteria $10^{-4}$. Thereby we made sure usability of the designed routeing measures for the safe navigation of ships.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2007

The strength evaluation of rocks is a very important factor in designing and constructing tunnels or underground excavation. However, it takes a lot of time and endeavor to perform the unconfined compressive strength test for practice and a number of tests are limited. In order to make up for this method, the point load strength test is suggested. Generally, the strength of a rock differs depending on its type and region. However, as people unite the Point Load Strength Indexes of various regions and types to use in practice in many cases, they find difficulty in analogizing the exact strength. The purpose of this study is suggestion of the value in construction site by analizing the relation of both unconfined compressive and point load strength in the Gyeonggi gneiss complex.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.549-554
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• 1993

The CO substitution reactions in the complex, $Cp^*(C_5H_7)$CrCO with $PR_3(PR_3=PMePh_2,\;P(OCH_3)_3,\;PMe_2Ph)$ were investigated spectrophotometrically at various temperatures. For the reaction rates, it was suggested that the CO substitution reaction took place by first-order (dissociative) pathway. Activation parameters in decaline are ${\Delta}H^{\neq}= 21.99{\pm}2.4$ kcal/mol, ${\Delta}S^{\neq}= 8.9{\pm}7.1$ cal/mol·k. Unusually low value of ${\Delta}S^{\neq}$, suggested an ${\eta}^5-S{\to}\;{\eta}^5$-U conversion of the pentadienyl ligand. At various temperature, the rates of reaction for the Cp(pdl)CrCO complexes increase in the order $Cp^*(C_5H_7)$-CrCO < Cp$(C_5H_7)$CrCO < Cp(2,4-$C_5H_{11}$)CrCO, which can be attributed to the usual steric acceration or electronic influence for the ligand substitution of metal complexes. This suggestion was confirmed by the extended-Huckel molecular orbital (EHMO) calculations, which revealed that the energy of $[Cp^*(U-C_5H_7)Cr]^{\neq}$ transition state is about 4.93 kcal/mol lower than that of [Cp(S-$C_5H_7)Cr]^{\neq}$ transition state, and the arrangement of the overlap populations between Cr and the carbon of CO is $Cp^*(C_5H_7)$CrCO > Cp($C_5H_7$)CrCO > Cp(2,4-$C_7H_{11}$)CrCO.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.305-311
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• 2019

In this study, we examined the proper spacing between the expansion joints according to the temperature load of the inter-modal terminal platform infrastructure to implement a new inter-modal automated freight transport system, which we intend to introduce in Korea. To review the proper expansion joint spacing of the terminal platforms, we set the maximum expansion joint spacing according to the regional temperature changes using the equation proposed by the Federal Construction Council (FCC) of the United States. Then, the maximum displacement value, which was calculated through the structural analysis program, and the limit of the horizontal displacement of the building structure were compared. The proper expansion joint spacing was selected as the slab length at which the maximum displacement of the structure, due to temperature changes, was below the horizontal displacement limit. Based on the application of maximum expansion joint spacing for each region calculated through the FCC's suggestion, the maximum displacement that could occur within the limit of the lateral displacement of the structure was determined.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.79-92
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• 1985

Fertility has been declined since 1966 (see Table 1). This fertility reduction was duely caused by age at first marriage, induced abortion and contraceptive practice which has been largely increased in recent years. Although tbe proximate determinant such as induced abortion, age at marriage and breastfeeding can and do have an effect on fertility, the principal cause of the reduction in fertility in Korea during the fertility transition can be supported by correlation between level of fertility and contraceptive prevalence (See Fig. 4). Taking a regression equation between fertility (TER. Y) and prevalence level (X), the total fertility rate in 1984 was estimated as 1.9 and 2.1 based on lenear and expotential function shown as follow; $Y_1$=5.709-0.0549 X and $Y_2$_______80________ 1+e2.433+0.017X ($R^2$=O. 93) ($R^2$=0. 96) Where $Y_1$ and $Y_2$ denote total fertility rates obtained through two equations respectivelly. The peak of contraceptive prevalence was assumdd as 80 percent which is almost upper limit in human society. On the other hand, an observed value of 1984 fertility level obtained from five month period shows 2.1 which is coincident with logistic fitting after the adjustment of response error assumed around 10 to 20 percent, At any rate, fertility of Korean women will have been reached replacement level (2.1) by 1985.Thus policy for family planning program must be reviewed toward the direction of integrated approach particularly with MCH program inasmuch as fertility in Korea has already shown population replacement level that require more good quality of service in family planning and their There must be an advanced level of fertility in Korea because wide use of contraception and induced life abortion and age at marriage will effect modern fertility which shows up and down trend between 2.1 and 1.5 in general.