• 제목/요약/키워드: value structure

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Robust Singular Value Decomposition BaLsed on Weighted Least Absolute Deviation Regression

  • Jung, Kang-Mo
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • 제17권6호
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    • pp.803-810
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    • 2010
  • The singular value decomposition of a rectangular matrix is a basic tool to understand the structure of the data and particularly the relationship between row and column factors. However, conventional singular value decomposition used the least squares method and is not robust to outliers. We propose a simple robust singular value decomposition algorithm based on the weighted least absolute deviation which is not sensitive to leverage points. Its implementation is easy and the computation time is reasonably low. Numerical results give the data structure and the outlying information.

A Data Quality Management Maturity Model

  • Ryu, Kyung-Seok;Park, Joo-Seok;Park, Jae-Hong
    • ETRI Journal
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.191-204
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    • 2006
  • Many previous studies of data quality have focused on the realization and evaluation of both data value quality and data service quality. These studies revealed that poor data value quality and poor data service quality were caused by poor data structure. In this study we focus on metadata management, namely, data structure quality and introduce the data quality management maturity model as a preferred maturity model. We empirically show that data quality improves as data management matures.

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패밀리레스토랑의 욕구체계 기반 고객가치가 고객만족, 행동의도에 미치는 영향: 4×4 매트릭스 욕구체계를 중심으로 (Needs-Based Customer Value Effects of Family Restaurants on Customer Satisfaction and Behavior Intention)

  • 김기수;심재현
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제11권12호
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    • pp.51-62
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    • 2013
  • Purpose - A pre-study on service quality-based customer value is conducted with the path structure (perceived value of service quality→customer satisfaction→behavior intention) based on the hierarchical model of service quality including interaction and outcome quality, physical environment quality and the SERVQUAL model of process quality, namely, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles. In addition, customer value in the service industry is studied by dividing into the two-way structure of utilitarian and emotional values. This study classifies customer values of family restaurants through the customer value model based on the 4×4 matrix needs system of Jeon and Kim (2009). It illustrates the path structure of customer value→customer satisfaction→behavior intention targeting college students in order to generalize the customer value system of family restaurants. Research design, data, and methodology - This study established seven hypotheses based on the relationship between each type of customer value (food quality, convenience, social, emotional, interior quality, service encounter, and purchasing) and customer satisfaction, and the relationship between customer satisfaction and behavior intention. The study data were collected from students in the Department of Business and Tourism at Kimpo University. In all, 294 survey papers were returned of the 300 distributed: 253 pieces were used in the final analysis excluding 41 with insufficient and less effective answers. For statistical analysis, the statistics software package SPSS 15.0 was used. Results - The results of the analysis are as follows: first, the customer values of family restaurants are classified by seven customer values: goods quality value, emotional value, convenience value, social value, purchasing value, service encounter value, and inner quality value. Second, emotional value, purchasing value, service encounter value, and inner quality value had positive impact on customer satisfaction. In particular, purchasing value through being included in functional value was not classified in the previous study; however, this study could classify and generalize this value in a new way. Finally, customer satisfaction had a positive impact on behavior intention. This showed that college students had behavior intention - repurchase intention and word-of-mouth - because they could be content with the food items on the menu and the service provided by employees. Conclusions - The main points based on the above-mentioned results are as follows. This study with college students as study subjects could be classified into four dimensions, namely, generic value, usage value, purchasing value, and physical value and seven sub-dimensions on customer values of family restaurants based on a 4×4 matrix needs system. Then, to confirm its generalization, the path structure of customer value→customer satisfaction→behavior intention was verified. While existing pre-studies used simplified values by classifying restaurant values largely as utilitarian value and hedonic value, this study classified various forms of customer value, and that customer value especially could be expanded by adding purchasing value. As a result, it is shown that marketers need to diversify their customer services because this study proved that customer values can be classified in various ways based on customer needs.

PCW-PNN-PZT계 세라믹의 유전 특성에 관한 연구 (A Study on Dielectric Properties of PCW-PNN-PZT ceramics)

  • 신혜경;이성호;정보람;배선기
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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    • pp.51-53
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    • 2005
  • This study was to measure the minuteness structure, dielectric properties of 0.03PCW-0.07PNN-0.9PZT ceramics according to sintering temperature manufacture the specimens with a general method. The results of this study were gotten such as follows. The crystal structure of ceramic changed the rombohedral structure into teteragonal structure according to rising sintering temperature in XRD. Dielectric constant at $20^{\circ}C$ showed its maximum value 510.599 in specimens sintered at $1100^{\circ}C$ and dielectric loss showed its minimum value 7.43% in specimens sintered at $1100^{\circ}C$. The variation rate of dielectric constant according to the change of frequency showed its minimum value 0.029/kHz at $1100^{\circ}C$. The variation rate of dielectric constant according to the change of temperature showed its minimum value $1.40/^{\circ}C$ at $1500^{\circ}C$.

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X-Ray Diffraction Studies of Uranyl Hydrolysis Precipitates Synthesized in Neutral to Alkaline Aqueous Solutions

  • 박용준;표형렬;김원호;전관식
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제17권10호
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    • pp.925-929
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    • 1996
  • Uranyl hydrolysis precipitates were obtained by increasing pH value of aqueous uranyl solution in the range of neutral to alkaline pH value and their phase transformation during the solubility experiment under various conditions has been examined. The precipitates formed in the hydrolysis reaction of uranyl ion had a layered structure such as a meta-schoepite phase, a schoepite structure, or a mixed phase of meta-schoepite and schoepite. Phase transformation between them was strongly dependent on the pH value at which the precipitate was formed. The distance between the layers in meta-schoepite or schoepite phase was ∼7.35 Å, and it was increased with the pH value at which the precipitate was synthesized as well as the pH values of the aqueous solution. The phase transformation from a meta-schoepite to schoepite was fast for the precipitates formed at low pH values, however, it was not the case for the precipitates formed at high pH values. A small difference of pH value in aqueous solution gave a great change on its solubilities near pH 9.7, because a layered structure of the precipitates became amorphous above that pH value. Greater solubility for the precipitate formed at higher pH value can be explained from the fact that the precipitates formed at low pH value had a better crystallinity and also that the precipitates formed at higher pH value has a slower rate of crystallization.

Relationships Between Corporate Social Responsibility, Firm Value, and Institutional Ownership: Evidence from Indonesia

  • HERMEINDITO, Hermeindito
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제9권5호
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    • pp.365-376
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    • 2022
  • This study aims to look into the causal relationships between corporate social responsibility and firm value, corporate social responsibility and institutional ownership, and firm value and institutional ownership. This study develops a triangle model of causal relationships among the three endogenous variables. Samples for this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2018. The model is operated in the system of simultaneous equation models using the generalized method of moments technique to estimate parameter coefficients. After controlling the effects of trade-off/balancing capital structure and managerial ownership, the research findings show a positive causal relationship between CSR and firm value and firm value and institutional ownership. Institutional ownership has a positive effect on CSR, while the effect of CSR on institutional ownership is negative in the firms without managerial ownership and positive in the firms with managerial ownership. This study finds that the causal relationship between CSR and firm value is stronger after the trade-off/balancing of capital structure is included in the model. Capital structure has a convex effect on firm value and positively impacts institutional ownership. In addition, an independent commissioner has a negative impact on CSR but has no direct impact on firm value.

Measuring the matter energy density and Hubble parameter from Large Scale Structure

  • 이석천
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제38권2호
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    • pp.57.1-57.1
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    • 2013
  • We investigate the method to measure both the present value of the matter energy density contrast and the Hubble parameter directly from the measurement of the linear growth rate which is obtained from the large scale structure of the Universe. From this method, one can obtain the value of the nuisance cosmological parameter $\Omo$ (the present value of the matter energy density contrast) within 3% error if the growth rate measurement can be reached $z >3.5$. One can also investigate the evolution of the Hubble parameter without any prior on the value of $H_0$ (the current value of the Hubble parameter). Especially, estimating the Hubble parameter are insensitive to the errors on the measurement of the normalized growth rate $f \sigma_8$. However, this method requires the high $z$ ($z >3.5$) measurement of the growth rate in order to get the less than 5% errors on the measurements of $H(z)$ at $z \leq 1.2$ with the redshift bin $\Delta z = 0.2$. Thus, this will be suitable for the next generation large scale structure galaxy surveys like WFMOS and LSST.

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The Effect of Board Composition and Ownership Structure on Firm Value: Evidence from Jordan

  • Rafat Salameh, SALAMEH;Osama J., AL-NSOUR;Khalid Munther, LUTFI;Zaynab Hassan, ALNABULSI;Eyad Abdel-Halym, HYASAT
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.163-174
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to investigate the effect of the composition of the board and ownership structure on a firm's value in Jordanian firms. Specifically, it aims to determine the effect of board size, (CEO) duality, and family, foreign, institutional, and government ownership on a firm's value. An ordinary least square regression (OLS) was employed to examine the study hypotheses in a sample of 35 Jordanian industrial firms (175 firm-year observation) for a period of five years from 2016-2020. As measured by Tobin's Q (Q ratio) and market-to-book (MB ratio) for Jordanian industrial firms listed on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). The result found that foreign ownership, institutional ownership, and family ownership have a significant and positive effect on firm value. By contrast, government ownership does not have a significant effect on firm value. With respect to board composition (CEO duality and board size), the study results found no evidence to support the effect of board composition on firm value. The study recommended the concerned authorities with several recommendations, most notably: taking the necessary measures to ensure the continuity and growth of family businesses because of their positive impact on the value of the company and economic growth, spreading awareness about how governance protects the interests of investors.

Private Value of Innovation(Patents)

  • Kim, ByungWoo
    • 한국기술혁신학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국기술혁신학회 2010년도 추계 학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.203-212
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    • 2010
  • Examining the relation between market structure and the value of innovation is important for competition and STI policy. If the value is large in a specific industry structure, government may lead the industry to take that form to enhance innovation. Our simple calibration in the case of linear demand and constant MC results in the conclusion that the incentive for R&D in the case of major and minor innovation in Cournot competition is less than that of merger and cooperative R&D. This emphasizes again "necessary evil" as a monopoly for innovation.

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대도시 도심의 토지용도별 지가구조 분석: 대구시 중구의 사례 (An Analysis of Land Price Structure by Land Use in Urban Center of Metropolis: The Case of Jung Gu, Daegu City)

  • 임석회
    • 한국경제지리학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.482-501
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    • 2014
  • 이 연구는 2013년 개별공지시가 자료를 활용하여 대구시 중구를 사례로 대도시 도심의 토지용도별 지가구조를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 지가구조가 토지용도에 따라 상당한 차이가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 도심의 지가는 좁은 공간에도 불구하고 필지에 따라 변동성이 매우 크지만, 이것은 상업용지에 해당하는 것으로 주거용지나 주상복합용지에는 해당하지 않는다. 지가의 거리조락 역시 상업용지는 매우 크게 나타나지만, 주거용지나 주상복합용지는 거리조락 현상이 거의 없다. 주거용지와 주상복합용지는 지가최고점(PLVI)으로부터 가까울수록 지가가 오히려 하락하는 분화구 현상이 발견된다. 선형화한 지가함수의 회귀식에서도 상업용지와 업무용지는 지가의 거리 설명력이 크지만 주거용지나 주상복합용지는 거리 설명력도 미미하고, 특히 기울기가 음이 아닌 양의 값을 갖는다. 따라서 지금까지 일반적으로 상정되어 온 지가구조는 상업용지에는 유효하지만, 주거용지나 주상복합용지에는 유효하지 않다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 지가함수에 의한 토지용도의 분화 예측은 실제 토지이용 상황에 상당히 부합하여 알론소의 입찰지대이론의 현실적 적합성이 확인된다.

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