• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.484-489
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• 1999

Rosting conditions for improvement of viscosity and sensory properties of sea tangle extracts were investigated. The supernatant % solid yield and crude protein yield were increased by increasing of roasting temperature and times. The highest contents of algin was obtained in roasting temperature of 175$^{\circ}C$ ash contents were increased by roasting temperature increasing. Viscosities of sea tangle extract were significantly decreased by increasing of roasting temperature and time upto 175$^{\circ}C$ and 10 mins more than further roasting conditions. The pH of sea tangle extracts slightly decreased from 5.94 to 5.83 in the roasting of 15$0^{\circ}C$ however at temperature more than 175$^{\circ}C$ its pH was increased by increasing of temperature and time. According to increase of roasting temperature and time Lightness (L value) were significantly decreased and redness (a value) and yellowness (b value) reached the highest value in the roasting of 20$0^{\circ}C$ 15 min. or 175$^{\circ}C$ 30 min and after that its value were decreased. The odor characteristics showed that sea tangle extract prepared by roasting of 175$^{\circ}C$ 10mins was slightly reduced in intensity of savory and seaweed taste but significantly low in intensity of nauseous taste and high in intensity of roasted taste and accetability. Overall data suggested 175$^{\circ}C$ 10min was the most effective roasting conditions for improvement of viscosity and sensory properties of sea tangle extract.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.376-391
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• 2010

To investigate seasonal variation and species composition by depth layers in the deep sea ecosystem of the East Sea of Korea, bottom trawl survey was conducted at 4 depth layers during spring and autumn from 2007 to 2009. A total of 47 species were collected and were composed of 23 fish species, 9 crustacea, 6 cephalopoda and 9 gastropoda. The main dominant species at each depth layers were Chionoecetes opilio in 300m, Berryteuthis magister in 500m, Chionoecetes japonicus in 700m and 900m. In spring, richness indices (R) showed low value of 2.01 in 500m depth, and high value of 2.16 in 300m depth. Diversity indices (H') showed low value of 1.53 in 300m depth, and high value of 2.09 in 700m depth. Dominance indices (D) showed low value of 0.15 in 700m depth, and high value of 0.31 in 300m depth. In Autumn, richness indices showed low value of 1.48 in 900m depth, and high value of 2.69 in 300m depth. Diversity' indices (H') showed low value of 1.13 in 300m depth, and high value of 2.23 in 700m depth. Dominance indices (D) showed low value of 0.14 in 700m depth, and high value of 0.54 in 300m depth. In spring, similarity analysis in each depth layers showed the difference between 900m and othe depth layer, on the contrary 500m and 700m showed the similarity. In autumn, similarity analyssis in each depth layers showed the difference between 700m and other depth layers, on the contrary 300m and 500m showed the similarity.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.214-218
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• 1999

The aim of our study is to develop new algorism for sea fog detection by using Geostational Meteorological Satellite-5(GMS-5) and suggest the techniques of its continuous detection. So as to detect daytime sea fog/stratus(00UTC, May 10, 1999), visible accumulated histogram method and surface albedo method are used. The characteristic value during daytime showed A(min) > 20％ and DA < 10％ when visble accumulated histogram method was applied. And the sea fog region which detected is of similarity in composite image and surface albedo method. In case of nighttime sea fog(18UTC, May 10, 1999), infrared accumulated histogram method and maximum brightness temperature method are used, respectively. Maximum brightness temperature method(T_max method) detected sea fog better than IR accumulated histogram method. In case of T_max method, when infrared value is larger than T_max, fog is detected, where T_max is an unique value, maximum infrared value in each pixel during one month. Then T_max is beneath 700hpa temperature of GDAPS(Global Data Assimilation and Prediction System). Sea fog region which detected by T_max method was similar to the result of National Oceanic and Atmosheric Administration/Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (NOAA/AVHRR) DCD(Dual Channel Difference). But inland visibility and relative humidity didn't always agreed well.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of beaches which are the major part of the East Sea Coast. ITCM (Individual Travel Cost Method) is applied to estimate the economic value of its beaches using Poisson, negative binomial, truncated Poisson and truncated negative binomial models. The consumer surplus during length of stay per capita is 214,088 won in beaches overall on the East Sea Coast, 206,398 won in Gangwon-do beaches and 271,171 won in Gyeongbuk/Ulsan beaches. Annual total economic value of its beaches considering the number of visitors at beaches is 6,269 billion won (3,970 billion won in Kangwondo beaches, 2,299 billion won in Kyungbuk/Ulsan beaches).

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidative properties of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.; leaf, fruit and stem) and the quality characteristics of brown rice sulgidduk prepared using a powder of sea buckthorn leaves. First, the antioxidative activities of sea buckthorn were measured to choose the most effective part of this plant. By analyzing the measured values, we concluded that the effective part of sea buckthorn was its leaves. The $IC_{50}$ value of the DPPH radical scavenging activity and the ABTS radical scavenging activity in sea buckthorn leaves were $7.78{\mu}g/mL$ and $264.04{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents of sea buckthorn leaves were 3.80 mg/mL and .19 mg/mL, respectively. Therefore, the brown rice sulgidduk was prepared using a powder of sea buckthorn leaves in the weight ratio of 0%, .5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%. For analyzing the quality characteristics of the prepared sulgidduk, proximate compositions, color and texture profiles were measured and a sensory evaluation was conducted. With an increase in the added content of the sea buckthorn leaf powder (SBLP), the L-value significantly decreased while the a-value and the b-value increased. In the case of texture profiles, the control group (control A) had a higher score for hardness than the case groups in which the SBLP was added. However, springiness, chewiness and adhesiveness were not significantly different among the groups. In the sensory evaluation, the sample containing 1.5% SBLP yielded the best results. Therefore, we suggest that the powder of sea buckthorn leaves is a good ingredient for increasing the consumer acceptability and functionality of sulgidduk.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.184-198
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• 2020

Decisions of the design speed, MCR, and engine capacity have been empirically made by assuming the value termed the sea margin. Due to ambiguity regarding the effect of some factors on the sea margin, the value has been commonly decided based on experience. To evaluate the value from a new viewpoint, it is necessary to construct an approach to estimate the sea margin through an objective procedure based on a physical and mathematical model. In this paper, a framework to estimate the actual sea margin of an LNGC based on the maneuvering equations of motion is suggested by considering the hull, propeller, rudder, and given sea route under wind and waves. The fouling effect is additionally quantified as the increase of total resistance by considering the re-docking period. The operation data is reviewed to amend the increase of the total resistance considering the speed loss of a ship. Finally, the factor of how much the resistance increases due to fouling is newly obtained for the vessel. Based on the comparison of the estimated sea margin with the empirical range of the sea margin, the constructed framework is regarded as feasible.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.144-152
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• 2001

In order to improve functionality of kochujang which is one of the traditional foods of Korea, sea tangle powder(2, 4, 6 and 8% sea tangle powder on the glutinous rice weight basis) was added to the raw material of kochujang and then investigated the change of physiochemical properties with control kochujang during the fermentation at 3$0^{\circ}C$ for 120 days. During 120 days fermentation, moisture and crude protein contents were gradually decreased with fermentation time, whereas crude fat content NaCl were slightly increased with fermentation time. The contents of reducing sugar of sea tangle kochujang was rapidly increased until 60 days of fermentation after that it was increased slightly up to 90 days of fermentation to the highest value and then reduced slightly or not changed approximately until 120 days. pH was reduced up to 60 days of fermentation after that it remained 4.63~4.91 in 90~120 days. Acidity was increased with fermentation time, and it was the highest value of 11.5~12.4$m\ell$ in 120 days of fermentation. Viscosity was increased with increased with fermentation time. Especially a case of additional sample of 8% sea tangle powder was highly increased until 60 days. A case of color difference value, in initial time of preparation of kochujang was distinct difference of value for additional samples respectively but as the fermentation progressed, among the samples not found consistent change of color difference value. L value was gradually decreased during fermentation. A value was decreased up to 30 days of fermentation and it was increased again totally at 60 days of fermentation. B value was decreased totally at initial time of fermentation and a case of control was increased again at 90 days of fermentation, the other samples increased again 60 days earlier than 30 days.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.19 no.1 s.29
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• pp.14-29
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to test effect of STS instruction using the subject matter of marine life on middle school students' perception of ocean. The objects of 156 students were sampled from the 1st grade of a middle school and were divided into an experimental group and a control group. 79 students of the control group were treated with traditional instruction, while 77 students of the experimental group were treated with STS instruction materials. All of the students took test of perception of ocean before and after the instructions. The perception of ocean was divided into four categories; value of sea, development of marine resources, research and conservation of sea, and perception of sea-related vocation. The results of the pretest and the posttest indicated that the perception of ocean of the experimental group was statistically significantly higher than that of the control group. Specially in categories of the value of sea and the research and conservation of sea, the scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.60-68
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• 2010

In this study, the seepage flow monitoring method by hydaulic head loss rate graph was developed for the purpose of monitoring the seepage flow from the see side or from the lake on sea dike in which seepage force was varied periodically. The hydraulic head loss rate was defined in this method. The value of the rate is in the range from 0 to 1. the value of 0 means perfectly free flow of seepage. the value of 1 means perfect waterproofing. The value of coefficient of determination in the hydraulic head loss rate graph closer to 1 means that the seepage flow way is stable. The value of coefficient of determination in the hydraulic head loss rate graph closer to 0 means that the hole may exist or the piping may be in the progress. The pore water pressure data measured in Saemangeum sea dike was analyzed with the developed method The result showed that the variation of seepage flow state was detected sensitively by this method and the interception effect of sea dike could be estimated quantitatively.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 2001

In this research, piezoelectric smart structures are applied for SEA(Statistical Energy Analysis), which is well known approach for high frequency analysis. A new input power measurement based on piezoelectric electrical power measurement is proposed and compared with the conventional method in SEA. As an example, a simple aluminum beam on which piezoelectric actuator is attached is considered. By measuring the electrical impedance and electrical current of the piezoelectric actuator, the electrical power given on the actuator is found and this is In turn converted into the mechanical energy. From the measured value of the stored energy of the beam, the Internal loss factor is calculated and this value shows a good agreement with that given by the conventional method as well as the theoretical value. To compare the coupling loss factor, L-shape beam system which consists of a aluminum beam subsystem and a steel beam subsystem coupled by three pin is taken as second example. The input power and stored energy of each subsystem are found by the proposed approach. The coupling loss factor found by the electrical input power obtained from the piezoelectric actuator exhibits similar trend to the value found by the conventional method as well as the theoretical value. In conclusion, the use of SEA for high frequency application of piezoelectric smart structures is Possible. Especially, the input power that is essential for SEA can be found accurately by measuring the electrical input power of the piezoelectric actuator.