• 모자간호학회지
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to test the construct validity and reliability of the Health Self-Determinism Index for Children (HSDI-C), an instrument designed to measure intrinsic motivation in health behavior. An convenience sample of 558,7 to 13 years old children completed the Korean version of HSDI-C. The findings were as follows : 1. Construct validity was supported through factorial isolation of four theory-consistent subscales ; Internal-external cue responsive ness, Self-determinism in health judgement, Competency in health matters, and Self-determinism in health behavior /goal. The total percent of variance explained by 4 factors was 2 percent. 2. The correlations between the four factors were ranged from -.06 to .29 indicating that factors are not redundant and each factor contributes uniquely to the total construct. 3. Cronbach alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .96 for the total, and .72, .56, .69, and .75 on the respective subscales. Test-retest reliability for the total scale was .85 at 2 weeks. 4. The Analysis of variance for the HSDI-C total scale and subscales according to grades revealed that there were significant differences in means for the total and factor one and two, indicating younger children were more extrinsically motivated.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.316-321
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the validity of Korean Denver ll developmental screening test in screening children with developmental risk. Method: The participants in the study were 113 children referred for developmental assessment in the department of rehabilitation of D University hospital. They were examined with the BSID (Bayley Scales of Infant Development) II and Korean Denver II by one occupational therapist. The data was analyzed by $x^2$ test and discriminant analysis. Results: There was a significant relationship between the Mental Developmental Index (MDI) of the BSID II and the result of the Korean Denver II. The sensitivity and specificity of Korean Denver II were 0.87 and 0.62 when abnormal MDI was defined as lower than 85 was used as a diagnosis of developmental delay. There was a significant relationship between the Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) of the BSID ll and the result 0.7 Korean Denver ll. The sensitivity and specificity of Korean Denver II were 0.83 and 0.51 The over-all hit ratio was $79.6\%$. Conclusion: The result showed that the Korean Denver II was valid and has good sensitivity and moderate specificity in screening developmental delay.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.56-65
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• 2008

Purpose: The study was to develop an instrument to measure grandmothering stress for Korean day-care grandmothers and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument Method: The items of the instrument were based on a literature review and secondary data, After content validity tests and a pilot test, 20 items were developed. In order to test the reliability and validity of the scale, data were collected from 126 grandmothers. Result: After a factor analysis, five factors and 15 items were selected. These explained 67.2% of the total variance. The first domain was termed 'Health problems', and explained 18.1 % of the total variance, and the second domain of 'Possibility of role substitution' explained 13.8%. The third and the fourth domains were 'Relations with adult children' and 'Grandchildren's characteristics' explaining 12.5% and 12.1 %, respectively. The last domain explained 10.8% of the total variance with the theme 'Restriction of social life' After accomplishing the reliability analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was determined to be .75. Conclusions : This initial step in the development of a Grandmothering Stress Index is valuable to reflect the subject of Grandmothering stress in senior citizens in Korea. Future study should to refine the constitution of the instrument.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.23-29
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate the Korean version of World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (KWHODAS 2.0) in 12 item-self administered version (12-self). Methods: The KWHODAS 2.0 and Korean Functional Rating index (KFRI) were tested for internal consistency, ceiling and floor effects, and concurrent validity in 111 patients with low back pain and/or neck pain. Results: A very high level of internal consistency was shown for both instruments; ${\alpha}$=0.96 with KWHODAS 2.0; 12-self and ${\alpha}$=0.97 for KFRI. No ceiling and/or floor effects were found in both the instruments. The KWHODAS 2.0 and KFRI were highly correlated (r=0.77), and the relationship of each item between KWHODAS 2.0 and KFRI was ranging from r=0.09 to 0.72. Conclusion: We conclude that the KWHODAS 2.0: 12-self and KFRI are reliable and are valid instruments for the measurement of disability in Korean speaking patients with low back and/or neck pain. Both instruments, the KWHODAS 2.0; 12-Self and KFRI are now suitable for use in clinical practice and research applications.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.206-215
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the predictive validity of Comprehensive Korean Frailty Instrument (CKFI) among older adults. Methods: A secondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort study was conducted. Frailty was determined in older adults (N=9,188) according to the data in 2008 and the effects of frailty on adverse outcomes (such as institutionalization and death) were evaluated according to the data in 2011. The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) index was used to compare with the predictive validity of CKFI. Results: The prevalence of frailty was 26.3%. With the CKFI, the frail group had a higher risk of negative health outcomes compared to the robust and pre-frail groups after three years. The two of the highest risks identified using the CKFI and CHS index were institutionalization (5.522 times higher) and mortality (3.210 times higher). For both instruments, the survival analysis revealed that the risk of death increased as the degree of frailty increased. Conclusion: The CKFI consisting of self-report items and multidimensional aspects of frailty can be used as a simple instrument for assessing the frailty of older adults residing in a local community in Korea.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.31-45
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was designed to develop a valid and reliable scale for the evaluation of preconception health behavior in women preparing for pregnancy. Methods: The initial strategy included a literature review, interviews, and construction of a conceptual framework. The preliminary items were evaluated twice for content validity by experts, and modified two preliminary investigations. Participants in the 2 main investigations and the confirmation investigation were tested for reliability and validity of the preliminary scale in women preparing for pregnancy. The data were analyzed for different items exploratory and confirmatory factors. Results: The 5-point Likert scale consisted of 6 factors and 27 items. The 6-factors included 'hazardous substance factor,' 'medical management factor,' 'rest and sleep factor,' 'stress management factor,' 'information acquisition factor,' and 'resource preparation factor.' Goodness of fit of the final research model was very appropriate and based on the following measures: Q=1.98, comparative fit index=.91, Tucker-lewis index=.89, standardized root mean square residual=.07, and root mean square error of approximation=.07. The criterion validity was .64. The reliability coefficient was .92 and the test-retest reliability was .61. Conclusion: The study findings indicate that the scale can be used for the development of nursing interventions to promote preconception health behavior in women preparing for pregnancy.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.110-122
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study was to develop the Sasangin Diagnostic Questionnaire for Specialist(SDQ_S) and to evaluate the reliability and validity of SDQ_S for standardization of sasang constitutional diagnosis by korean medicine Specialist in clinical practice.Methods SDQ_S was developed through discussions of three sasang constitutional medical specialist. We recruited 210 subjects aged from 20 to 70, and conducted the evaluation of SDQ_S and sasang constitutional diagnosis. For the reliability test, internal consistency was examined by calculating the cronbach's α coefficient on 88 items excepted measurements of trunk, and independence and agreement was examined by chi-square test and McNemar test for 84 subjects which retested SDQ_S. For the validity test, discriminant functions was derived from the sample group(105 subjects), and they were applied to the test group(105 subjects). We identified the hit-ratio of SDQ_S in the test group.Results and Conclusions In the reliability test, the cronbach's α coefficient was 0.664 and 87 items(98.9%) have dependent relationships between 1st test and 2nd test. And 39 items(44.3%) have high agreements(0.8≤McNemar), 26 items(29.5%) have common agreements(0.4≤McNemar<0.8). In the validity test, four discriminant variables(Soeum Index, Taeeum Index, Torso Ratio I, Taeyang Index) were selected, and two discriminant functions were derived. Total hit-ratio was 74.2%, and hit-ratio of Taeeumin(76.7%) was higher than that of Soeumin(75.9%) and Soyangin(69.7%). SDQ_S has good reliability and validity for sasang constitutional diagnosis.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.337-340
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• 2004

The clustering problem can be formulated as the problem to find the number of clusters and a partition matrix from a given data set using the iterative or non-iterative algorithms. The author proposes a nearest neighbor and validity-based clustering algorithm where each data point in the data set is linked with the nearest neighbor data point to form initial clusters and then a cluster in the initial clusters is linked with the nearest neighbor cluster to form a new cluster. The linking between clusters is continued until no more linking is possible. An optimal set of clusters is identified by using the conventional cluster validity index. Experimental results on well-known data sets are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed clustering algorithm.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of a tool used to measure dental anxiety and fear. The Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear ($IDAF-4C^+$) was translated into Korean, and modified and revised to adapt to Korean culture. A survey was conducted among 457 patients in a dental clinic. The validity and reliability were determined using PASW Statistics ver. 18.0 and IBM SPSS AMOS ver. 21.0. Factor analysis showed that Korean version of $IDAF-4C^+$ was composed of three elements: dental anxiety, dental phobia, feared stimulus. The validity of the model was examined by confirmatory factor analysis and satisfied relevant requirements. All elements had convergent validity and discriminant validity exceeding requirements to ensure validity. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ showed good reliability. In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrate that the Korean version of $IDAF-4C^+$ has high validity and reliability. Furthermore, it can be used in clinical practice and research to decrease dental anxiety and fear.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.552-564
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to develop a client health status outcome evaluation instrument, and examine content validity, reliability, construct validity, and the acceptability of this instrument. Method: A preliminary list was made of such key information as standards, criteria, indicators and measures, by means of a broad review of literature within the field. After determining the preliminary instruments, the study sought to obtain examination, consensus, and modification of two groups of experts in the home-care field. Finally, the instrument examined content validity, reliability, construct validity, and the acceptability of this instrument. Result: The tool was considered of 13 criteria, 48 indicators, and 167 detail measures. The content validity index of the tool was above 0.8 according to the expert group. Regarding the reliability of the evaluators of standards 1 and 2, the degree of agreement between evaluators was high(96.4% through 98.2%). Construct validity in this study, the difference in the mean score between the baseline point and the follow up point of each of standards 1 and 2 was significant, and the mean score of the follow up point was more than that of the baseline point. After examining the acceptability of this instrument with practice managers and home care nurses in home care institutions, a positive opinion was given of this instrument, and it was indicated that to be useful and applicable in home care practice. Conclusion: The results of evaluating client outcome will contribute to overall outcome-based quality improvement and service marketing in home care by providing a constant gauge of home care effectiveness.