• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1013-1020
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate nutrient intake and bone status in rural postmenopausal women in Korea. Ten postmenopausal women in An-Sung area participated in this study and they were divided into two groups ; women in group I had been postmenopausal for 4 years or less and those in group II had been postmenopausal for 5 years or more before the present study began. Their environmental factors and dietary intakes were surveyed through the personal interviews. Serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone(PTH), estradiol and urinary Ca, P, creatinine, hydroxyproline levels were measured from December 4 to December 27 in 1993. The reults of this study are summarized as follows : Average ages of group I and II were 54.8 and 57.2 years. Average menopausal ages of group I and II were 50.8 and 47.3 years. The nutrient intakes of subjects were higher than recommended dietary allowances(RDA) except calorie, protein, calcium, and vitamin A. The nutrient status did not show any significant difference between group I and II. Serum levels of Ca, P, PTH, estradiol and urinary P, creatinine excretion did not show any significant difference between group I and II, and all levels were in normal range. Urinary Ca excretion(p<0.05) and hydroxyproline excretion(p<0.01) were significantly lower in group I than in group II. Urinary Ca/creatinine(Ca/cr) and hydroxyproline/creatinine(Hpr/cr) rations were significantly higher in group II than in group I(p<0.01. And Hpr/cr levels of group I were in normal range, but most of subjects in group II were higher than 0.017 indicating sign of osteoporosis. Correlations between parameters showed that serum PTH adn urinary Ca, Ca/cr levels were positive related (p<0.01), and the years of the after menopausal year and urinary Hpr/cr was also positive related(p<0.05). The present results suggests that it is difficult to protect postmenopausal women's bone destruction having Korean usual diets. Therefore, to prevent osteoporosis with aging, minimizing the hormonal changes in postmenopausal women is needed as well as Ca supplementation and proper exercise before menopause begins.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.151-166
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• 2002

This study was conducted for the evaluation of the effect of Dementia prevention nursing program on Urinary 17-KS, 17-OHCS, and Blood Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, cholesterol. The sample for the present study was composed of 16 demented elderly in D care center for the elderly in K city. The Dementia prevention nursing program consisted of concept memory training, music therapy, and art therapy. The program was performed twice a week and about ninety minutes was consumed for one session. The program had been administered for 8 weeks. We checked Urinary 17-KS, 17-OHCS, and Blood Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, cholesterol before and after the program. Statistical analysis was performed by using descriptive statistics and Wlicoxon signed rank test of SAS system for window 6.12. The result were follows : 1. Urinary 17-KS 17-KS score increased significantly after intervention(p=0.005). 2. Urinary 17-OHCS 17-OHCS score increased significantly after intervention(p=0.001). 3. Blood Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, cholesterol Na(p=0.0002), Cl(p=0.0001), K(p=0.0001), Ca(p=0.0028), decreased significantly after intervention. The results show that Dementia prevention nursing program increases Urinary 17-KS, 17-OHCS, and decreases Blood Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, cholesterol. In conclusion, the Dementia prevention nursing program can be used for the effective measure to decrease stress of the Demented elderly.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 1996

This study was conducted to compare the dietary factors which influence on the bone status of 28 women in urban and 30 women in rural area. Urinary excretion of hydroxyproline(Hpr) and Calcium(Ca) were measured as biological markers of bone resorption. Mean daily intake levels of total protein, animal protein, total calcium, calcium, calcium from milk and milk products, animal calcium, Ca / P ratio by 24 hr recall method were significantly higher in urban women. However, mean daily sodium(Na) intake levels were not significantly different between two groups. Ca Index score and Na Index score by food frequency methods were also significantly higher in urban than in rural subjects. While urinary Ca excretion elves of two groups were similar, Na excretion levels were significantly higher in rural women. Mean urniary levels of Ca / creatinine(cr) and Hpr / cr as bone status index were within normal range and not significantly different between two groups. However, prevalence of poor bone status as assessed by hydroxyproline was higher in rural women. Na Index, urinary Ca excretion and Ca / cr ratio were significantly correlated with bone status(Hpr / cr) in urban women, while only age was related to bone status in rural women. These demonstrated that high Na intake results in increased urinary excretion of Na and Ca and could cause bone resorption. Multiple regression analysis indicated that Na Index score and age have greater effect than other variables in urban women and only age has greater effect in rural women.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 1995

The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelationship among urinary excretion dietary habit of Na, Ca intake and hormonal factors in 22 hypertensive and 30 normotensive hospitalized patients. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Urinary excretion of Na in normotensive patients was not significantly different from that of hypertensive patients, while Ca excretion(as expressed on the basis of mg of creatinine) was significantly higher in hypertensive patients. 2. Habitual dietary intake of Na, Ca in hypertensive patients were not significantly different from those of normotensive patients. 3. There were no significant differences in mean plasma renin activity, aldosterone and parathyroid hormone(PTH) level between two groups. However, systolic pressure significantly correlated with PTH(r=0.2597) and aldosterone level(r=0.24648)(P<0.05). In this study blood pressure did not show any significant relationship between urinary Na excretion and habitual dietary Na intake of Na. It is speculated that individual difference of Na sensitivity might result in heterogenous blood pressure response to dietary Na intake. Higher Ca excretion in hypertensive subjects suggested a future study on the interrelationship between Ca metabolism and aldosterone system in hypertension.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.409-416
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• 2001

In order to evaluate the effect of habitual Na and Ca intake on blood pressure regulation, we measured the habitual dietary intakes of Na and Ca, urinary excretion of Ca, Na and K, and plasma level of renin activity, aldosterone, and indices of Ca metabolism in 27 untreated hypertensive women and 30 age-matched normal women on a free diet. Hypertensive and total subjects were divided into four groups according to habitual dietary intakes of Na and Ca as low Na-low Ca(LNLC), low Na-high Ca(LNHC), high Na-low Ca(HNLC), and high Na-high Ca(HNHC). HNLC hypertensive group showed the lowest level of plasma renin activity, 25-(OH) Vit D$_3$, calcitonin and serum total Ca, and presented the highest level of PTH and urinary excretions of Na/K and Ca/Cr. There were no significant difference in plasma level of aldosterone and urinary excretion of Na and K among four hypertensive groups. When all subjects were divided into four groups according to the same method, HNLC group showed the highest level of blood pressure with no statistical significance and the lowest level of calcitonin and total serum Ca. The above results indicated that renin-aldosterone system and Ca regulating hormone has a mutual relationship in hypertension. Na and Ca may interact each other, rather than affecting independently blood pressure control. As a result, considering the fact that daily balance of Na and Ca intakes affects Na and Ca regulating hormones and urinary excretion of Na and Ca, it may be involved in blood pressure control. These results suggest that maintaining an adequate intake of Ca with less intake of Na may prevent from the risk of hypertension. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 409~416, 2001)

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.307-317
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• 1994

The study analyzes relationship between Increasing tendency of urinary stone patients and changes of food intake through statistical data during recent 10 years(1982∼1991) in Korea. In four university hospitals, the number of urinary stone patients increased 2.5 times during the period. Study statistics showed sex ratio of male and female patient as 2.1 : 1.The types of the urinary stone of each patient were broad and mostly Ca and others(85.8%), and Ca oxalate stones were 65.2%. The incidence of patients with hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria was observed in the Ca stone patients than in normal person. The same period showed increase of total monthly household expenditure as 3.2 times, food as 2.5 times and medical expenses as 2.4 times : The food expenditure decreased relatively In the expenditure composition. Daily hood consumption (g/person) increased as 3 times in meat, 4 times in milk, 2.4 times in seaweeds. Daily total Ca nutrition consumption was undulant and became 1.1 times during the same period. Daily food supply (g/person) was increased 1.9 times in meat, 1.4 times in spinach. However, anchovy, laver, brown seaweed, herring and makerel showed undulant tendency. Relationship (correlation coefficient) between the increase of urinary stone patients and of food intake were studied as follows. In the case of food intake, the relative index was 0.923 in seaweeds, 0.865 in meat and 0.대27 In milk And In food supply, the relative index was 0.855 in purine group which constitute meat, anchovy, herring and makerel. The relative index of Ca components which constitute anchovy, laver, brown seaweed and shrimp was 0.270. In the case of nutrition intake, the relative index was medium in protein(r: 0.443) and In animal protein (r: 0.488) but was negative in Ca(r: -0.028).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.140-149
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• 1992

It was hypothesized that variations within the range of usual calcium(Ca) and sodium(Na) intakes of Korean influence bone mineral density(BMD) in healthy premenopausal women The relationship of nutrient intake urinary excretion physical activity and circulating IGF-1 level with spine({{{{ { L}_{2 } }}}}-{{{{ { L}_{4 } }}}}) and femur BMD was determined in 47 normal premenpausal women. There was a positive relationship between BMD of the lumbar spine and body weight. The BMD of femoral neck was positively correlated with Ca and protein intakes from animal source and circulating IGF-1 level. There was a negative relationship between femur BMD and both Na intake and urinary excretion. The complex interrelations between femur BMD regression analysis, From this analysis. Ca intake from animal origin was the only significnat Premenopausal women of femur BMD. In the basis of femur BMD three groups were divided Premenopausal women of femur BMD$\leq$0.84g/cm2 showed depressed Ca intake of animal origin in later and early life and enhanced urinary Na excretion compared to women of femur study suggests that dietary Ca is a major constituent affecting femur BMD because of a decrease in net Ca absorption and an increase in urinary Ca loss.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.671-680
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• 1999

In order to investigate the relationship between plasma renin activity and metabolism of Ca and Na in blood pressure, the habitual dietary intakes of Na and Ca urinary excretion of Ca, Na and K, and plasma level of renin activity, aldosterone, and indices of Ca metabolism were measured in 27 untreated hypertensive women and 30 age-matched normal women on a free diet. Hypertensive subjects were classified into high renin hypertensive (HH), medium renin hypertensive(HM) and low renin showed no significant difference among normotensive, LH, MH and HM groups. It appeared that 25-(OH) Vit D3 level of HH group was significantly higher than LH group(p<0.05). There was significant difference in habitual intake of Ca between normotensive and LH groups. However, habitual intake of Na showed no significant difference among normotensive, LH, MH and HH group. Positive correlation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure with PTH(r=0.324, r=0.375) and urinary Ca(r=0.496, r=0.278) and a negative correlation of systolic blood pressure with habitual Ca intake(r=-0.371) existed(p<0.05). A relative magnitude of factors affecting hypertension was analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Overall results about relative influence of independent variables to dependent variable (systolic blood pressure) indicated that urinary Ca was the higher correlation in all subjects(p<0.0001), followed by age and aldosterone. PTH showed a significant correlation for relative influence on diastolic blood pressure in all subjects. The above results indicated that renin-aldosterone system and Ca regulating hormone had a mutual relationship in hypertension.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4695-4698
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• 2012

Objective: To analyze differential diagnostic accuracy of urinary human epidydimis secretory protein 4 (HE4) in patients with ovarian tumors. Materials and methods: In the case-control study 23 patients with ovarian cancer, 37 patients with benign ovarian tumors and 18 women in the control group were included. Serum CA125 values and urinary concentrations of HE4were assessed quantitatively. Urinary creatinine concentrations and glomerular filtration rate were also determined and used to calculate ratios to HE4. Results: Higher urinary HE4 concentrations were observed in patients with late stage ovarian cancer (p=0.001) and also in patients with early stage ovarian cancer when compared to patients with benign ovarian tumors (p=0.044). On analysis where all ovarian cancer patients were included, higher diagnostic accuracy was observed with calculated ratio of HE4 to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to unchanged urinary HE4 concentrations -AUC 0.861 vs. 0.858. When discriminatory accuracy was calculated for urinary HE4/GFR ratio and unchanged urinary HE4 concentrations, the last demonstrated a higher area under the curve - 0.701 vs. 0.602. The urinary HE4/creatinine ratio had lower discriminatory characteristics than unchanged concentrations of urinary HE4. However, HE4 serum concentration was more accurate for discrimination of patients with benign and malignant ovarian tumors when compared to urinary HE4 and CA125 in sera (AUCs were 0.868 for serum HE4 and 0.856 and 0.653 for urinary HE4 and CA125, respectively). Conclusions: Ovarian cancer patients have higher urinary concentrations of human epidydimis secretory protein 4 than patients with benign ovarian tumors. Urinary HE4 has comparable discriminatory accuracy with serum HE4 for benign and malignant ovarian tumors and can be recommended as a non-invasive ovarian cancer risk assessment method.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.421-428
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• 2006

This study assessed the effects of daily isoflavone intake on urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline(DPD), Ca and Zn excretion as an index of bone resorption rates in 162 postmenopausal osteoporotic women. There were 87 participants in the osteoporosis group and 75 in the control group. The average age in the osteoporosis group was 62.97 years and that of the control group was 63.67 years. There were no significant differences between the two groups in height, weight and body mass index. The osteoporosis group consumed significantly lower amounts of soy foods compared to the control group(p<0.00l). Daily isoflavone intake was significantly different between the osteoporosis group(29.19 mg) and the control group(48.56 mg). The average urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline in the osteoporosis and control groups were 5.71 nmol/mmol Cr and 5.15 nmol/mmol Cr, respectively and these values were significantly different(p<0.05). In addition, the subjects in the osteoporosis group and control group exhibited significant difference in urinary excretion of Ca(200.16 mg/day, 177.05 mg/day respectively) and Zn(333.32 $\mu$g/day, 303.68 $\mu$g/day respectively) at the levels of p<0.0l and p<0.05, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mineral intake. Thus, daily isoflavone intakes may contribute to decreases in the rates of urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline, Ca and Zn in postmenopausal subjects.