• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 1989

방사성 물질 체내 오염에 대한 진단에 필요한 기초 자료를 얻기 위하여 $^{85}SrCl_2\;1{\mu}Ci$를 NIH(GP) 마우스의 복강내 투여로 체내 오염시키고, $CaNa_3DTPA$ 8.4 mg, sodium alginate 5 mg 및 saline 5 ml등을 병행 투여로 응급 처치한 후 경과 시간에 따라 도살 부검하여 중요 장기 및 배설물의 방사능을 측정하였다. 그 결과 방사성 스트론튬에 대한 단기간의 유효 반감기는 33 시간으로 나타났으며 각 처치제의 배설효과는 $CaNa_3DTPA$가 4.7배, sodium alginate가 1.7배, 그리고 saline이 2.4배 이었다. 스트론튬 단독 투여군의 체내 축적은 척추(脊椎), 대퇴골(大腿骨), 흉골(胸骨), 간장(肝臟)의 순이었으며, 배설 경로는 요(尿) 35.4%, 변(便) 64.4% 및 기타 0.2%이었고, $CaNa_3DTPA$ 및 saline 투여군은 주로 뇨, 그리고 sodium alginate 투여군은 변(便)을 통하여 배설하였다. 이로부터 방사성 스트론튬 체내 오염에 대한 응급 처치는 $CaNa_3DTPA$, sodium alginate 및 saline등을 병행 투여함으로써 방사선 피폭을 경감시킬 것으로 사료 되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.305-316
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• 1988

The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship of the dietary nutrients to blood pressure among preschool children in Seoul and to concurrently study the effect of seasonal variance on the aforementioned relationship. The subjects of the study consisted of 203 preschool children aged four to six years. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, pulse rate and blood pressure, urinary excretion of five cations(Na, K, Ca, P, Mg), creatinine and urea nitrogen and dietary questionaires concerning sodium, potassium calcium and phosphorus were taken during the two periods of summer(Aug. 1986)and winter(Feb, 1987). The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The daily urinary excretion of five cations, creatinine and urea nitrogen is summer and winter was as follows; The sodium content was 57.8 mEq in the summer and 59.4 mEq in the winter ; potassium 20.4 mEq and 23.0 mEq, respectively ; calcium, 5.5 mEq and 3.6 mEq, respectively ; and phosphorus, 27.4 mEq and 19.9 mEq, respectively. Only calcium and phosphours excretions in the urine showed significant differences per season(p<0.05). 2) The average dietary intake per day of sodium was 2349mg in the summer and 2155mg in the winter ; potassium consumption was 1425mg in the summer and 1448mg in the winter ; intake of calcium was 472mg in the summer and 500mg in the winter ; and phosphours consumption was 642mg in the summer and 634mg in hte winter. The sodium-to-potassium consumption ratio 1.6 and 1.5, respectively, in the summer and in the winter and the calcium-to-phosphorus ration was 0.7 in the summer and 0.8 in the winter. The dietary calcium intake showed significant differences between the seasons. 3) The principal source of sodium consumption among preschool children was from seasoning-including talbe salt, soy sauce and instant sauce-which accounted for higher then 45% of the sodium intake in both seasons. The main source of potassium was frutis and vegetables which accounted for 29.6% of the potassium intake in the summer and 25.7% in the winter. Milk and milk products were the primary dource of calcium(higher then 40% in both seasons) 4) In the summer, urinary phosphours levels were weakly reated to systolic blood pressures. (0.05

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.326-336
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• 1991

종류가 다른 채소 3종을 임의로 선정하여 마우스의 Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg 밸런스에 어떠한 영향을 미치며, 또한 채소의 종류나 양, 사육기간이 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인인지 조사하였다. 실험동물은 8주된 SPF계 마우스 130마리를 사용했으며 평균 체중은 $29{\sim}38g$이었다. 마우스 10마리를 대조군으로, 나머지 120마리를 3군으로 나누어 이를 다시 두군으로 나누어 한마리씩 분리 사육시켰다. 대조군은 물(2차 증류수)과 식이를 제한없이 주고 다른군은 물 대신 임의로 선정한 채소 3종(당근, 껍질콩, 호박)으로 대체하고 각군 20마리 중 10마리는 1주(단기간) 10마리는 2주(장기간) 사육시켜 실험 완료일 까지의 실험식이 섭취량이 대조군과 유의적인 차가 없는 마우스만을 실험대상으로 하였다. 또한 이들 채소의 양에 따라서 당근대량군(12마리), 당근소량군(10마리), 껍질콩대량군(11마리), 껍질콩소량군(9마리), 호박대량군(10마리), 호박소량군(14마리)으로 분류하였다. 체중증가는 대조군에 비하여 껍질콩대량군이 높게 나타났으며, 식이 효율은 대조군에 대한 차이가 없었다. 분변과 요량은 채소 급여에 의하여 증가하였다. 체중증가와 식이효율, 분변과 요량에는 채소의 종류나 양, 사육기간등이 작용인자로는 확인되지 않았다. 무기질 섭취량은 대조군에 비하여 Na, Ca, Fe, Cu가 호박대량군에서 가장 낮게 나타났고, K는 당근대량군이 가장 높게 나타났으며 Zn, Mg는 껍질콩대량군에서 가장 높게 나타났다. Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg의 흡수율과 밸런스는 대조군이 플러스의 균형을 나타내는데 반하여 채소 급여군은 모두 마이너스의 균형을 나타내었다. 채소의 종류, 양, 사육기간이 Na, K, Ca, Cu, Zn의 섭취량에, Cu, Zn의 흡수율에, K, Cu, Zn 평형에 각각 영향을 미치는 요인인 것으로 확인되었다. K, Zn, Mg는 대조군에 비하여 실험군의 섭취량이 증대 했음에도 불구하고 흡수율은 마이너스이였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2006

칼슘은 한국인에게 가장 부족되기 쉬운 영양소로 섭취만큼이나 흡수가 중요한 요인이 되는 미네랄이다. 최근 칼슘흡수 증진에 효과가 있는 소재로 주목받고 있는 폴리 감마글루탐산(${\gamma}-PGA;\;poly-{\gamma}-glutamic\;acid)$이 체내 칼슘흡수에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 4주령된 수컷 흰쥐(Sprague Dawley, female rats)를 이용하여 3주간 칼슘결핍식이를 급여시켜 칼슘결핍을 유도 후에, ${\gamma}-PGA$ 보충식이를 4주간 급여하였다. 실험군은 칼슘결핍군(Ca free group), 칼슘보충군(칼슘1.2% 보충군, total Ca 0.45%), 칼슘과 CPPl% 보충군(칼슘1.2%+CPP1% 보충군), 칼슘과 PGA1% 보충군(칼슘1.2%+${\gamma}-PGA1%$ 보충군), 칼슘과 CP1%+PGA1% 보충군(칼슘1.2%+CPP1%+${\gamma}-PGA1%$ 보충군), 칼슘과 PGA3% 보충군(칼슘1.2%+$\gamma$-PGA3% 보충군)으로 구분하였다. 이때 ${\gamma}-PGA$의 효과를 검증하기 위해 ${\gamma}-PGA$와 칼슘흡수 기전이 유사하고 이미 효능이 알려져 있는 casein phosphopeptide 보충군을 실험군에 추가하였다. 식이섭취량은 칼슘결핍군이 다소 낮았으나 유의적인 차이는 없었으며 칼슘섭취량도 유의적 차이 없이 비슷한 수준을 보였다. 변 및 뇨중 칼슘 배설량은 칼슘만을 섭취한 대조군에 비해 ${\gamma}-PGA$보충군에서 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 칼슘흡수율 또한 그룹간의 유의적 차이를 보여 칼슘만을 섭취한 그룹에 비해 ${\gamma}-PGA$를 함께 보충한 그룹의 흡수율이 30%더 높은 경향을 보였으며 이는 이미 효능이 알려진 CPP보다 우수한 수준이었다. 골형성 지표인 혈중 ALP를 측정한 결과 대조군에 비해 ${\gamma}-PGA$보충군이 유의적으로(p<0.05) 낮았고, 혈중 칼슘농도는 항상성을 유지하며 그룹간의 유의적 차이 없이 비슷한 수준을 보였으며 , OHPr/Cre도 유의적 차이는 없었다. 뼈 중 칼슘함량 및 강도는 칼슘결핍군이 나머지군에 비해 유의하게(p<0.03) 낮았으며, 칼슘함량의 경우 칼슘만을 보충한 그룹에 비해 ${\gamma}-PGA$를 함께 보충한 그룹이 농도 의존적으로 높은 칼슘함량을 보였고(p<0.05), 골강도의 경우는 유의적 차이는 없었으나 ${\gamma}-PGA$를 함께 보충한 그룹이 농도 의존적으로 골강도가 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 칼슘결핍을 유발한 흰쥐 에 칼슘만을 보충시켰을 때보다 칼슘과 함께 ${\gamma}-PGA$를 함께 보충했을 경우, 칼슘흡수 증진 및 골대사에 긍정적으로 기여함을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 좀 더 명확한 효과 검증을 위해서는 차후 많은 개체수와 장기간의 식이를 통한 반복실험, ${\gamma}-PGA$섭취수준에 따른 추가실험이 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2009

As far as we know, there were no studies of the effect of L-arginine on bone metabolism in post-menopausal women or ovariectomized rats. The primary objective of the current study was to determine whether arginine supplementation was associated with alterations in femoral and spinal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone markers in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, Ovx and sham groups, which were each randomly divided into two subgroups that were fed control and arginine supplemented diet. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone formation was measured by serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations. Bone resorption was measured by deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks immunoassay and corrected for creatinine. Serum osteocalcin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin were analyzed using radioimmunoassay kits. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using PIXImus (GE Lunar Co, Wisconsin, USA) in spine and femur. The serum and urine concentrations of Ca and P were determined. The plasma was analyzed for arginine. Diet did not affect weight gain, mean food intake, and plasma arginine concentration. Urinary Ca excretion was decreased by arginine supplementation in Ovx rats, but statistically not significant. The Ovx rats fed arginine-supplemented diet were not significantly different in ALP, osteocalcin, crosslinks value, PTH, calcitonin and IGF-1 compared to those fed control diet. The arginine-supplemented group had significantly higher serum Ca and growth hormone than control group. Spine and femur BMD were significantly increased by arginine supplementation on 5th and 9th weeks after feeding. Our findings indicate that dietary L-arginine supplementation decreased bone mineral density loss in Ovx rats. Therefore, dietary arginine supplementation may represent a potentially useful strategy for the management of osteoporosis.

• 약학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.224-229
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• 1987

The earthworm(Annelid) is a herbicine which has traditionally been used in the treatment of infectious fever, jaundice, infection of middle ear, laryngitis, pharyngitis, nephritis, headache, toothache and certain urinary tract infections from the olden times. Before the isolation and purification of biologically active components we analyzed the basic constituents(proteins, amino acids, mineral, etc.) with lyophilized powder of Lamnodrilus gotai Hatai. The results were as follows: Minerals detected and quantitatively analyzed were $Ca^#$, $Mg^#$, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Co, Cr, Ni, Ge and Se. Amino acids detected were alanine, phenylalanine, leucine, glutamic acid, tyrosine, threonine, arginine, aspartic acid, methionine, lysine, serine, histidine, isoleucine, glycine, proline and etc. The constituents of proteins, fat, fiber, ash and phosphorous were measured. These constituents were compared and discussed with those of other investigations.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2005

본 실험은 칼슘 결핍과 난소 제거로 유발한 골다공증에 대한 한방요법의 효과에 대하여 고찰하였다. 1) 난소 제거로 인한 에스트로겐의 결핍 및 칼슘 결핍은 폐경여성에서 관찰되어지는 것처럼 골강도 및 골밀도의 손실을 일으켰다. 2) 한방 추출물의 투여는 에스트로겐 결핍 및 칼슘 결핍으로 유도된 골강도 및 골밀도 손실에 대한 예방효과가 관찰되었다 3) 난소제거로 인한 에스트로겐의 결핍 및 칼슘 결핍은 골대사의 생화학적 지표들(혈청 중 alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, osteocalcin, 그리고 뇨중 deoxyopyridinoline 농도)에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 4) 한방 추출물의 투여 또한 골 대사의 생화학적 지표들에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 결론적으로, 한방 추출물의 골손실에 대한 예방효과는 한방 추출물의 골다공증 치료제로서의 가능성을 제시하며, 새로운 골다공증 치료제 개발 일환으로 한방추출물의 적용기간 및 농도 변화를 통한 계속적인 연구가 요구되어진다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.2255-2258
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• 2016

Background: Awareness about prostate cancer has increased in the community, and prostate cancer screening examinations, including prostate specific antigen (PSA) assays, are now widely available. Prior to the PSA era, up to 27% of prostate cancers were detected incidentally at the time of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). After PSA testing became widely available, the incidence of incidentally detected carcinoma prostate in TURP specimens without prior diagnosis reduced to 5-13%. However, the incidence of incidentally detected carcinoma prostate has been reported to vary across the globe since various factors can influence the identification of this malignancy in TURP specimens. In this paper, we focus on rates of incidentally detected prostate cancer in TURP specimens in our hospital and correlate it with various parameters. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study of histopathological findings of biopsy specimens was conducted for patients undergoing TURP during a period of 5 years from April 2010. The inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (digital rectal examination (DRE) not showing any abnormally hard areas and normal age adjusted PSA values). Patients with elevated PSA, abnormal DRE, documented urinary tract infection and proved adenocarcinoma prostate (CaP) were excluded from the study. The total weight of prostatectomy specimen, occurrence of carcinoma prostate in the chips, percentage of total tissue resected showing malignancy and Gleason's scores were recorded. Results: A total of 597 patients belonging to the inclusion criteria were studied. The incidence of occult CaP in the study group was 5.2 % (31/597). Out of these, 8 belonged to T1a and 23 belonged to T1b stages. The age group 70 - 79 years had the maximum incidence of occult CaP. It was observed that the clinical grading of prostate did not have a bearing on the incidence of occult CaP whereas the weight of resected specimen correlated with the incidence of CaP. The incidence of occult CaP was greater with low volume prostates (<20 g). (P=0.15). Conclusions: The rate of incidentally detected adenocarcinoma prostate in patients undergoing TURP for clinically diagnosed BPH was found to be only 5.2 % in our study which is low when compared with similar studies done elsewhere. The age of the patient and weight of the resected specimen correlated with incidence of occult prostate cancer. The clinical grading of prostate by DRE however, demonstrated no correlation.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.395-404
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• 1996

The effect of meal service for home-staying, urban elderly with low income on their mineral status and prevalence of clinical symptoms was evaluated. One hundred. One hundred and eighty three subjects were assigned to meal-served(served) and non-served(non-served)groups. A meal containing approximately one half of the RDA for energy, protein, calcium and iron was served as lunch every day to served group at a welfare center. Dietary, biochemical and clinical data were collected before and after 6 months of meal service and the changes of parameters were analyzed with paired t-test. served female showed significantly increased intake of calcium. The mean hemoglobin, serum iron, TIBC and serum copper of female were significantly increase with meal service. The proportion of anemic female compared to reference data on hemoglobin, hematocrit and serum iron were 45.5$\%$, 29.1$\%$ and 16.4$\%$ respectively, but were lowered to 18.2$\%$, 7.3$\%$, and 5.5$\%$ after 6 months of meal service. served male showed significant increase in MCHC, serum copper, and urinary Na. The urinary Ca/Creatinine, which is often used as an index of bone resorption, was decreased significantly in served group. The decrease in the proportion of served women suffering from edema of ankle and diarrhea was most apparent and less women reported feeling clinical symptoms of dizziness, constipation, difficulty in hearing, and coughing after meal service. The symptoms of benumbness of hands and feet and coughing was lowered most among men after meal service. Clinical symptoms of non-served elderly did not show improvement in feeling clinical symptoms except slightly decreased frequency in coughing of female and buzzing sound in the ears and diarrhea of male.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.547-553
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• 2001

This study was designed to observe the change of body composition and nutrient metabolites and the excretion of minerals during complete fasting for 10 days in thirty women. Average loss of body weight was 7.98kg and body fat was gradually reduced after 9 days fasting, but the loss of lean body mass was reduced after 7 days fasting. Serum glucose level was sustained at constant level, but serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, free acid and $\beta$-hydroxybutyrate were significantly increased during fasting but decreased after re-feeding. Urinary excretions of 3-methylhistidine, total creatinine, and urea were high in the beginning of fasting but gradually decreased. Serum level of parathyroid hormone was significantly reduced by fasting but regained after re-feeding. Serum level of minerals was at the constant level throughout the experimental period. The urinary excretion of minerals(Ca, K, Mg, P) was significantly increased in the early stage of fasting and then reduced from 7 days, but the excretion of Zn was continuously increased until the late stage of fasting. These results showed that amino acid fatty acid released from the breakdown of muscle protein and body fat, respectively, were utilized for energy during fasting. Body weight and BMI were reduced because of the increased muscle protein breakdown and body water excretion during early stage of fasting, but the significant body fat loss was after 9 days fasting. Therefore, it could be suggested to fast for longer than 10 days if the reduction of body fat was planned by fasting, and recommed to exercise and ingest more vitamins and minerals to replace the excreted minerals during fasting. (Korean J Nutrition 34(5) : 547~553, 2001)