• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권13호
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• pp.5475-5482
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• 2014

Cervical cancer, the second most common malignancy all over the world, is associated with HPV infection. In a developing country like India, lack of early detection and treatment facilities is the main cause for its high burden. Therefore, through our study we e tried to present the current scenario of existing facilities for the detection and treatment of cervical cancer in hospitals and primary health centers (PHCs) of Delhi-NCR region. Data were collected from 312 healthcare facilities including public and private hospitals and PHCs of all nine districts from Delhi-NCR region. Healthcare providers including gynecologists, medical officers, women health care providers and paramedical staff were interviewed, using a questionnaire; the facilities for screening, diagnosing, and treating cervical cancer in each institution were recorded, using a previously designed checklist. Our study has shown that the basic facilities for the detection and treatment of cervical cancer are abhorrently lacking in Public hospitals and PHCs as compared to the Private hospitals in Delhi-NCR region. This study demonstrates that there is an urgent need for more investment in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer facilities in public and rural healthcare facilities of Delhi-NCR region.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.321-334
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• 2007

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to understand and compare perception and experience between clinical staffs(nurses and pharmacists) and Quality Improvement managers. Method: A qualitative study was conducted with 14 clinical staffs and QI managers who are working at tertiary hospitals in Korea. Interviews were recorded and transcribed for systematic analyses of qualitative data. Results: Most critically, while QI managers acknowledged that establishment of the patient safety culture and reduction of medical errors are urgent tasks for QI effort, clinical staffs don't seem to share such perceptions. All participants agree that staff shortage and no compliance to safety procedures were major reasons for medical error occurrences. Many suggested that an organizational culture where errors were perceived as a systematic problems rather than individual failures or carelessness should be formed to promote voluntary reporting of medical errors. Conclusion: A more systematic effort and attention at the hospital leadership and public policy level should be promoted to constitute societal consensus on the urgence of promoting patient safety culture and more specific approaches to tackle the patient safety problems.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2015

Since security vulnerabilities newly discovered in a popular Web browser immediately put a number of users at risk, urgent attention from developers is required to address those vulnerabilities. Analysis of characteristics in the Web browser vulnerabilities can be used to assess security risks and to determine the resources needed to develop patches quickly to handle vulnerabilities discovered. So far, being a new research area, the quantitative aspects of the Web browser vulnerabilities and risk assessments have not been fully investigated. However, due to the importance of Web browser software systems, further detailed studies are required related to the Web browser risk assessment, using rigorous analysis of actual data which can assist decision makers to maximize the returns on their security related efforts. In this paper, quantitative software vulnerability analysis has been presented for major Web browsers with respect to the Common Vulnerability Scoring System. Further, vulnerability discovery trends in the Web browsers are also investigated. The results show that, almost all the time, vulnerabilities are compromised from remote networks with no authentication required systems. It is also found that a vulnerability discovery model which was originally introduced for operating systems is also applicable to the Web browsers.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2015

This review has focused on important but less visible aspects of fibromyalgia (FM) with respect to the high impact of this disorder on patients and societies. FM is a common but challengeable illness. It is characterized by chronic widespread pain, which can be accompanied by other symptoms including fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and depressive episodes. While our understanding of this debilitating disorder is limited, diagnosis and treatment of this condition is very difficult, even in the hands of experts. Due to the nature of disease, where patients experience invalidation by medical services, their families and societies regarding the recognition and management of disease, direct, indirect and immeasurable costs are considerable. These clinical and economic costs are comparable with other common diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension and osteoarthritis, but the latter usually receives much more attention from healthcare and non-healthcare resources. Present alarming data shows the grave and "iceberg-like" burden of FM despite the benign appearance of this disorder and highlights the urgent need both for greater awareness of the disease among medical services and societies, as well as for more research focused on easily used diagnostic methods and target specific treatment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2020

The study seeks to evaluate the impacts of three types of credit - formal, semi-formal, and informal credits - on the well-being of households in Vietnam's rural areas. Based on data from the Vietnam Household Living Standard Surveys in 2014 and 2016, the research uses the instrumental variable fixed-effect models to estimate the effects of three kinds of credit on household's per capita income and expenditure. There are some significant findings. First, in rural areas, formal credit is the most popular source with stable and cheap borrowing costs. Informal credit is a complement to formal credit to meet urgent needs. Funding agriculture activities is the most commonly cited purpose of borrowing, followed by purchasing assets. The highest misuse rate belongs to the group of loans for agriculture production. Second, the results show that credit helps smoothen consumption rather than generate income for rural households. Three types of credit have insignificant or negative effects on household's per capita income. Formal loans significantly improve total expenditure and spending on healthcare and education. Informal and semi-formal credits show a little influence on consumption. Informal loans have a significantly positive effect on healthcare expenditure. In contrast, having semi-formal loans tends to decrease spending on foods.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2017

This study develops an early warning system (EWS) to prevent the banking crisis. The proposed system incorporates both the perspective of crises and fundamental characteristics of the banking system in each economy. A fuzzy logic method with data from 1990-2009 is employed to construct the EWS of banking crisis based on 21 pre-determined variables from the aspect of total economy, financial and banking sectors. Our results show: Firstly, South Korea recorded higher probability to have a banking crisis in 1997 as there was large foreign debt in dollars. Secondly, China, Australia and New Zealand banking systems appear to be vulnerable to the crisis in 2007. The surge of China export, FDIs and booming stock market were signs of a heated economy. Australia with high commodity prices was also vulnerable to crisis. Thirdly, Australia, China, Japan and New Zealand banking systems appear to be exposed to the higher chance of a crisis in 2010. Japan with deflation coupled with expensive yen did not augur well for its export. Overall, the findings show that in Asian Financial Crisis 1997/98 and Global Financial Crisis 2008/09, many economies are exposed to a higher probability of having the crisis and this shows an urgent need of having surveillance in these economies.

• 센서학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2012

The rapid water pollution in stream, river, lake and sea in recent years raises an urgent need for continuous monitoring and policymaking to conserve the global clean environment. In particular, the increasing water pollution in coastal marine areas adds to the importance of the environmental monitoring systems. In this paper, the mobile server is designed to gathers information of the water quality at coastal areas. The obtained data by the server is transmitted from field servers to the base station via multi-hop communication in wireless sensor network. The information collected includes dissolved oxygen(DO), hydrogen ion exponent(pH), temperature, etc. By the information provided the real-time monitoring of water quality at the coastal marine area. In addition, wireless sensor network-based flooding routing protocol was designed and used to transfer the measured water quality information efficiently. Telosb sensor node is programmed using nesC language in TinyOS platform for small scale wireless sensor network monitoring from a remote server.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.182-187
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• 2006

Aerial application using an unmanned agricultural helicopter can reduce labor and pollution. The development of an agricultural helicopter became urgent for both precise and timely spraying. In this study, a rotor system for unmanned helicopter capable of 20 $kg_f$ payload, was developed and lift capability was evaluated. A lift force over the dead weight of the helicopter was obtained at the pitch angle of $6^{\circ}$. As the pitch angle increased to $8^{\circ}\;and\;10^{\circ}$, the total lift increased to $74{\sim}81\;kg_f\;and\;86{\sim}93\;kg_f$, respectively. A range of engine speed at the rated flight condition, lifting mean payload of 23 $kg_f$ was determined. The data acquired from this study will be used for designing tail system and RF console in the next stage of the research. The rated lift capability was enough for loading 20 liters of spray material including spraying equipments.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

The physical therapy that is in use nowadays, especially thermotherapy, aquatherapy and manual therapy, has been around since humans started to live on the earth. In primitive times, when men were injured while hunting, they washed the wound in clean water and dried it out in the sunshine. They also soaked their bodies in hot springs to decrease physical fatigue. This primitive Korean traditional physical therapy was in common use among people throughout the Koguryo, Koryo and Chosun dynasties. Historical records show that some kings in those days recommended to their men these methods to treat any chronic disease or illness. This was often thought of as a positive means of treatment. Korean traditional physical therapy has been developed, and the scientific effects of therapy have been proven. Korean traditional physical therapy is used extensively in hospitals and clinics to treat many kinds of diseases and illnesses. Unfortunately some methods that have not been medically substantiated as an effective treatment are being used by practitioners. In this situation there is an urgent need for scientifical research and data regarding any unproven physical therapy techniques.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2012

Objectives : The study was carried out to find out the experience of musculoskeletal disorder symptoms of dental hygienists and evaluate the risk with ergonomic evaluation method(RULA). Methods : The subjects in this study were 344 dental hygienists working at dental clinics and general hospitals in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Daejeon and Chungnam/Chungbuk. The data were collected through the self-questionnaire survey from July 26th 2010 to September 30th 2010. Results : The results showed that those who working at dental hospital, network dental clinics, with 1-5 years of clinical experience, long working hour and sitting hour, no rest hour, more physical and mental burden had higher rate of the experience of musculoskeletal disorder symptoms compared with other groups. The final score of RULA evaluation results was 6 on average requiring continuous observation and urgent demand for work improvements. According to the result of RULA evaluation by work, the orthodontic clinics were 4.5, prosthodontic clinics were 5.0, and dental surgery clinics were 6.8 being the most risky. Conclusions : The study showed high complaints rate on musculoskeletal disorders in dental hygienists. Thus, various measures including provision of proper working and rest hours, use of ergonomic working equipments, strengthening the health education for desirable working posture and the development of musculoskeletal disorder prevention program should be needed.