• Title/Summary/Keyword: urban population

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Community Structure of Benthic Macroinvertebrate in the Urban and Nature Stream (도심하천과 자연하천의 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집 구조)

  • Shin, Seok-Min;Choi, Il-Ki;Seo, Eul-Won;Lee, Jong-Eun
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.22 no.12
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    • pp.1551-1559
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    • 2013
  • This study was conducted to compare benthic macroinvertebrate communities of urban stream and nature stream in Daegu-si, Gyeongju-si, Gyeongsan-si, Andong-si, and Cheongsong-gun. The survey was carried out with 12 points in total six points for urban stream, six points for nature stream from Sept. 2011 to July 2012. In the urban stream were 33 species belonged to 24 families, 11 orders, 7 classes and 4 phyla while in the nature stream were 73 species belonged to 38 families, 12 orders, 5 classes and 4 phyla. In general, species diversity indices and species richness indices appeared low in urban stream but dominance indices was high. Functional feeding groups and Habitat Oriented Groups appeared comparatively simple in urban stream rather than nature stream. As a result of analysis of community stability, species included to area I and area III equally appeared in nature stream while species included to area I mostly appeared in urban stream. An analysis of the correlation between the population density and the number of species, the population number and biological indicators such as DI, H', RI, and ESB revealed that there was a significant correlativity with the diversity index and a very high correlativity with the number of species, abundance index and the ESB. On the other hand, the population number and the dominance index did not reveal any correlativity. For indicator species, Hydroptila KUa, Physa acuta appeared in urban stream while Paraleptophlebia chocolata, Epeorus pellucidus appeared in nature stream.

Dynamic Forecasting of Urban Activity by System Dynamic (System Dynamics에 의한 도시활동의 동적 예측)

  • Hwang, Jin-Sung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.53-64
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this study was to predict the future urban activities effectively and rationally. For the purpose, a simulation model, based on SD, was built by integrating economic activities, land use and traffic of a city and by dividing Daegu Metropolitan City into seven districts and one county. To identify the effect of the development of a new city in the Dalsung County area, the future population and traffic volume of the city were predicted, using the model. The results are summarized as follows. The future population according to the development of a new city in the Dalsung County area was predicted, and the effects before and after the development twenty years later were compared. The future population of the Dalsung County was found to have slightly increased, whereas that of the adjoining Dalsuh Metropolitan District was found to has slightly decreased. For the other districts, there were no changes of the future population. It was found, therefore, that the development of a new city would have no effect on other districts. Then, the traffic volume according to the development of a new city in the Dalsung County area was also predicted. It was found that in the initial stage the traffic volume would increase with the increase in population of Dalsung County. It was predicted that particularly,. the traffic volume for the purpose of business would greatly increase. The traffic volume of Dalsuh Metropolitan District showed a slight decrease, whereas for the other districts, there were no changes of the traffic volume.

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Evaluation of Community Health Center for Vulnerable Population in Urban Areas (취약계층 주민을 위한 도시형 지역사회중심 간호센터 평가)

  • Park, Kyung-Min;Kim, Chung-Nam;Koh, Hyo-Jung;Park, Yeong-Sook;Park, Jung-Sook
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.266-275
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate achievements of a community health center for vulnerable population in urban areas and to find out its strength and weakness. Method: This evaluative study employed system theories and analytic techniques. Results: The purpose of improving vulnerable population's health-related self-care abilities adequately met the operation of programs. This center maintained close connection to a nursing college as a information resource. The subjects' satisfaction was high because team members who visited them were faithful and there were face-to-face contact, sufficient time set, closeness and resourcefulness. There were needs for regular meetings to discuss overall matters in organizing the program and to improve management skills. The mean score of health promotion lifestyle was 2.23 on a 4 point scale. This score indicates what in higher than vulnerable people in other communities. Conclusions: Community-based nursing centers for vulnerable population in urban areas should be developed as support organizations and community network.

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Vertical Urban Design and Thinking within the Framework of Urban Regeneration

  • Jun Zha;Xuewei Chen;Yan Li
    • International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 2023
  • By limiting population and land resources, a high-density urban form has become the inevitable choice for central cities in the rapid growth of many large cities in China. Due to the shift in urban growth and focus, high-density urban areas require restoration and improvement. This study intends to combine ancient and new districts, establish strategies for enhancing urban function, spatial utility, industry, and transportation, and thus enhance regional holistic effectiveness, by performing in-depth research.

A Study on Urban Inhabitants' Consciousness for Urban-Countryside Complex Type Villages Development - Focused on Gwang-ju Inhabitants (도시근교 도농복합형마을 개발에 관한 도시민의 의식조사 연구 - 광주광역시 주민을 중심으로)

  • Han, Seok-Jong
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 2012
  • As the rural economy is worsening day by day due to rapidly declined population and increase of aging generation, the emptiness in the rural areas are becoming increasingly intensifying. In particular, urban runoff of young adults and middle-aged people and the decrease in birth rate have shrunk the rural population reaching to raise concerns on the stage of emptiness. On the other hand, people in the urban areas with rapid industrialization and overcrowding call for the variety of housing needs moving away from monolithic housing types. In order to solve problems of rural communities such as emptied out rural society as well as the problems of urban communities in overcrowdings, environment, and housing, it is required to develop an urban-countryside village complex pursuing advantages of the rural environment and convenience of urban living. Of this time, there needs a change in rural development policies which can make the urban residents migrate and settle in the rural areas as they are naturally embracing the rural life according to the social background and demand.

Changes of Spatial Structure in Busan Metropolitan using GIS - with Special Reference to Population, Employment and Land Prices - (GIS를 활용한 부산시공간구조변천에 관한 연구 - 인구, 고용, 지가분포를 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Heung-Kwan
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.204-214
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    • 2006
  • The necessity of a management for a metropolitan has long intrigued many urban scholars and researchers who are interested in Busan metropolitan spatial structure and its problems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic changes of spatial structure in Busan Metropolitan by analyzing the population, employment and Land prices, for the period of 1993, 2001. The major results in this study are as follows; While main-centers have experienced significant loss of population, sub-centers have been growing. Jung-Ang Dong still has high accessibility in population potentials, but its accessibility has declined since 1993. Pu-Jeon Dong had increasing trend of population until 2000, but its population has also descended since that time. Meanwhile, the population of sub-centers has increased in its accessibility. And The spatial pattern of the population in Busan has changed from monocentric to polycentric. This phenomenon was almost spontaneously generated from population dispersion from existing main-centers. In terms of change of land values are there is a spatial and temporal rhythm in the urbanization of Busan. The highest land value in Busan is shown in CBD. The development of Busan proceeded along the north-south belt and extended to west Busan.

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A Study on the Residential Environment and Consciousness of Downtown Areas at Regional Small & Medium Cities - Case Study for Urban Regeneration of Naju Region I - (지방 중소도시 도심지역의 거주환경과 거주의식에 관한 연구 - 나주 도심재생을 위한 사례연구 I -)

  • Jeong, Young-Deok;Cho, Yong-Joon;Kim, Yun-Hag
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.125-132
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    • 2007
  • This study examines and analyzes residential environment and consciousness of downtown residents in Naju city and its results are as follows. Naju's population or urban population were decreased by half for 25 years, but area of residential regions was increased twice. It indicates that major parts of increased residence area are occupied by housing site development area. Uses of downtown buildings are for residential building mostly, but commercial building is less than 1/3 and story of buildings is mostly the first floor. So downtown area in Naju has residential function mostly and family composition is over sixties in more than half of population and regional aging is remarkable because household over majority of the population has no family under twenties. Downtown areas showed detached house and their own house in 2/3 of population and residents over majority of population have lived in current house over 20 years and had strong settlement. But housing site area is less than 40 pyeong at 3/2 of population and 2/3 of population have not parking lot. Most of population have dissatisfaction with their residential environment and for solving their dissatisfaction, improvement of poor residential environment, road extension and construction of parking lot are needed most. Most of residents consider that improvement of residential environment or economic level is normal or developed a little compared to five years ago, but when such a dissatisfaction is solved, they continue to live in their area.

Growth and Impact Analysis of Nonemployment Income as an Urban Economic Base -The case study of U.S. Arizona State- (도시경제기반으로서의 비고용소득 성장과 영향분석 - 미국 아리조나주의 경우 -)

  • 김학훈
    • Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.27-40
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    • 1993
  • Most studies on regional economic impact have utilized employment or employment income data. Recently, a few scholars have noticed the importance of nonemployment income sources in urban economies. Using decennial census data on Arizona towns from 1970 to 1990, this paper first examines the increasing importance of nonempolyment income sources in urban economies and the associations of nonemployment income sources with elderly population and metropolitan location. Then, this paper investigates the impact of nonemployment income on urban growth in the framework of economic base model. The regression results show that the impact of nonemployment income is significant in the increase of nonbasic income and becomes greater over time, and that the impact of transfer over time, and that the impact of transfer income on nonbasic income of transfer income on nonbasic income is stronger in smaller towns and the impact of investment income is stronger in larger towns.

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Spacio-temporal Analysis of Urban Population Exposure to Traffic-Related air Pollution (교통흐름에 기인하는 미세먼지 노출 도시인구에 대한 시.공간적 분석)

  • Lee, Keum-Sook
    • Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.59-77
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of traffic-related air pollution on the urban population in the Metropolitan Seoul area. In particular, this study analyzes urban population exposure to traffic-related particulate materials(PM). For the purpose, this study examines the relationships between traffic flows and PM concentration levels during the last fifteen years. Traffic volumes have been decreased significantly in recent year in Seoul, however, PM levels have been declined less compare to traffic volumes. It may be related with the rapid growth in the population and vehicle numbers in Gyenggi, the outskirt of Seoul, where several New Towns have been developed in the middle of 1990's. The spatial pattern of commuting has changed, and thus and travel distances and traffic volumes have increased along the main roads connecting CBDs in Seoul and New Towns consisting of large residential apartment complexes. These changes in traffic flows and travel behaviors cause increasing exposure to traffic-related air pollution for urban population over the Metropolitan Seoul area. GIS techniques are applied to analyze the spatial patterns of traffic flows, population distributions, PM distributions, and passenger flows comprehensively. This study also analyzes real time base traffic flow data and passenger flow data obtained from T-card transaction database applying data mining techniques. This study also attempts to develop a space-time model for assessing journey-time exposure to traffic related air pollutants based on travel passenger frequency distribution function. The results of this study can be used for the implications for sustainable transport systems, public health and transportation policy by reducing urban air pollution and road traffics in the Metropolitan Seoul area.

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Analysis of Spatial Growth Characteristics of Major Cities in Hunan Province, China for Sustainable Urban Management (지속 가능한 도시경영을 위한 중국 후난성 주요 도시의 공간적 성장 특징분석)

  • Yang, Li-jun;Kim, Hyunchul;Ahn, Chulok
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.45 no.3
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    • pp.197-203
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    • 2022
  • Urban space expansion is an important symbol of the urbanization process and has always been an important topic in urban studies. In addition, for sustainable city management, it is important to identify factors that can influence, such as the driving force and direction of urban space expansion, from the stage of establishing an urban development plan. To understand these factors, by observing the expansion process of a specific city, it is possible to sufficiently observe how the urban spatial dimension changes. Through a series of processes, the spatial growth characteristics of the city are analyzed, and the influence and results of important factors are analyzed. For this purpose, this paper examines the changes in the city's outer boundary and land use structure through monitoring data on urban areas of 14 cities in Hunan Province, China from 2000 to 2016. Temporal and spatial regularity according to the urban space expansion of these cities were analyzed, and a preliminary assessment was made on whether the urban space expansion is coordinated with the urban population growth. The assessment result showed: (1) The urban space of most cities has been extended rapidly in 2000-2015 however, the rate and the intensity of urban space expanding has been declining. (2) The construction of the industrial park is the core driving force of the urban space expanding, and the change of the urban space structure is manifested as enclave city expansion because that the industrial park is usually far away from the city center. (3) The population agglomeration is another driving force of the urban space expanding. At this time, the urban space expanding is like boundary extension. (4) Except Changsha city, all of the cities has a high urbanization-area-growth elastic coefficient. It means that most of the cities should enhance the land use degree.