• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.103-112
• /
• 2012

This research introduces a trip generation model reflecting time-series effects derived from a panel analysis with the data collected from the national household trip surveys conducted in 1996, 2002 and 2006. The existing methods are unable to reflect time-series effects from the change of socioeconomic conditions because the parameters applied to the model were basically from the base year of study - the parameter values were unchanged. This study proposes a new trip generation model developed through a panel analysis performed with the data collected from the last three national household trip surveys. From the results, it was found that the number of school trips increases and that the number of shopping trips decreases as time passes. The results showed that there are time-series effects affecting in trip generation.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.1169-1188
• /
• 2016

Real-time substructuring techniques are currently an advanced experimental method for testing large size specimens in the laboratory. In dynamic substructuring, the whole tested system is split into two linked parts, the part of particular interest or nonlinearity, which is tested physically, and the remanding part which is tested numerically. To achieve near-perfect synchronization of the interface response between the physical specimen and the numerical model, a good controller is needed to compensate for transfer system dynamics, nonlinearities, uncertainties and time-varying parameters within the physical substructures. This paper presents the substructuring approach and control performance of the linear and the adaptive controllers for testing the dynamic characteristics of soil-structure-interaction system (SSI). This is difficult to emulate as an entire system in the laboratory because of the size and power supply limitations of the experimental facilities. A modified linear substructuring controller (MLSC) is proposed to replace the linear substructuring controller (LSC).The MLSC doesn't require the accurate mathematical model of the physical structure that is required by the LSC. The effects of parameter identification errors of physical structure and the shaking table on the control performance of the MLSC are analysed. An adaptive controller was designed to compensate for the errors from the simplification of the physical model in the MLSC, and from parameter identification errors. Comparative simulation and experimental tests were then performed to evaluate the performance of the MLSC and the adaptive controller.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2015

In the case of rapidly developed urban and industrial complex, the most area becomes impervious, which causes the increasing runoff and high probability of flooding. SWMM model has been widely used to calculate stormwater runoff in urban areas, however, the model is limited to interpreting the actual natural phenomenon. It has the uncertainty in the model structure, so it is difficult to calculate the accurate runoff from the urban basin. In this study, the model parameters were investigated and uncertainty was quantified using Uncertainty Quantification Index (UQI). As a result, pipe roughness coefficient has the largest total uncertainty and largest effect on the total runoff. Therefore, when the stormwater pipe network is designed, pipe roughness coefficient has to be calibrated accurately. The quantified uncertainty should be considered in the runoff calculation. It is recommended to understand the characteristics of each parameter for the prevention and mitigation of urban flood.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.02a
• /
• pp.787-790
• /
• 2008

The SWAT(Soil and Water Assesment Tool) is a relatively large scale model for the complicated watershed or river basin. The model was developed to predict the effect of land management practices on water, sediment and agricultural chemical yields in large complex watershed with varying soils, land use and management conditions over long periods of time. Usually streams are divided into urban stream and natural stream in accordance with the development level. In case of urban stream, according to urbanization, as impermeable areas are increasing due to the change of land use condition and land cover condition, dry stream phenomenon at urban stream is rapidly progressed. In this study, long term run-off simulations in urban stream are performed by using SWAT model. Especially, the model is applied in small scale water shed, Joman River basin. The optimization by the sensitivity analysis is also performed for the model parameter estimations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.173-179
• /
• 2015

In this paper, object-based classification of urban areas based on a combination of information from lidar and aerial images is introduced. High resolution images are frequently used in automatic classification, making use of the spectral characteristics of the features under study. However, in urban areas, pixel-based classification can be difficult since building colors differ and the shadows of buildings can obscure building segmentation. Therefore, if the boundaries of buildings can be extracted from lidar, this information could improve the accuracy of urban area classifications. In the data processing stage, lidar data and the aerial image are co-registered into the same coordinate system, and a local maxima filter is used for the building segmentation of lidar data, which are then converted into an image containing only building information. Then, multiresolution segmentation is achieved using a scale parameter, and a color and shape factor; a compactness factor and a layer weight are implemented for the classification using a class hierarchy. Results indicate that lidar can provide useful additional data when combined with high resolution images in the object-oriented hierarchical classification of urban areas.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2021.06a
• /
• pp.142-142
• /
• 2021

An arbitrary representation of an urban drainage sewer system was devised using a geographic information system (GIS) tool in order to calculate the surface and subsurface flow interaction for simulating urban flood. The proposed methodology is a mean to supplement the unavailability of systematized drainage system using high-resolution digital elevation(DEM) data in under-developed countries. A modified DEM was also developed to represent the flood propagation through buildings and road system from digital surface models (DSM) and barely visible streams in digital terrain models (DTM). The manhole, sewer pipe and storm drain parameters are obtained through field validation and followed the guidelines from the Plumbing law of the Philippines. The flow discharge from surface to the devised sewer pipes through the storm drains are calculated. The resulting flood simulation using the modified DEM was validated using the observed flood inundation during a rainfall event. The proposed methodology for constructing a hypothetical drainage system allows parameter adjustments such as size, elevation, location, slope, etc. which permits the flood depth prediction for variable factors the Plumbing law. The research can therefore be employed to simulate urban flood forecasts that can be utilized from traffic advisories to early warning procedures during extreme rainfall events.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.107-113
• /
• 2014

The goal of this study is to develop the accident models of motorcycle at roundabouts. In the pursuing the above, this study gives particular attentions to developing the appropriate models using ZAM. The main results are as follows. First, the evaluation of various developed models by the Vuong statistic and over-dispersion parameter shows that ZINB is analyzed to be optimal among Poisson, NB, ZIP(zero-inflated Poisson) and ZINB regression models. Second, the traffic volume, width of central island and width of approach are evaluated to be important variables to the accidents. Finally, the common variables that affect to the accident are selected to be traffic volume and width of approach. This study might be expected to give some implications to the accident research on the roundabout by motorcycle.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.795-805
• /
• 2006

Tuned Liquid damper and Tuned Liquid Column are kind of passive mechanical damper which relies on the sloshing of liquid in a rigid tank for suppressing structural vibrations. TLD and TLCD are attributable to several potential advantages - low costs ; easy to install in existing structures : effective even for small-amplitude vibrations. In this paper, the shaking table experiments were conducted to investigate the characteristics of water sloshing motion in TLD (rectangular, circular) and TLCD. The parameter obtained from the experiments were wave height, base shear force and energy dissipation. The shaking table experiments show that the liquid sloshing relies on amplitude of shaking table and frequency of tank. The TLCD was more effective control vibration than TLD.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• v.3 no.6
• /
• pp.805-820
• /
• 2012

An enhanced and efficient methodology is proposed for evaluating the robustness of an uncertain structure with passive dampers. Although the structural performance for seismic loads is an important design criterion in earthquake-prone countries, the structural parameters such as storey stiffnesses and damping coefficients of passive dampers are uncertain due to various factors or sources, e.g. initial manufacturing errors, material deterioration, temperature dependence. The concept of robust building design under such uncertain structural-parameter environment may be one of the most challenging issues to be tackled recently. By applying the proposed method of interval analysis and robustness evaluation for predicting the response variability accurately, the robustness of a passively controlled structure can be evaluated efficiently in terms of the so-called robustness function. An application is presented of the robustness function to the design and evaluation of passive damper systems.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.417-427
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to build urban canopy model (Met Office Reading Urban Surface Exchange Scheme, MORUSES) based to Unified Model (UM) by using urban building information data in Seoul, and then to compare the improving urban canopy model simulation result with that of Seoul Automatic Weather Station (AWS) observation site data. UM-MORUSES is based on building information database in London, we performed a sensitivity experiment of UM-MOURSES model using urban building information database in Seoul. Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis of 1.5 km resolution Seoul building data is applied instead of London building information data. Frontal-area index and planar-area index of Seoul are used to calculate building height. The height of the highest building in Seoul is 40m, showing high in Yeoido-gu, Gangnam-gu and Jamsil-gu areas. The street aspect ratio is high in Gangnam-gu, and the repetition rate of buildings is lower in Eunpyeong-gu and Gangbuk-gu. UM-MORUSES model is improved to consider the building geometry parameter in Seoul. It is noticed that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of wind speed is decreases from 0.8 to 0.6 m s^-1 by 25 number AWS in Seoul. The surface air temperature forecast tends to underestimate in pre-improvement model, while it is improved at night time by UM-MORUSES model. This study shows that the post-improvement UM-MORUSES model can provide detailed Seoul building information data and accurate surface air temperature and wind speed in urban region.