• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.145-162
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relations between Wives' marital satisfaction and Divorce attitude as a basis building in marital stability . A measurement tools used for this study are marital satisfaction scale, which was adapted and reproducted from Dyadic Adjustment Scale(DAS) developed by Spanier and Divorce attitude Scale, which was developed by researcher refer to preceding study connected with a cause of divorce. The subjects were 354 married women dwelling in Seoul. Statistical methods such as frequency, percentile. mean , standard deviation, one way ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation were used for data analysis. The results of this study are as follows; 1) there is the tendency to high marital satisfaction group rather more than low marital satisfaction group and to permissional attitude group rather more than negative attitude group about divorce attitude. 2) There was difference in marital satisfaction by number of children, wives's educational level, parents marriage happiness. While, there was no difference in marital satisfaction by length of marriage, family income, wives employments status, marriage pattern. 3) There was partially difference in wives' attitude toward divorce by wives educational level, family income. Both there was no difference in wives attitude toward divorce by the other factors. 4) wives' attitude toward divorce correlates with marital satisfaction. The correlation coefficients is 283 significantly of .001 level. The more satisfaction wife feels about her own matrimony. the more negative a attitude she has toward divorce. This menas that attitude toward divorce depends upon their matrimony. 5) The four type of marital stability are as follows; high marital stability type, high subjective unstability type, high objective unstability type, high marital unstability type.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.62-70
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to suggest an improved method of how to apply and operate an average floor height system to rebuilt or redeveloped apartment buildings in general residential areas of Seoul. This research suggested two research findings by a computer simulation study for analyzing the difference between the average floor height of apartment buildings in experimental sites and the average of floors of buildings near experimental sites. The first finding is that an average floor height system should be applied to apartment buildings with a limitation of maximum height at sites larger than $12,000m^2$ in order to control the difference of the maximum height of buildings between apartment sites and their surroundings. The second finding is that the average floor height system should be operated by an appropriate average floor height ratio at sites greater than $50,000m^2$ in order to harmonize rebuilt or redeveloped apartment buildings with their surroundings.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 1986

The underground living spaces have become one of the major environment of this decade in urban area. This study was carried out to examine contamination level for purpose of preservation of the pleasant underground environment. Three subway stations and three underground shopping centers in Seoul and two underground shopping centers in Busan were selected and surveyed by measuring gaseous pollutants $(SO_2,\; NO_2,\;CO,\;HC,\; HCHO,\;CO_2)$, dust, airborne microbes, and the other air condtions (temperature, humidity, air pressure, air flow, kata cooling power). These examined data were compared with four kinds of standard (building sanitation management, room air quality standards, occupational safety and health standards, ventilation equipment) as environmental hygiene.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2013

Trees are important ground objects that cause oxygen and reduce carbon dioxide in urban areas. For management of the trees, many studies using LIDAR data have been conducted. But, they rely on overseas developed LIDAR data processing software applications because there is a lack of domestically developed software applications. Therefore, this work was intended to propose an automation process that helps to extract trees automatically from LIDAR data. The proposed process has the function to classify LIDAR data and to extract building regions and trees automatically. It was applied to a study place in Yongin to conduct a test. As a result, about 88% of trees were extracted from the automation process.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.9 no.1 s.18
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• pp.27-35
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• 2003

As the modern societies have become complicated and diverse, people's interest in "leisure time" has been higher than ever before, especially in relation to 5 day work a week. The increasing weekend trip and the travlers' demand for the better service and the convenient accomodations gave birth to "Pension" as one of accomodations in Korea. This study focuses on the attempt to plan and design the establishment of the competitive "Pension" which are popular between travelers in their twenties and thirties living in cities. This study also attempts to find the solution of the problems in relation to the actual conditions of the pensions which are built and under construction, and to suggest a new revised concept of pension. The summary is as follows: 1. This study focuses on the special theme of building Mo-Hyun Myon pension community with originality and new style of management. 2. This study includes the introduction of the special agency which makes reservations, promotes, and manages for the convenience of customers and buyers. 3. It pianos to secure the public area for various events and rests. 4. The geographical features of the site where the complex stands will be fully utilized to maximize the beauties of nature.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.23-32
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• 2016

The necessity of remodeling performance grading system is getting increased for the systematic management of existing housing stock, providing the resident's right to know and promoting the remodeling projects. A quantitative and objective evaluation method that has reflected the characteristics of remodeling must be developed because there is an aspect of having difficulty of assessment by an ordinary person as remodeling performance contains specialized details while the difficulty of applying the criteria of new buildings in terms of assessment items, criteria and methods. Accordingly, this study sets the goal as setting up the development objectives of performance grading system that has considered the remodeling characteristics. This study has analyzed the various assessment systems related to the domestic apartments as well as setting up the organization system of the remodeling performance grading system, perspectives of performance assessment and scope of assessment through literature, etc. It has also established the principles for setting up the assessment items of remodeling performance grade to present the directions for setting up assessment items and criteria.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.57-61
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• 2005

The objectives of this study are to illustrate an alternative housing type responding to the social requirements and customers' needs, to suggest the improvement plan for the related laws and regulations through survey of the actual condition for housing buildings such multi have been raised in classification due to that the existing law systems including the current use classification of residential buildings have been defined unclearly. Especially, various social problems have yielded in line with emergence of the housing type which is not legally classified as residential however used for the living purpose practically. Current zoning planning and related law system have rigidity. So, It is required to introduce a flexible classification system which protects the residential environment based on the housing purpose, function and habitability and provides correspondence between residence and ownership/management method. The legal classification system should be revised in a way that the housing use classification corresponds with the zoning system through breakdown of the use classification system

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.96-107
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• 2015

Brownfield sites are beginning to be considered as potentially useful areas for landscape design and planning, with post-industrial areas such as water treatment facilities and military training bases being converted into useful landscapes such as parks and recreation areas. These redevelopments bring broad benefits through revitalizing communities and increasing property values, thus, increasing the demand for comprehensive management and planning policies. This study examines changes in U.S. brownfield policies and programs and, identifies their periodic characteristics over the thirty years since the Superfund program was introduced in 1980. A descriptive and interpretive approach was utilized, focusing specifically on a time sequential analysis of the data gathered from the overview of the Environmental Protection Agency's web-based documents and related literature. The primary changes in and characteristics of programs and policies were analyzed and divided into three periods : environmental protection, remediation and reuse, and comprehensive planning. Four major features were identified: relaxation and readjustment of regulation, diversification of support programs, a mix of top-down and bottom-up approaches, and database system building. The study examines how common brownfield problems such as site identification difficulties and assessment and remediation cost have been dealt with in the regulatory context and has implications for future policies and programs for effective brownfield planning and management in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.559-575
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• 2021

Due to the increase in ground excavation work, the possibility of ground subsidence accidents is increasing. And it is very difficult to prevent these risk fundamentally through institutional reinforcement such as the special law for underground safety management. As for the various cases of urban ground excavation practice, the ground subsidence behavior characteristics which is predicted using various information before excavation showed a considerable difference that could not be ignored compared to the results real construction data. Changes in site conditions such as seasonal differences in design and construction period, changes in construction methods depending on the site conditions and long-term construction suspension due to various reasons could be considered as the main causes. As the countermeasures, the safety management system through various construction information is introduced, but there is still no suitable system which can predict the effect of excavation and risk assessment. In this study, a web-based system was developed in order to predict the degree of impact on the ground subsidence and surrounding structures in advance before ground excavation and evaluate the risk in the design and construction of urban ground excavation projects. A system was built using time series analysis technique that can predict the current and future behavior characteristics such as ground water level and settlement based on past field construction records with field monitoring data. It was presented as a geotechnical data visualization (GDV) technology for risk reduction and disaster management based on web-based system, Using this newly developed web-based assessment system, it is possible to predict ground excavation impact prediction and risk assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.153-161
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• 2012

This study conducted a survey and field investigation on the application of the Public Obligation System for new & renewable energy in public buildings, as well as energy consumption of each building according to their uses. The findings are as follows: (1) Since the introduction of the Public Obligation System (until June 30, 2011), there was average 1.4 new & renewable energy facilities established at 1,433 places. Preference for solar energy facilities was the highest at 57.8%. (2) The revised act sets the obligatory supply percentage of new & renewable energy for each public building: it is 9.0% for a tax office, 4.2% for a dong office, 8.2% for a public health center, and 12.6% for a fire station. All the public buildings except for fire stations failed to meet 10% expected energy consumption, a revised standard. (3) Energy consumption of each public building was 120.6TOE for a tax office, 124.3TOE for a dong office, 166.4TOE for a public health center, and 174.6TOE for a fire station. The energy consumption was comprised of 80% electric power, 18% urban gas, and 1% oil. (4) Electric power consumption per person in the room was high at a dong office, and fuel consumption per person in the room was high at a public health center. In addition, electric power consumption per unit space was high at a public health center, and fuel consumption per unit space was high at a fire station. (5) In all the four public buildings, power load had the highest basic unit percentage at average 55%, being followed by heating load (21.2%), cooling load (15%), and water heating load (7%). A tax office and fire station had 2% load due to cooking facilities.