• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제58권4호
• /
• pp.197-217
• /
• 2006

본 논문은 서울과 춘천지역 거주자를 대상으로 실시한 "고령화와 한국 노인의 삶의 질에 관한 조사"의 1차년도와 3차년도 패널자료를 이용하여, 노인의 성과 거주 지역에 따라 은퇴로의 진입이 심리적 안녕에 미치는 영향이 다른지를 분석하였다. 전체 표본(n=1,124)을 도시 남성노인, 농촌 남성노인, 도시 여성노인, 농촌 여성노인으로 구분하여 은퇴로의 진입과 심리적 안녕과의 관계를 살펴본 결과, 도시 남성노인에게서만 은퇴로의 진입이 심리적 안녕에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 은퇴로의 진입과 심리적 안녕과의 관계가 노인의 성, 거주 지역에 따라 다름을 보여주며, 이러한 차이는 성과 거주 지역에 따라 생애주기 동안 경험한 경제활동, 가정내 역할, 은퇴 이후 역할 등의 차이에 영향을 받은 것으로 보여진다.

• 한국노년학
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.1277-1293
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 부산지역의 도농복합지역인 기장군 노인을 대상으로 노인의 고독감에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석한 것이다. 이를 위해 개인적 요인, 건강 요인, 그리고 사회적 요인으로 독립변수를 구분하여 노인 고독감의 영향요인을 살펴보았다. 조사대상은 부산광역시 기장군에 거주하는 65세 이상 노인 138명이며, 사전에 교육된 조사원을 통해 면접조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저 노인 고독감은 평균 50.6(SD 4.2))로 중간 정도 수준으로 나타났다. 다음으로 도농복합지역 노인의 고독감에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 개인적 요인 중 생활만족도, 건강요인 중 일상생활수행 정도, 그리고 사회적 요인 중 사회적 지지(정서적 지지와 도구적 지지)와 사회활동참여로 나타났다. 생활만족도와 일상생활수행정도가 낮을수록 고독감이 높은 것으로 나타났으며 정서 및 도구적 지지와 사회활동참여정도가 적을수록 고독감이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 현재의 노인 서비스를 정서적이고 대인관계적 관점으로 초점이 확대되어야 한다. 그리고 도농복합지역 노인의 고독감을 완화시키기 위한 기존의 사회복지서비스가 수정 및 보완되어야 할 필요가 있으며 노인의 고독감을 감소하기 위해 사회적 지지와 사회활동정도 등과 같은 사회적 요인을 강화하는 방안을 마련해야 한다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.659-666
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 식생활 양상이 서로 다를 것으로 생각되는 농촌, 어촌, 도시 지역별 각각 137명, 100명, 117명을 대상으로 직접면담과 24시간 회상법에 의한 식사섭취 조사를 실시한 후 현재 우리나라에서 권장량이 설정되어 있는 칼슘, 인, 철, 아연을 중심으로한 무기질의 섭취 상태를 비교${\cdot}$ 평가함으로써 대상자 특성별 영양지도에 필요한 기초 자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 농촌, 어촌, 도시 지역 대상자들의 평균 연령은 긱각 55.5세, 57.0세, 47.9세였다. 지역별 1일 총 식품섭취량은 유의한 차이가 없었으나 곡류, 당류, 채소류, 버섯류, 어패류, 우유류, 유지류의 섭취량은 유의한 차이를 보여 곡류, 버섯류, 채소류는 농촌지역이, 어패류는 어촌지역이, 당류, 우유류, 유지류 섭취량은 도시지역이 높았다. 영양권장량 대비 에너지, 칼슘, 비타민 A, 비타민 $B_6$ 섭취 비율은 지역별 유의한 차이를 보여 에너지와 비타민 $B_6$는 농촌지역이, 칼슘과 비타민 A는 도시지역이 높았으며, 어촌지역은 칼슘, 비타민 A, 비타민 $B_6$ 섭취비율이 세 지역 중 가장 낮았다. 전체대상자의 권장량 대비 무기질 섭취비율은 칼슘 $60.1\%$, 인 $123.9\%$, 철 $95.2\%$, 아연 $73.1\%$로 칼슘과 아연 섭취가 낮았다. 지역별 비교에서 칼슘 섭취비율은 농촌과 어촌이 각각 $58.2\%$와 $53.5\%$로 도시 지역의 $67.9\%$보다 유의하게 (p<0.01) 낮았다. 칼슘은 채소류, 버섯류, 과일류, 육류, 어패류, 우유류를 통한 섭취량이 지역별 유의한 차이를 보여 채소류, 버섯류, 육류는 농촌지역이, 어패류는 어촌지역이, 과일류와 우유류는 도시지역이 가장 높았다. 권장량 대비 무기질 섭취비율을 $75\%$ 미만, $75\~125\%,\;125\%$ 이상으로 분류하여 지역별 분포 차이를 살펴보았을 때 아연은 권장량의 $75\%$ 미만을 섭취한 대상자가 어촌 및 도시가 농촌보다 유의(p<0.05)하게 많았으며, 전체대상자 중 권장량의 $75\%$ 미만을 섭취한 대상자는 칼슘 $74.9\%$, 아연 $63.8\%$로 높았다. 전체 대상자의 칼슘 섭취에 기여한 식품은 멸치, 배추김치, 우유, 두부, 쌀, 아이스크림, 미역, 요구르트, 미꾸라지, 파 순이었으며, 이상의 10가지 식품을 통해 전체 칼슘 섭취량의 $53.5\%$가 공급되었다. 인, 철, 아연은 쌀을 통한 공급량이 각각 무기 질 섭취량의 $15.5\%,\;22.1\%,\;35.9\%$로서 가장 높았다. 아연은 쌀 이외에 돼지고기, 쇠고기, 팥, 개고기, 닭고기, 우럭, 두부, 차조, 배추김치를 통해 총 아연 섭취량의 $64.4\%$를 섭취하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합할 때 어촌지역의 식품 및 영양소 섭취 수준이 가장 낮았으며, 세 지역 모두 칼슘과 아연의 섭취가 권장량에 미치지 못하였다. 칼슘은 농촌과 어촌의 섭취량이 도시지역보다 낮았으며, 권장량의 $75\%$ 미만의 아연을 섭취하고 있는 대상자는 어촌 및 도시가 농촌보다 유의 (p<0.05)하게 많았다. 따라서 칼슘과 아연 섭취를 증가시키기 위해서는 농촌지역은 어패류와 우유류, 어촌지역은 채소류와 우유류, 도시지역은 채소류와 같이 지역에 따라 각 무기질의 공급이 취약한 식품을 선택적이고 집중적으로 섭취할 수 있도록 영양지도를 차별화시켜야 할 것이다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한지역사회영양학회 2005년도 10th Anniversary International Symposium
• /
• pp.20-32
• /
• 2005

With the prosperous economy, the status of diet and nutrition among the urban and rural Chinese population has been improved significantly. This paper will focuses on three main surveys in China. (1)'Food and Nutrition Surveillance System in China': Phase I focused on analysis of previous data. Phase II was a pilot survey initiated in Beijing, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Ningxia, Zhejiang, Guangzhou, and Sichuan in 1990. (2) 'The China Health and Nutrition Survey' is an ongoing longitudinal project covered 8(9) provinces in 1991,1993,1997,2000. This paper will analysis the adults aged 18 45 of 1991, 1993, 1997, and 2000. (3) Survey on the status of nutrition and health of the Chinese (2002) is an across sectional study covered 31 provinces, autonomous region and the municipalities. The data was used to analyze the status of food consumption and dietary nutrients intake of Chinese population. In the past ten years, the prevalence of malnutrition and nutrition deficiency has been continuously decreased. The consumptions of animal products, milk, and edible oil have been increased, while the dairy and legume products consumption decreased. The unbalance was showed with a downward trend in cereals, vegetables and fruits consumption and a significant increase in animal products and oil intake among urban people. Dietary pattern of some subjects went away to 'high energy density' diet. The deficiency of calcium, retinal and ascorbic acid etc, especially in the rural areas still exist. China is undergoing a remarkable, but undesirable, rapid transition towards a stage of the nutrition transition characterized by high rates of DR NCDs in a very short time. China is facing the dual challenges of nutrition deficiency and nutrition imbalance. The results can help to understand the dietary structure and the status of nutrition among Chinese people over the past years. It will provide the basis for formulating relevant state policies.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.513-527
• /
• 2016

The objective of the present study was to review the current research about the outcomes of horticultural activity interventions in order to determine research trends and analyze the characteristics of horticultural activity interventions. We reviewed the literature using search engines such as the Web of Science, Proquest Dissertation and Theses, Academic Search Premier, Research Information sharing Service, and Korean National Assembly Digital Library to locate journal articles that include relevant search terms (e.g., gardening activity, gardening program, allotment garden, urban agriculture, horticultural therapy, and horticultural activity). We initially identified 14,414 journal articles that were published before April 2014 and selected 509 of the papers for review. We found that studies investigating treating children and adults 8 to 64 years old were the most common, and horticultural activities such as gardening outdoors, planting indoors, making crafts with live plants, arranging flowers, making crafts with artificial or pressed flowers, and other activities were usually combined. Short/medium term (11 to 20 sessions) horticultural activity programs were the most frequent, and most interventions were of medium duration (> 60 min to 120 min). Most of the studies focused on the psychological or emotional effects of horticultural intervention, such as its effects on emotional intelligence, self-esteem, stress, and depression. Further studies are needed to analyze the research methodology, specific outcomes, and strengths or weaknesses of studies investigating horticultural activity interventions.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is analysing the influence of how health behavior such as smoking, drinking, and consuming salt and obesity affects to blood pressure and providing useful data for preventing ischemic heart disease of Peru which is main cause of death since 2012 and promoting healthy lifestyle of community. Methods: At the selected four districts in Lima and Callao region of Peru by KOICA Peru office, survey was conducted among adults over the age of 18. Excepted 19 incomplete people for the missing, 686 people were analysed in this survey. Results: There was no significant relationship between blood pressure and drinking and salt intake. By regression analysis, systolic blood pressure was significantly related with gender, age and abdominal obesity and diastolic blood pressure was significantly related with gender and abdominal obesity. Conclusions: As a result, diastolic and systolic blood pressure are mainly affected by waist circumference and gender. Therefore, It's need to be classifying male into vulnerable groups in the occurrence of hypertension and providing health education and information about hypertension to them. For improving health status of vulnerable group, awareness of hypertension prevention and changing unhealthy lifestyle to healthy lifestyle activities are necessary. In the end, it is necessary to prevent abdominal obesity through periodic health education.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.144-152
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence rate of hypertension and diabetes a in the urban communities and to provide the basic data for development of health promot The subjects of this study were 526 people over the age of 20, living in Seoul. Data for this collected from June 19, 2001 to September 25, 2001. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The subject group is comprised of males, $57.4\%$ and females, $42.6\%$. Their ages range from 20 to 89, and the weights from 40 to 94 kilograms. 2. In the systolic blood pressure, $36.1\%$ showed high, $56.5\%$ normal. and $7.4\%$ low. In the diastolic blood pressure, $50.5\%$ showed high, $48.9\%$ normal, and $1.7\%$. low. In the blood glucose, $70.3\%$ showed normal. $27.9\%$ high, and $1.7\%$. low. 3. There was a significant difference in the mean(SD) of the systolic blood pressure by age(p=.017) and weight(p=.005). Another significant difference was found in the mean (SD) of the diastolic blood pressure by age(p=.006) and weight(p=.007). There was a significant difference in the mean(SD) of the blood glucose by sex and age(p=.001). 4. There were significant correlations between the blood pressure and the blood glucose and the sex, age and weight. 5. The multiple regression analysis showed that the age and weight explained $9.9\%$ of the systolic blood pressure, that the weight and age explained $7.1\%$ of the diastolic blood pressure, and that the age and systolic blood pressure explained $7.0\%$ of blood glucose. The results were useful in developing health promotion programs. This study suggests that a further study be needed.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.226-232
• /
• 2016

Background: This study was conducted to analyze the influence of socioeconomic characteristics of community on the food insecurity under the control of personal socioeconomic factors which may be influence to the food security. Methods: Food insecurity and individual socioeconomic characteristics were obtained from 2012 community health survey. Socioeconomic characteristics of communities were extracted from the data of Statistics Korea and local governments. Personal socioeconomic factors were sex, age, educational status, job, and monthly family income. Socioeconomic characteristics of communities were administrative district (urban vs. rural), senior population rate, degree of financial self reliance, degree of financial independence, portion of welfare budget, number of welfare facilities, and unemployment rate. We analysed the relationships between the food insecurity and socioeconomic characteristics of community using multi-level analysis under the control of personal characteristics. Results: On personal level age, sex, education status, and monthly family income were related with food insecurity. On community level administrative district (urban vs. rural), degree of financial independence, unemployment rate, and proportion of welfare budget among local general government accounts were related to individual food insecurity. Rural area, district with low levels of financial independence, low portion of welfare budget, and greater unemployment rate showed a higher level of food insecurity. Conclusion: To reduce the level of food insecurity in a community it is necessary to decrease the unemployment rate, in addition to providing support from the central government by increasing the proportion of the welfare budget so that both factors contribute to raising the degree of financial independence.

• 대한공간정보학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 과거 태풍 루사와 매미로 침수피해가 발생해 재해위험지구로 지정된 창원시 마산합포구 신포지구와 해운지구를 연구대상지로 선정하여 대피자 특성에 따른 대피소의 접근성을 분석하였다. 대피속도는 신체조건을 고려하여 어린이, 일반성인, 노약자로 구분하여 분석하였다. 해운지구의 경우 현재 지정된 대피소가 적절한 것으로 분석되었으나 신포지구에서 노약자의 경우 재해위험지구의 50%이상이 대피 취약지역으로 나타났다. 따라서 추가적으로 3개의 대피소가 지정되었고, 그 결과 기존의 대피소에서 발생되었던 대피취약지역이 개선되었음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 대피 위험도와 문제점을 해결하기 위한 보완 대책을 수립하는데 이용될 것으로 판단된다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.545-550
• /
• 2021

Background and objective: With increasing land use intensity in urban areas, apartment buildings have been recognized as a typical type of urban residence. In this study, the impacts of different views through a window on health-related responses were investigated using psychological and physiological parameters. Methods: Photos of three different types of views taken on low (2-12 m), middle (28-35 m), and high (over 54 m) floors of dense apartment building areas were used as visual stimuli. Twenty-two healthy adults participated in the indoor experiment. Semantic differential methods and profile of mood states were used as psychological tools. Autonomic nervous activity was evaluated using blood pressures, pulse rate and heart rate variability (HRV). Results: Analytic data showed different characteristics of psychological and physiological outcomes in three different apartment views. In the analysis of psychological parameters, significantly negative responses to the views on middle floors were found in the subscales of tension-anxiety and anger-hostility, compared to low floors. Significantly positive scores in the subscale of vigor were found on low floors with abundance of vegetation and high floors with a view of the sky. A significantly increased value of HF was found on low floors (2,294.96 ± 169.79), compared to the middle(1,553.45 ± 84.66) and high (1,523.02 ± 70.49) floors. Despite the high scores in openness and vigor, high floor views showed significantly higher LF/HF values (1.83 ± 0.09), the indicator of the sympathetic nervous system, than low (1.30 ± 0.07) and middle floor views (1.34 ± 0.06), which might be related to the unconscious fear of heights. Conclusion: Views from different heights in an apartment building can affect the psychological states of residents. Green space through the window may have a positive health outcome by reducing physiological stress.