• 한국작물학회지
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.220-239
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• 2021

Grasses (Poaceae) belong to the biggest plant family among angiosperms and it cover around 20% of the earth's surface. The members of this family are mostly utilized as food resources by humans and animals but they are also valuable in terms of evolution and ecology. The member of the subfamily Pooideae represents, temperate grasses, and includes a number of economically important crops and belongs to the clade BOP (including the subfamilies Bambooideae, Oryzeae, and Pooideae). This subfamily is the largest among all grass families. The special features of this subfamily are cold acclimation and vernalization. The members of Pooideae subfamily with the aforementioned special features are thought to have evolved in the Cenozoic era when the temperature on earth started to cool down, which triggered the diversification of this subfamily through adaptation to cold weather. The agricultural origin of wheat, barley, oat, and rye is attributed to fertile crescent and thereafter they were domesticated through Neolithic evolution. The history of domestication of each Pooideae crop is distinct and is based on their purpose. Recently, breeding of these crops is performed differently due to the development of new technologies such as genomics and genome editing. This review article summarizes the evolutionary history of the members of the subfamily Pooideae and use of pre-existing information for future breeding efforts.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.426-433
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• 1988

토양(土壤)에 납의 농도(濃度)를 0, 150, 300mg/kg로 처리(處理)하고 콩, 팥, 땅콩, 감자, 고구마, 옥수수, 참깨, 들깨에 대(對)한 납흡수량과 콩과 들깨에 대하여는 소석회(消石灰)와 인산(燐酸) 2 배양(倍量)을 증시(增施)하여 납 흡수량(吸收量), 수량(收量), 토양중(土壤中) 납 함량(含量)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 작물별(作物別) 납 흡수량(吸收量). ${\circ}$ 무처리(無處理) : 참깨>옥수수>고구마>들깨>감자>콩=팥=땅콩 ${\circ}$ 150mg/kg처리(處理) : 참깨> 옥수수>감자>고구마>콩>들깨>땅콩>팥 ${\circ}$ 300mg/kg처리(處理) : 참깨>감자>들깨>옥수수=콩>땅콩>고구마>팥 2. 작물부위별(作物部位別) 납함량(含量) : 뿌리>줄기>잎>곡립(穀粒) 3. 토양중(土壤中) 납함량(含量) 증가(增加)에 따라 각작물(各作物) 모두 납함량(含量)이 증가(增加)하고 수량(收量)은 감소(減少)하였다. 4. 소석회시용(消石灰施用)으로 납함량(含量)이 감소(減少)되나 인산증시(燐酸增施)는 들깨는 감소(減少)되나 콩은 경향이 없었다. 5. 토양중(土壤中) Pb/Ca+Mg당량비(當量比)가 감소(減少)함에 따라 콩과 들깨 모두 잎과 곡립(穀粒)의 납함량(含量)이 감소(減少)되었다. 6. 소석회시용(消石灰施用)으로 콩과 들깨가 증수(增收)되나 인산(燐酸)은 감수(減收)되었다. 7. CaO함량(含量)은 토양중(土壤中) 납농도(濃度)가 증가(增加)할수록 잎과 줄기에서 증가(增加)하나 뿌리에서는 감소(減少)하는 경향이며 $P_2O_5$ 함량(含量)은 모두에서 증가(增加)하는 경향이었다. 8. 시험후(試驗後) 토양(土壤)의 1N $NH_4$ OAC가용성(可溶性) 납함량(含量)은 150mg/kg처리(處理)에서는 26~50ppm, 300mg/kg처리(處理)에서는 42~70ppm이었고 시험토양(試驗土壤)의 pH는 소석회(消石灰)>인산(燐酸)>무시용(無施用) 순(順)으로 높았다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.120-139
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 CLUE-s(Conversion of Land Use and its Effects at Small regional extent)와 RCP(Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 및 8.5 HadGEM3-RA(Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model version 3 Regional Atmosphere)시나리오를 사용하여 미래 농지이용 변화와 기후변화가 관개 필요수량에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 논산시(55,517.9ha)의 농지이용 항목으로 논, 밭, 시설재배지를 고려하고 DIROM (Daily Irrigation Reservoir Operation Model)을 이용해 탑정저수지 수혜구역(5,713.3ha)에 대한 관개 필요수량(Irrigation Water Requirement, IWR)을 추정하였다. CLUE-s를 이용한 미래 농지이용 변화를 모의하기 위해 환경부의 2007년, 2013년, 2019년의 토지피복도 6개 항목(수역, 시가지, 논, 밭, 산림, 시설재배지)을 적용하였다. 그 결과, 2100년은 2013년에 비해 논과 밭이 5.0%, 7.6% 감소했으며, 시설재배지는 24.7% 증가하는 것으로 전망되었다. 미래의 농지이용과 기후변화를 모두 고려한 경우의 RCP 4.5 및 RCP 8.5 모두 2090s(2090~2099) IWR은 미래 기후변화만 고려한 경우에 비해 논과 밭에서는 각각 2.1%, 1.0% 감소하고 시설재배지에서는 11.4% 증가하는 것으로 전망되었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1987

This survey was been conducted to classify the distribution of morphological and chemical characteristics of soils in the major districts cultivating flue-cured tobacco plant. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Tobacco was mainly grown in local valley, 7-15% slopes, loam and sandyloam containing gravels, and productivity classes of soil were corresponded to 3-4 degree for upland crops. 2. most soils were acidic (below pH 5.5) and contained low organic matters. (below 2%) 3. Dominant soil series were SANGJU, JIGOG, SEOCTO, SAMGAG ANRYONG, SUAM, and YESAN.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1999

To find the latent effect of paper mill sludges (PMS) with and without alum, and alum paper mill sludge compost(PMSC) on aluminum toxicity of crops, the pH buffer capacity and the acidification resistance index (ARI) for PMSs and PMSC were investigated, comparing to upland soil. Buffer capacities of PMS with and without alum, and PMSC were significantly higher than $2.5cmol^+kg^{-1}$ of check soil as 137, 250, and $147cmol^+kg^{-1}$, respectively. Owing to such high buffer capacity of PMS and PMSC, they showed to be well-resisted to acidification.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.113-119
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• 1975

Volcanic Ash Soils are widely distributed in Jeju island, and constitute the important upland soils which are either presently being cultivated or are suitable for reclaiming. The characteristics of Volcanic Ash Soils according to data made available by previous studies in Jeju and the outside of the country are as following: The most conspicuous mineralogical property is the presence of amorphous mineral colloids. The colloids have large and highly reactive surface to which the common physical and chemical properties are related. Soils are low in bulk density and higher both in porosity and permeability. Accumulation of humus in the upper part of soil is found in great quantity. Cation exchange capacity is high mainly due to high humus content, but the absorbing intensity of ammonium and potassium is weaker than that of crystalline clays. The phosphate absorption coefficient is extremely high and deficiency of minor element may occur both crops and animals. Soils are densely populated with actinomycetes and anaerobic bacteria. Nitrification and activity of urease are distinctly stronger than that of non-Volcanic Ash Soils.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.98-106
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• 1996

An irrigation scheduling model, IRIS developed to evaluate irrigation demand and irrigation time for upland crops. For IRlS modeling the soil moisture simulation model, SWATRER was adopted and modified. The developed model, IRIS operated under 5 different soil moisture level that is 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% of available soil moisture and optimum soil moisture level, OSML, which is different about the growing stage and no rainfall condition during growing period. As a result for IRIS simulation, irrigation demand for 5 different soil moisture level was 332.3, 409.8, 569.3, 732.2, 539.3mm, irrigation number was 5, 8, 18, 54, 16 times and irrigation interval during peak time of consumptive use was 20, 13, 6, 2, 6 days respectively. It is appeared that the higher soil moisture level the more irrigation demand and irrigation number and the higher soil moisture level the less irrigation interval.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.8-14
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• 1969

Salt tolerances of Chinese cabbage and cabbage were observed by means of the sand culture and field experiment. The point of 50% yield reduction of Chinese Cabbage was 1% of salt concentration in sand culture. The Na absorption in the salty upland conditions was increased but the absorption of Ca, Mg were interrupted as the salt concentration was raised and there were no differences in the absorption of N and P. The Si absorption was increased at low salty conditions, but the salt concentration was raised, the absorption was interrupted drastically. The cabbage was more stronger salt tolerance than Chinese cabbage, and it was possible to prevent the salt damage significantly by planting on sloping beds instead of planting on the double-row beds in field condition.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1993

For efficient irrigation of structured horiculture and upland crops, a new technique of drip irrigation using the turbo-tape for Autumn Chinese cabbage was developed. The turbo-tape worked well, and based on this study The following results were obtained ; 1. The emission uniformity of the turbo-tape was very good with a uniformity coefficient of 92.5%. 2. Starting point of irrigation at 80% of the wilting point was better than at the wilting point itself. 3. The irrigation amounts for the Autumn Chinese cabbage cultured ranged 315 to 470mm depending upon the irrigation methods, turbo-tape irrigation method could conserve irrigation water about 37% compared to the furrow irrigation method. 4. Average yields were 2, 430g when the starting point of irrigation was at the wilting point, while 2, 680g when it was at 80% of the wilting point.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2005년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.7-13
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• 2005

There are two ways to mitigate the drought. One is the structural measures such as storage of irrigation water, development of emergency wells, etc. The other one is the nonstructural measures such as water saving management by the early warning system. To precast and evaluate the drought, we need to develop the drought indices for agriculture. In the present drought preparedness plans of Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), it is prescribed that the preparedness levels should be classified by considering the precipitation, reservoir storage, soil moisture in paddy and upland, and the growing status of crops. However there are not clear quantitative criteria for consistent judgment. This shows that we have not selected and utilized the proper drought index for agriculture and we did not have the information system to calculate the drought indices periodically and warn the outbreak of the drought. The objectives of the study are to develope of Agricultural Drought Evaluation System and to evaluate this indices for current agricultural status using the system.