• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.39-51
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• 1998

This paper describes the analysis of flow field around an automobile. The governing equations of the 3-D unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved by the iterative time marching scheme. The Chimera grid technique has been applied to efficiently simulate the flow around the side-view mirror. To validate the capability of simulating the flow around a ground vehicle, the flows around the Ahmed body with 12.5$^{\circ}$ and 30$^{\circ}$ of slant angles are simulated and good agreements with experiment and other numerical results are achieved. To validate Chimera grid technique, the flow field around a cylinder was also calculated. The computed results are also well agreed with other numerical results and experiment. After code validations, the flow phenomena around the ground vehicle are evidently shown. The flow around the side-view mirror is also well simulated using the Chimera grid technique.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.111-118
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• 2001

Many previous researches on the premixed flame in a tube have treated the unsteady flame behaviors but more detailed and fundamental research has been necessary. The study on the flame stabilization condition in a tube and the unsteady behaviors were carried out in recent years. In this paper, a mean velocity variation larger than the burning velocity was introduced to the stabilized flame for a period longer than the reaction time scale in order to examine the unsteady behavior of flame propagation. Through our previous work it was found that the effects of non-unity Lewis number on the flame extinction was negligible in the extinction by the boundary layer even though they were important in the extinction by the acoustic instability. In this paper we carried out an analytic approach to explain the previous experimental results. It showed that the heat loss, from a flame to the wall, is not a sufficient condition but a required one for the growth of the extinction boundary layer. In addition, the quenching and the flame stretch, under a strong unsteady flow field, are the main causes of the eventual extinction.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.754-759
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• 2001

This paper presents unsteady computational investigations and wind tunnel tests on the flow field around a square cylinder with a gap between the body and the ground plane. Two-dimensional unsteady, incompressible Navier-Stokes codes are developed for the computation of the viscous turbulent flows. By computing the flow around a square cylinder without ground effect, three two-equation turbulence models are evaluated and the developed code is validated. The results show a good agreement with experimental values and other computational results. Critical gap height at which the formation of Karman vortex streets is interrupted, is demonstrated and another transition regime is pointed out

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.51-61
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• 1995

A numerical method was developed to solve the Navies-Stokes equations for unsteady laminar flow around a hydrofoil. The present method used the finite-difference scheme in the collocated grid system and the pressure-Poisson method was employed to obtain divergence-free velocity field each time step. The numerical method was applied at first to laminar flow around a circular cylinder to confirm capability of the code. In the next, calculations were carried out for a hydrofoil in an unbounded fluid at the Reynolds number of $10^4$ in order to investigate unsteady phenomena with vortex shedding. The calculate results showed reasonable features about laminar vortex shedding around a streamlined body.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1248-1255
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• 2006

The velocity and pressure fields of a ship's propulsion mechanism of the Weis-Fogh type, in which a airfoil moves reciprocally in a channel, are studied in this paper using the advanced vortex method. The airfoil and the channel are approximated by a finite number of source and vortex panels, and the free vortices are introduced from the body surfaces. The viscous diffusion of fluid is represented using the core-spreading model to the discrete vortices. The velocity is calculated on the basis of the generalized Biot-Savart law and the pressure field is calculated from integrating the equation given by the instantaneous velocity and vorticity fields. Two-dimensional unsteady viscose flows of this propulsion mechanism are numerically clarified, and the calculated results agree well with the experimental ones.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.91-98
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• 2000

The three-dimensional unsteady compressible Full Navier-Stokes equation solver with sliding multi-block method has been applied to analyze three dimensional characteristics of the flow field and compression wave around the high speed train which Is entering into a tunnel. The numerical scheme of AF + ADI was used to efficiently solve Navier-Stokes equations in the curvilinear coordinate system. The vortex formation around the nose region was found and the generation of compression wave due to the blockage effects was observed ahead of the train in the form of plane wave. The three dimensional characteristics of the flow field compared to the analytic results were discussed in detail. The variation of pressure of tunnel wall surface and velocity profile of the train are identified as the train enters into a tunnel. The changes in aerodynamic forces and streamlines of each specific sections are also discussed and presented.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.318-323
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• 2005

To evaluate the accurate performance of turbomachinery, it is important to measure the unsteady flow phenomena downstream of the rotor blade. This paper presents the development of the fast-response total pressure probe for the measurement of the total pressure field at the exit of rotor and the result of measurement in a 1-stage axial turbine. The fast-response total pressure probe was fabricated by installing a fast-response pressure sensor near the head of a Kiel probe. And it measured the phase-lock averaged total pressure downstream of an 1-stage axial turbine. The developed probe successfully measured the accurate total pressure distribution at rotor exit and made possible to evaluate the loss distribution and the accurate performance of turbomachinery.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.37-45
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• 2002

A two-dimensional unsteady, inviscid flow solver has been developed for the simulation of airfoil-vortex interactions on unstructured dynamically adapted meshes. The Euler solver is based on a second-order accurate implicit time integration using a point Gauss-Seidel relaxation scheme and a dual time-step subiteration. A vertex-centered, finite-volume discretization is used in conjunction with the Roe's flux-difference splitting. An unsteady solution-adaptive dynamic mesh scheme is used by adding and deleting mesh points to take account of both spatial and temporal variations of the flow field. The effect of vortex interaction on the aeroelastic displacement of an airfoil attached to the idealized two degree-of-freedom spring system is investigated.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.609-616
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• 2005

A high ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3-N$) concentration has been recursively observed every winter season in Geum River, which hindered chemical treatment processes at a water treatment plant. A flushing discharge from Daecheong Dam was often considered to dilute $NH_3-N$, but information on the quantitative effect of flushing on the downstream water quality was limited. In this study, the impact of a short-term reservoir flushing on the downstream water quality was investigated through field experiments and unsteady water quality modeling. On November 22, 2003, the reservoir discharge was increased from $30m^3/sec$ to $200m^3/sec$ within 6 hours for the purpose of the experiment. The results showed that flushing flow tends to reduce downstream $NH_3-N$ concentrations considerably, but the effectiveness was limited by flushing amount and time. An unsteady river water quality model was applied to simulate the changes of nitrogen concentrations in response to reservoir flushing. The model showed very good performance in predicting the travel time of flushing flow and the effect of flushing discharge on the reduction of downstream $NH_3-N$ concentrations at Maepo and Geumnam site, but a significant discrepancy was observed at Gongju site.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1169-1181
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• 2005

Experimental and numerical studies on the unsteady wake field behind a square cylinder near a wall were conducted to find out how the vortex shedding mechanism is correlated with gap flow. The computations were performed by solving unsteady 2-D Incompressible Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations with a newly developed ${\epsilon}-SST$ turbulence model for more accurate prediction of large separated flows. Through spectral analysis and the smoke wire flow visualization, it was discovered that velocity profiles in a gap region have strong influences on the formation of vortex shedding behind a square cylinder near a wall. From these results, Strouhal number distributions could be found, where the transition region of the Strouhal number was at $G/D=0.5{\sim}0.7$ above the critical gap height. The primary and minor shedding frequencies measured in this region were affected by the interaction between the upper and the lower separated shear layer, and minor shedding frequency was due to the separation bubble on the wall. It was also observed that the position (y/G) and the magnitude of maximum average velocity $(u/u_{\infty})$ in the gap region affect the regular vortex shedding as the gap height increases.