• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.101-111
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• 2001

Recursive formulas have been effective in solving the equations of motion for large scale constratined mechanical sys-tems. However, derivation of the formulas has been limited to individual terms in the equations of motion, such as veloci-ty, acceleration. and generalized forces. The recursive formulas are generalized in this paper. The velocity transformation method is employed to transform the equations of motion from Cartesian to the joint spaces. Computational structure of the equations of motion in the joint space is carefully examined to classify all necessary computational operations into sev-eral categories. The generalized recursive formula for each category is then developed and applied whenever such a cate-gory of computation is encountered. Since the velocity transformation method yields the equations of motion in a compact form and computational efficiency is achieved by generalized recursive formulas, the proposed method is not only easy to implement but is also efficient. A library of generalized recursive formulas is developed to implement a dynamic analysis algorithm using backward difference.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.17
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• pp.105-159
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is (a) to identify physical and content elements of children's books that seem to interest second and fifth graders to read, and (b) to observe how the influence of those elements on children's reading interest shifts as children develop. For the purpose of this study, children's books are classified into two groups: 'books of low preference' and 'books of high preference' as determined by second graders, and fifth graders' library circulation record in the library chosen as the sample for the present study. The physical and content elements of the books belonging to these two groups are analyzed and compared. Main findings and conclusions made in this study are summarised as follows: (1) The physical elements of children's books which have significant relationship with second graders' reading preference are illustration quantity, size of types, space between lines, and size of the book. (2) The content elements of children's books which have significant relationship with second graders' reading preference are the readability level of sentences, and the sex of heroes. (3) The physical elements of children's books which have significant relationship with fifth graders' reading preference are illustration quantity, illustration styles, and size of the book. (4) The content elements of children's books which have significant relationship with fifth graders' reading preference are the readability level, the sex of heroes, subject matters, themes and the environmental settings as the background of stories. (5) Reading preference of the pupils at the second and fifth grades are influenced by the quantity of illustration. Second grade pupils prefer reading books which contain a larger quantity of illustrations, whereas 5th grade pupils prefer books which contain less quantity of illustrations. (6) The relationship between second graders' reading preference and the illustration style are rejected at the $10\%$ significance level. A strong relationship, however, appears to exist between 5th graders' reading preference and the illustration style. The 5th grade pupils prefer more realistic illustrations, while cartoons and semi-abstract drawings do not appeal to them. (7) The type size, and space between lines which have had great influence on the book preference of 2nd grade pupils influence little on the 5th grade pupils book preference. (8) Second grade pupils prefer the book of a small Size, whereas 5th grade pupils whose reading taste has developed at a primary stage prefer the book of a large size beyond a certain standard. (9) Second grade pupils prefer reading books which can be easily read, whreeas 5th grade pupils prefer reading books containing difficult sentences. (10) Second grade pupils and the 5th grade pupils both prefer books in accordance with the sex of there heroes. (11) Relationship between second graders' reading preference and the subject matters are rejected at the 10% significance level. A strong relationship, however, appears to exist between 5th graders' reading preference and the subject matter. Fifth grade pupils prefer reading books of which the themes are mystery, exploration and adventure. (12) The theme of books is not proved to relate with the book preference of the 2nd grade pupils, but it is closely related with the book preference of 5th grade pupils. Fifth grade pupils prefer reading books which contain exploratory stories. (13) Second grade pupils are not influenced by the environmental setting of the story, but 5th grade pupils prefer reading stories with the environmental setting in the air. (14) The quantity of illustrations is the element influencing most on .the book preference of the 2nd grade pupils, followed by the space between the lines, which influences least on the book preference of the 5th grade pupils. (15) The physical element influencing most on the book preference of the 2nd grade pupils is the quantity of the illustrations. The physical element which has the most strong influence on the book preference of the 5th graders is illustration styles. (16) The content elements which has much influence on the book preference of the 5th grade pupils are certain kinds of characteristics of heroes. In case of the 2nd grade pupils book preference, striking evidence of such characteristics of heroes is not traced.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.745-755
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• 2017

University campuses try to satisfy students' demands. Therefore, the physical environment of university campuses keeps changing. Due to the increasing the number of students and shortage of school building facilities, it is necessary to improve the facilities and create new space in the campus, in order to solve this problem and improve the universities. At the moment, the learning method of university students is evolving toward discussion sessions involving fellow students and presentations utilizing multimedia facilities. In response to these changes, a new type of independent space has appeared, which is called the Group Study Room. In this study, we analyze the spatial characteristics of the Group Study Room. Also, through an IPA(Importance Performance Analysis), this study tries to examine the relationship between the spatial characteristics and users' satisfaction. This analysis is expected to reveal the importance of the spatial characteristics of the group study rooms from the users' point of view. This research can be used for facility planning in universities in the future. The primary aim of this study is to analyze the physical environment of the Group Study Rooms of K university. The secondary aim of this study is to manifest the characteristics of these new learning spaces and to check the space elements of the group study rooms for the sake of efficient planning and management.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2008

The Purpose of this study was to discover the factors which motivate academic library users to use chat reference service and which demotivate academic library users to use chat reference service. To achieve the study purposes, this study conducted interview with the selected participants (Information Studies graduate students at Florida State University(FSU)) through email in April and May 2007. This study found that 1) convenience, 2) anonymity, and 3) inexpensiveness of the service served as incentives(motivators) for chat reference service consumers to use the service. On the other hand, chat reference service consumers mentioned the following factors as obstacles (demotivators) for using the service: 1) waiting time, 2) accessibility, 3) interface design, and 4) difficulties with expressing themselves in a virtual space.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 2021

We are able to watch international multimedia anytime and anywhere, if we have the devices to connect Internet. Netflix and Youtube are the most massive and the most visited streaming platforms in the world. So If audiences are not familiar with the exotic culture such as behaviors, contexts, sarcasm, history and the current issues, It would happen a consequence that they entirely have to rely on subtitles in order to get inform. This research hereby aims to compare Korean transcriptions of the same movies streamed by the two selected platforms(Netflix and Youtube). As a result, good translation is that translators should use appropriate omissions and detailed explanations in limited time and space so that audience can concentrate on the vedio. If translators study the work in depth and spend enough time working on it, the quality of translation will definitely increase. Finally, this study contributed to the revitalization of the video translation market, which is still in the past, through the misinterpretation of videos produced at a low unit price and with minimal time without guidelines for video translation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.101-112
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• 2021

In Korea, efforts have been made continuously to improve the environment of traditional markets concerning the issues of urban regeneration. In particular, many old cities and traditional markets face a lack of parking spaces. As a solution to this, attempts are being made to prepare underground parking spaces by designing urban planning facilities in three-dimensional ways and utilizing the upper part as a more meaningful space. This study is about the master plan to use the upper green area while creating an underground parking lot at 571 Sinmae-dong, Suseong-gu, Daegu. This green area was defined as a space with dual values, 'defensive green space' that needs to be ecologically protected, and 'active cultural space' where walking flows to the market and various events are concentrated. Three specific design strategies to balance these values were presented. First, to prevent indiscriminate occupation and damage by people and maintain a healthy green environment, securing the maximum amount of undivided green space in the site was suggested. Second, a space layout and a topography and planting patterns that can overcome the morphological characteristics of narrow and long-shaped sites enable the experience of abundant green spaces. Third, providing space to strengthen the connections with nearby urban facilities such as Sinmae Market and Gosan Library can also intensively accommodate cultural activities in various cities. This study has academic significance in providing implications for urban regeneration projects with similar contexts in the future.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.549-561
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• 2022

In the Khmer writing system, the Khmer script is the official letter of Cambodia, written from left to right without a space separator; it is complicated and requires more analysis studies. Without clear standard guidelines, a space separator in the Khmer language is used inconsistently and informally to separate words in sentences. Therefore, a segmented method should be discussed with the combination of the future Khmer natural language processing (NLP) to define the appropriate rule for Khmer sentences. The critical process in NLP with the capability of extensive data language analysis necessitates applying in this scenario. One of the essential components in Khmer language processing is how to split the word into a series of sentences and count the words used in the sentences. Currently, Microsoft Word cannot count Khmer words correctly. So, this study presents a systematic library to segment Khmer phrases using the bi-directional maximal matching (BiMM) method to address these problematic constraints. In the BiMM algorithm, the paper focuses on the Bidirectional implementation of forward maximal matching (FMM) and backward maximal matching (BMM) to improve word segmentation accuracy. A digital or prefix tree of data structure algorithm, also known as a trie, enhances the segmentation accuracy procedure by finding the children of each word parent node. The accuracy of BiMM is higher than using FMM or BMM independently; moreover, the proposed approach improves dictionary structures and reduces the number of errors. The result of this study can reduce the error by 8.57% compared to FMM and BFF algorithms with 94,807 Khmer words.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.521-531
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• 2020

The behavior variation of concrete dam is investigated, based on a new method for analyzing the data model of concrete dam in service process for the limitation of wavelet transform for solving concrete dam service process model. The study takes into account the time and position of behavior change during the process of concrete dam service. There is no dependence on the effect quantity for overcoming the shortcomings of the traditional identification method. The panel data model is firstly proposed for analyzing the behavior change of composite concrete dam. The change-point theory is used to identify whether the behavior of concrete dams changes during service. The phase space reconstruction technique is used to reconstruct the phase plane of the trend effect component. The time dimension method is used to solve the construction of multi-transformation model of composite panel data. An existing 76.3-m-high dam is used to investigate some key issues on the behavior change. Emphasis is placed on conversion time and location for three time periods consistent with the practical analysis report for evaluating the validity of the analysis method of the behavior variation of concrete dams presented in this paper.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.419-441
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• 2008

As the Web and digital libraries have become a commodity, they are used for a variety of purposes and tasks that may require a great deal of cognitive efforts. However, most search engines in the Web and digital libraries support users with only searching and browsing capabilities, leaving all the cognitive burdens of manipulating information objects to the users. We propose a two-level model for human-Web interactions, consisting of knowledge and information spaces, and a tool that provides knowledge space and inter-space operations in addition to searching and browsing at the information level. Knowledge space is an explication of user's conceptual view of the information objects being explored through interactions with the Web or a digital library. Topics are created and related with associations at the knowledge level and connected to information objects in information space. The tool implemented using the Topic Maps framework has been tested for efficacy as an aid to reducing cognitive burden under exploratory search task.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.4658-4679
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• 2017

Android is now the most popular smartphone platform and remains rapid growth. There are huge number of sensitive privacy information stored in Android devices. Kinds of methods have been proposed to detect Android malicious applications and protect the privacy information. In this work, we focus on extracting the fine-grained features to maximize the information of Android malware detection, and selecting the least joint features to minimize the number of features. Firstly, permissions and APIs, not only from Android permissions and SDK APIs but also from the developer-defined permissions and third-party library APIs, are extracted as features from the decompiled source codes. Secondly, feature selection methods, including information gain (IG), regularization and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms, are used to analyze and utilize the correlation between the features to eliminate the redundant data, reduce the feature dimension and mine the useful joint features. Furthermore, regularization and PSO are integrated to create a new joint feature mining method. Experiment results show that the joint feature mining method can utilize the advantages of regularization and PSO, and ensure good performance and efficiency for Android malware detection.