• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.55 no.3
• /
• pp.205-208
• /
• 2015

Ten dogs were enrolled in this study: two healthy dogs, two obese dogs without other medical issues and six obese dogs with underlying diseases including pemphigus, chronic active hepatitis, hyperadrenocorticism, narcolepsy, otitis media and heartworm infection. Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to explore the gut bacterial diversity revealed that distal gut bacterial communities of samples from patients with pemphigus, otitis media and narcolepsy consisted primarily of Firmicutes, while the major phylum of the distal gut bacterial communities in patients with chronic active hepatitis and hyperadrenocorticism was Fusobacteria. Proteobacteria were the dominant phylum in heartworm infected obese patients.

• Hip & pelvis
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.150-160
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine risk factors that affect mortality following osteoporotic hip fracture in patients 50 years or older using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) sample cohort 2.0 database. Materials and Methods: Data from 2,533 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria for the NHIS sample cohort 2.0 database were used in this study. Data from patients who suffered osteoporotic hip fractures between 2002-2015 were used. An analysis of correlations between the incidence of osteoporotic hip fractures and various factors (sex, age, underlying diseases, etc.) was performed. Analysis of the associations between the mortality of osteoporotic hip fracture and the various factors with hazard ratio (HR) was performed using Cox regression models. Results: Patient observation continued for an average of 38.12±32.09 months. During the observation period, a higher incidence of hip fracture was observed in women; however, higher mortality following the fracture was observed in men (HR=0.728; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.635-0.836). The incidence and mortality of fractures increased when there were increasing age, more than three underlying diseases (HR=1.945; 95% CI, 1.284-2.945), cerebrovascular diseases (HR=1.429; 95% CI, 1.232-1.657), and renal diseases (HR=1.248; 95% CI, 1.040-1.497). Also, higher mortality was observed in patients who were underweight (HR=1.342; 95% CI, 1.079-1.669), current smokers (HR=1.338; 95% CI, 1.104-1.621), and inactivity (HR=1.379; 95% CI, 1.189-1.601). Conclusion: Male gender, the presence of cerebrovascular or kidney disease, a more than three underlying diseases, underweight, a current smoker, and inactivity were risk factors that increased mortality.

• Korean journal of dermatology
• /
• v.56 no.9
• /
• pp.531-538
• /
• 2018

Background: Herpes zoster is a common dermatologic disorder. However, it rarely occurs in children and adolescents in Gwangju-Jeonnam province. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological features and clinical characteristics of herpes zoster in children and adolescents. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted on patients who visited the department of dermatology of Chosun University Hospital in Gwangju-Jeonnam province within the past 8 years. The medical records of 103 patients aged <18 years were reviewed. We analyzed for age, gender, accompanying symptoms, dermatomal distribution, underlying disease, treatment, and complications with serologic test. Results: The male-to-female ratio of the participants was 1.08:1, and their mean age was 13.0 years. Underlying diseases were observed in 3% (3/102) of the patients. The most common dermatomal distribution was thoracic dermatome (34%), followed by trigeminal (26%), cervical (20%), lumbar (15%), and non-skin (6%). The most common accompanying symptoms were headache (10%), fever (3%), and myalgia (3%). No difference was observed between patients who were varicella-zoster virus (VZV) IgM-positive and those who were VZV IgM-negative in terms of dermatome, visual analogue scale (VAS), severity, and body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: In children and adolescents with herpes zoster, the gender ratio and dermatomal distribution were similar to those previously reported, except for the low rate of underlying diseases. The incidence of herpes zoster in children was not significantly associated with immunosuppression and underlying diseases. Higher VZV IgM titer was not associated with dermatomal distribution, higher VAS score, or BMI. This study first compared the serological test results of children.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.4-14
• /
• 2004

Background : To examine the problems involved in writing practice of death certificates, we compared the determination of underlying cause of death for vital statistics using recorded underlying cause of death in issued death statistics. Methods : We collected 688 mortality certificates issue in year of 2,000 from 3 university hospitals. And we also collected vital statistics from ministry of statistics. The causes of death were coded by experienced medical record specialists. And causes of death determined at ministry of statistics for national vital statistics were mapped to causes of death recorded at each death certificates. The rate that underlying causes of death for vital statistics were derived from underlying causes of death recorded at issued death certificates were analysed. Results : 64.5% of underlying cause of death for could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at issued death certificates, 8.6% derived from intermediate cause of death, and 3.9% derived from direct cause of death. In 23% of cases, underlying cause of death could not be derived using issued death certificates. The rate that underlying cause of death for vital statistics could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at death certificates was different between 3 university hospitals. And the rate was also different between death certificates and postmortem certificates. We classified the causes of death using 21 major categories. The rate was different between diseases or conditions that caused death too. Conclusion : When we examined the correctness of death certificate writing practice using above methods, correctness of writing could not be told as satisfactory. There was difference in correctness of writing between hospitals, between death certificates and postmortem certificates, and between diseases and conditions that caused death. With this results, we suggested some strategy to improve the correctness of death certificate writing practice.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.108-115
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual status of antithrombotic management before and after the procedure or surgery, the difference between the duration of medication suspension by clinical and demographic characteristics, and the patient's understanding and satisfaction after medication management by a dedicated nurse. The results were as follows. The most commonly used antithrombotic agents were aspirin and flavitol. The drug discontinuation period according to antithrombotic, procedures, and underlying diseases, there was a significant difference in duration for each variables(p<.000). In the case of antiplatelet drugs, 5-day suspension was the most frequent, and anticoagulants 2-day suspension was the most frequent. Depending on the procedure,colonoscope,nucleoplasty,rotator cuff repair,and total knee arthroplasty commonly showed more than 80% of 5-day discontinuation. The differences according to underlying diseases are as follows. 64.7% of all diseases discontinued on the 5th. The patient's understanding of the nurse's medication management performed before and after the procedure was found to be lower in Angina patients than those with other diseases. In terms of age, those in their 50s showed higher understanding than other age groups. There were no differences in understanding and satisfaction with the remaining characteristics.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.21.1-21.22
• /
• 2021

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have strong immunosuppressive activity and are morphologically similar to conventional monocytes and granulocytes. The development and classification of these cells have, however, been controversial. The activation network of MDSCs is relatively complex, and their mechanism of action is poorly understood, creating an avenue for further research. In recent years, MDSCs have been found to play an important role in immune regulation and in effectively inhibiting the activity of effector lymphocytes. Under certain conditions, particularly in the case of tissue damage or inflammation, MDSCs play a leading role in the immune response of the central nervous system. In cancer, however, this can lead to tumor immune evasion and the development of related diseases. Under cancerous conditions, tumors often alter bone marrow formation, thus affecting progenitor cell differentiation, and ultimately, MDSC accumulation. MDSCs are important contributors to tumor progression and play a key role in promoting tumor growth and metastasis, and even reduce the efficacy of immunotherapy. Currently, a number of studies have demonstrated that MDSCs play a key regulatory role in many clinical diseases. In light of these studies, this review discusses the origin of MDSCs, the mechanisms underlying their activation, their role in a variety of clinical diseases, and their function in immune response regulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 2007.04a
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2007

Increasing evidence indicates that microglia-driven chronic inflammatory responses playa pathological role in the central nervous system. Activation of microglia is pivotal in the initiation and progression of neuroinflammation. Inhibition of the microglial activation may provide an effective therapeutic intervention that alleviates the progression of the neurodegenerative diseases. Anti-inflammatory agents may be a useful candidate for such a therapeutic approach. Continual investigation of the mechanisms underlying microglial activation and regulation of neuroinflammation by endogenous or exogenous factors would not only lead to the discovery of novel neuroprotective agents, but also help to understand complex pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.78-90
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of these cases is to report the effects of Korean medicine on two women with recurrent miscarriage.Methods: One women who had recurrent miscarriage with myoma uteri was 39 years old. She was treated with herbal medicine and acupuncture until intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) 14 wks. the other who had recurrent miscarriage with adenomyosis was 40 years old. she was also treated with these until IUP 11 wks.Results: After treatment, one women delivered successfully by normal full term spontaneous delivery. The other succeeded in normal pregnancy and she is 15 weeks pregnant.Conclusions: Two cases show that Korean Medicine has effects on recurrent miscarriage with old age and underlying diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.87-90
• /
• 2016

Cough, the most common symptom, encountered in the outpatient clinic can be caused by various underlying diseases. It defines as chronic cough that the duration of cough is more than 8 weeks with a normal chest X-ray findings. The cause of cough can be found out for more than 90% through the appropriate diagnostic approach and Upper airway cough syndrome, Asthma and Gastroesophageal reflex disease are the most common causes of disease to non-smokers. Chronic cough can be due to not one reason but various reasons and achieve good results by a systematic approach to diagnosis and a concrete treatment on the basis of the sufficient understanding of the underlying disease.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.293-299
• /
• 2014

Purpose: Systemic disease can manifest oral signs at an early phase, which may be crucial for the diagnosis and timing of treatment. This report describes two patients who presented with gingival enlargement as an early sign of acute leukemia. Methods: Two patients presented with oral symptoms including severe gingival enlargement. The progress of their symptoms was associated with underlying systemic disease. Results: The patients were transferred to the Department of Hematology and diagnosed with acute myelomonocytic leukemia. They received appropriate treatment and survived. Conclusions: Gingival enlargement can be caused by underlying systemic diseases. Accurate diagnosis and timely referral are important for preventing a fatal situation. It must be emphasized that some oral signs and symptoms may be closely correlated with systemic diseases.