• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.359-364
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• 2007

Effects of Takju(Korean turbid rice wine) lees on noodle investigated by substituting Takju lees water extract powder for each 2% and 4% wheat flour in sample II and III, respectively. The lightness(L) of uncooked noodles was decreased, whereas that of cooked noodles was increased with increasing amount of extract added. Redness(a) and difference of total color(${\Delta}$E) were significantly increased according to the amount of extract added in uncooked and cooked noodles. Yellowness(b) of the noodles containing 2% Takju lees water extract powder was exhibited lowest values in uncooked and cooked noodles. In cooking property of noodles, turbidity of soup decreased in proportion to amount of extract added, 2% and 4% in sample II and III, respectively whereas the weight and volume of noodles were not significant than those of control. Tension of cooked noodle was highest in sample II and lowest in sample III. Texture profile analysis of cooked noodle showed an significant increase of hardness in addition of Takju lees water extract powder but not significant different in springiness, chewiness, adhesiveness. Cohesiveness was significantly lowest in sample II. The sensory evaluation showed that significant difference between noodles with 2% addition groups and control was not recognized but was recognized 4%. Therefore, based on cooking properties and sensory evaluation, Takiu lees water extract powder up to 4% could be substituted for wheat flour.

• 한국식품영양과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품영양과학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Food,Nutrition and Health for 21st Century
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• pp.170-177
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to improve the qualities of Saengsik (substitute meal formulated with uncooked cereal powder) such as functionality, safety and sensory preference by using Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). The optimum formulation of fermented Saengsik (substitute meal) was verified as $40\%$ of fermented brown rice, $13\%$ of fermented job tears, $5\%$ of yellow soybean, $5\%$ of waxy rice, $5\%$ of sorghum, $3\%$ of Seumok bean, $1\%$ of sesame, $3\%$ of barley, $2\%$ of red bean, $5\%$ of prosomillet, $2\%$ of foxtail millet, $9%$ of black rice, $3\%$ of buckwheat, $1\%$ of chestnut, $2\%$ of pumpkin, $3\%$ of peanut. Fermented Saengsik decreased significantly serum glucose in STZ-induced diabetic rats. However, serum lipid levels were not affected by fermented Saengsik. In rats fed with high-fat diet, serum triglyceride level was slightly decreased and the contents of liver triglyceride were significantly decreased by supplementation of fermented Saengsik.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.202-206
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• 2012

쌀을 이용한 식초제조에서 증자 공정과 무증자 공정으로 제조된 쌀과 해당화를 혼합한 조성물을 사용하여 식초를 제조하였다. 1단계로 ethanol 발효를 $25^{\circ}C$에서 12일 동안 진행하고, ethanol 함량을 6%로 조정한 후 $Acetobacter$ $aceti$균을 접종하여 $30^{\circ}C$에서 9일 동안 초산 발효하였다. 식초 발효전에 초산을 첨가하는 공정은 발효의 성공여부를 결정하는 요인으로 나타났으며, 첨가되는 초산의 농도에 의존적으로 최종 식초 제품의 유기산 함량이 증가하였다. 무증자법으로 식초를 제조시 유리 아미노산과 GABA 함량이 높게 나타났으며, 주요 아미노산으로는 glutamic acid, arginine 등으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 해당화-쌀 식초 제조시 쌀의 열처리 공정여부가 식초의 품질에 큰 영향을 준다는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2017

Physicochemical properties of pork patties formulated with black rice powder were investigated. Moisture contents of samples containing black rice powder were significantly higher than that of the control (p<0.05). Protein, fat, and ash contents increased with increasing black rice powder content. Uncooked and cooked pH values of samples increased with increasing black rice powder content. Lightness and yellowness of samples decreased with increasing concentration of black rice powder. Redness of cooked samples containing black rice powder was significantly lower than that of the control (p<0.05). Water holding capacity and cooking yield of samples increased with increasing black rice powder concentration. Diameter and thickness reduction ratio of samples decreased with increasing black rice powder content. Sensory evaluation of samples showed no significant difference between samples. Thus, black rice powder improved the quality of pork patties.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2004

A total of 40 Korean and Japanese rice varieties were evaluated for their main chemical components, physical properties, cooking quality, pasting properties, and instrumental measurements. Based on their quality evaluations, it was concluded that Korean and Japanese rice varieties were not significantly different in the basic components of NIR (Near Infra Red) data and the chemical analysis from the uncooked brown and milled rices. Korean rice had a little bit higher protein and amylose contents but much lower fat acidity than those of Japanese rice from the chemical analysis. From all the data of three different kinds of NIR methods, Korean and Japanese milled rice were very similar except the taste score. Japanese rice showed a slightly higher taste score, a little bit higher lightness and whiteness, but lower yellowness and redness than Korean one. From all those data of NIR and the chemical analysis, Korean and Japanese rices had very similar components except the fat content.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the effects of weight control and changes in serum components using a commercial uncooked food diet on 36 obese women over a period of 8 weeks. The subjects had uncooked food (40 g) with milk or soymilk twice a day instead of meals. The mean body weight and height measurements of the subjects at the outset were 69.1 $\pm$ 9.3 kg and 159.5 $\pm$ 4.4 cm, respectively. Initial daily calorie intake was 103.6 % of RDA, but was significantly lower at 4 and 8 weeks. The subjects showed a significant reduction in weight, body fat mass (p<0.05), anthropo-metric value and skinfold thickness during the experimental period. Hip and upper thigh girth were 102.7 $\pm$ 6.4 cm and 61.7 $\pm$ 4.3 cm at the outset, and fell to 99.3 $\pm$ 5.0 cm and 58.8 $\pm$ 4.1 cm after 8 weeks. The most significant reduction was in abdomen skinfold thickness (p < 0.05) , which went from 32.4 $\pm$ 8.7 mm at first to 24.2 $\pm$ 8.3 mm in after 8 weeks. Serum albumin levels were higher at 4 and 8 weeks than initially but the figures for all of the subjects were within the normal range. Hemoglobin and blood glucose levels were also within the normal range during the experimental period. Initial serum triglyceride level was 110.5 $\pm$ 49.5 mg/dl but fell to 93.2 $\pm$ 48.5 mg/dl after 8 weeks. Our results show that uncooked foods are effective in the diet therapy of obese women.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.442-448
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• 2005

생식 제조공정 중 주요공정인 건조방법에서 효율적인 방법을 찾기 위하여 건조방법에 따른 생식 원료 곡류의 이화학적 특성 및 기능성 성분의 변화를 조사하였다. 쌀, 현미, 찹쌀, 보리의 단백질, 지방, 탄수화물, 회분, 식이섬유 등 성분의 함량은 열풍건조(50$\circC$, 55$\circC$, 60$\circC$) 및 동결건조를 통하여서는 거의 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 색도 중의 b값이 열풍건조를 실시한 시료가 동결건조를 실시한 시료에 비하여 높게 나타났다. niacin의 함량은 60$\circC$에서 열풍건조를 실시한 백미, 현미, 찹쌀, 보리가 각각 0.77 mg %, 1.84 mg%, 0.68 mg%, 1.00 mg%로 다른 시험구 보다 낮게 나타났다. 보리 중의 $\beta$-glucan의 함량은 열풍건조 및 동결건조 통하여 거의 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다. $\beta$-glucan과 같은 기능성 물질을 함유한 보리 등의 생식 원료는 열풍건조방법을 이용하는 것이 경제적일 것으로 생각되며 niacin과 같이 열에 약한 비타민을 많이 함유한 생식 원료는 동결건조 방법을 사용하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 생각된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.277-298
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• 1991

Review of Korean and Chinese traditional nuruk was performed on the longitudinal change of ingredients and method of each nuruk. Manufacturing process of common nuruk was that flour, wheat chaff, grinded green pea and smartweed were doughed, footpressed to make 凹 type, covered it with mugwort, lotus leaf and cocklebur leaf and suspended it with string for 60 days to get wild mold. This is named Beungkuk. Manufacturing process of Sankuk was that cooked rice or uncooked rice grain was scattered, mixed often for 30 days. Ryokuk and Hongkuk are called Sankuk.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.847-854
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• 2003

보통 막걸리 제조시 증자미를 사용하고 있는데 이 경우 주질과 술맛, 저장성 등이 만족할 만한 수준은 아니다. 본 연구에서는 증자미 대신 영양가, 맛, 기능성 등이 우수한 발아현미를 이용하여 2단담금으로 제조하여 발효상태를 검토하였다. 그 결과 2단담금에 발아현미를 사용했을 경우에는 증자미에 비해서 알코올은 느리게 생성되었고 환원당도 생성속도가 느리고 함량도 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또 당도는 느리게 일정한 속도로 증가하였다. pH는 무증자 발아현미의 경우가 증자미의 경우보다 높게 나타났으며 산도는 pH변화와 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 효모증식은 무증자 발아현미의 경우가 증자미의 경우보다 다소 낮게 나타났으며 mash의 온도는 발효 3일이후 모두 일정한 온도를 유지하였다. Fusel oil은 무증자 발아현미의 막걸리가 증자미의 막걸리 보다 적게 검출되었으며 아미노산 함량은 풍부한 것으로 나타났다. 관능검사에서 무증자 발아현미로 제조한 막걸리의 맛이 증자미로 제조한 것보다 약 1.3배정도, 신선한 청량감은 약 1.5배 정도 좋은 것으로 나타났으나 향기, 색깔 등은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 전체적인 기호도는 무증자로 제조한 막걸리가 증자미의 경우보다 약 1.3배 더 높은 것으로 나타나 무증자 발아현미로 제조한 막걸리의 품질 제고(提高)가 가능함을 보여 주었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.737-743
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• 2016

The effects of black rice powder on the quality of sausage were investigated. Samples were prepared with 0% (control), 1%, 3%, and 5% black rice powder. With increasing black rice powder content, the moisture and ash content of sausage increased, while protein con-tent was significantly less than that observed for the control (p<0.05). The fat content in samples containing 5% black rice powder was significantly less than that observed for other samples (p<0.05). With increasing black rice powder content, the pH of uncooked and cooked samples increased. In addition, lightness, redness, and yellowness decreased. With increasing content of black rice powder, emulsion stability decreased. On the other hand, with increasing black rice powder content, cooking yield increased. As compared to the other samples, those containing high content of black rice powder exhibited higher viscosity. With increasing black rice powder content, the hardness of samples decreased, while the gumminess and chewiness of samples containing black rice powder were less than those observed for the control (p<0.05). Moreover, with increasing black rice powder content, the flavor, juiciness, and overall acceptability of samples increased. In addition, the tenderness of samples containing 3% and 5% black rice powder was significantly greater than that observed for the control and sample containing 1% black rice powder (p<0.05). In addition to the economic benefits, black rice powder can be used to improve quality characteristics.