• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.382-388
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• 2007

Indoor location system using wireless sensor network technology was applied for the status evaluation and activity monitoring of elderly person or chronic invalid at home. Location awareness application is transparent to the daily activities, while providing the embedded computing infrastructure with an awareness of what is happening in this space. To locate an object, the active ceiling-mounted reference beacons were placed throughout the building. Reference beacons periodically publish location information on RF and ultrasonic signals to allow application running on mobile or static nodes to study and determine their physical location. Once object-carried passive listener receives the information, it subsequently determines it's location from reference beacons. By using only the sensor nodes without any external network infrastructure the cost of the system was reduced while the accuracy in our experiments. was fairly good and fine grained between 7 and 15 cm for location awareness in indoor environments. Passive architecture used here provides the security of the user privacy while at the server the privacy was secured by providing the authentication using Geopriv approach. This information from sensor nodes is further forwarded to base station where further computation is performed to determine the current position of object and several applications are enabled for context awareness.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2005

It has been well hewn that ductile fracture of steels is accelerated by triaxial stresses. The characteristics of ductile crack initiation in steels are evaluated quantitatively using a two-parameters criterion based on equivalent plastic strain and stress triaxiality. The present study focuses on the effects of strength mismatch, which can elevate plastic constraint due to heterogeneous plastic straining, on the critical condition for ductile fracture initiation usinga two-parameter criterion. Fracture initiation testing has been conducted under static loading using notched round bar specimens which had different notch locations. This study provides the fundamental clarification of the effect of strength mismatching and effect of notch location on the critical condition to ductile crack initiation from notch root using fuite element method and ultrasonic-mechatronics system. The critical condition of ductile crack initiation from notch root of strength mismatched tensile specimens under static loading appeared to be almost the same as those of homogeneous tensile specimens with circumferential sharp notch specimen. Also, the effect of notch location in mismatched specimens was estimated using finite element(FE) analyses.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.364-369
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• 2012

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 시대로 진입하면서 사물의 위치 정보가 더욱 중요시 되고 있다. 대표적인 실내 위치 인식 시스템인 크리켓은 노드 간의 거리를 인식하기 위해서 RF 신호와 초음파 신호를 주기적으로 전송한다. 하지만 배치되어 있는 센서 노드 수가 증가할수록 신호간의 간섭 및 충돌 횟수가 증가하여 위치 인식 시스템의 정확도를 떨어뜨린다. 본 논문에서는 초음파 위치인식 시스템을 구성하기 위해, 무선 센서 네트워크 표준인 IEEE 802.15.4 MAC 프로토콜을 사용하였다. 신호간의 간섭과 충돌 횟수를 감소시키기 위해, 노드 번호와 이동통신에서 사용하는 주파수 재사용 방식을 변형하여 오차율을 감소시키는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 성능평가 결과 제안한 알고리즘이 기존의 크리켓시스템보다 수율과 에너지 효율 면에서 더 좋은 성능을 보였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2018

In this paper, a detection and warning system is proposed for the remaining kids in a school bus. For detecting the remaining kids, an ultrasonic sensor is used. The basic experiments of the ultrasonic sensor are performed, and a modified ultrasonic sensor is proposed. Also, the appropriate location of the ultrasonic sensor is proposed by considering various sitting positions. Based on the above kid detection system, a warning algorithm is designed. Using the above detection and warning system, experiments are performed. From the experimental results, it is found that the proposed system, based on the modified ultrasonic sensor, can detect the remaining kids in a school bus. The proposed system can also give an appropriate warning signal.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.955-956
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• 2006

In indoor location awareness system, Generally the system uses the difference of ultrasonic waves and RF arrival times. In this paper, We researched the interference minimization method between node in indoor location awareness system.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.160-164
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• 2013

레이저 초음파검사 장치는 레이저 빔을 이용하여 초음파 신호를 발생시키고 측정하는 비접촉식 결함 검사 장치이다. 이 장치는 펄스 레이저 빔을 이용하여 광대역 주파수 범위를 갖는 초음파 신호를 발생시키고 작은 점으로 집속된 레이저 빔을 이용하여 초음파 신호를 측정하므로 우수한 측정 분해능을 제공한다. 본 연구에서는 이종금속 접촉부식(갈바닉 부식) 현상을 레이저를 이용한 비파괴, 비접촉 방법으로 측정하였다. 부식된 부분에 이물질이 혼합되는 경우를 가정하고, 레이저 초음파 실험을 진행하였다. 시편의 뒷면에서 펄스 레이저로 초음파를 발생시키고, 같은 위치의 앞면에서 CW 레이저와 CFPI를 이용하여 초음파 신호를 획득하였다. 이물질이 존재하는 부분의 초음파 신호 특성을 분석하여 이물질의 위치 및 크기를 측정하였다.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.228-235
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• 2007

The main purpose of this paper is to manage the container property effectively at the container yard by applying the RTLS technology to the field of port logistics. Yet, many kinds of noises happen to be inputted with the distance value(between the reader and the tag) which is to be inputted into the location identification algorithm, which makes the distance value jumped due to the system noise of the ultrasonic sensor module and the measurement noise. The Kalman Filter is widely used to prevent this jump occurrence; the noises are eliminated by using the EKF(Extended Kalman Filter) while considering that the distance information of the ultrasonic sensor is non-linear. Also, the 3D RTLS system at the port container yard suggested in this research is designed not to be interrupted for its ultrasonic transmission by positioning the antenna at the front of each sector of the container where the active tags are installed. We positioned the readers, which function as antennas for location identification, to four places randomly in the absolute coordinate and let the positions of the active tags identified by using the distance data delivered from the active tags. For the location identification algorithm used in this paper, the triangulation measurement that is most used in general is applied and newly reorganized to calculate the position of the container. In the first experiment, we dealt with the error resulting in the angle and the distance of the ultrasonic sensor module, which is the most important in the hardware performance; in the second, we evaluated the performance of the location identification algorithm, which is the most important in the software performance, and tested the noise cancellation effects for the EKF. According to the experiment result, the ultrasonic sensor showed an average of 3 to 5cm error up to $45^{\circ}$ in case of $60^{\circ}$ or more, non-reliable linear distances were obtained. In addition, the evaluation of the algorithm performance showed an average of $4^{\circ}{\sim}5^{\circ}$ error due to the error of the linear distance-this error is negligible for most container location identifications. Lastly, the experiment results of noise cancellation and jump preservation by using the EKF showed that noises were removed in the distance information which was entered from the input of the ultrasonic sensor and as a result, only signal was extracted; thus, jumps were able to be removed and the exact distance information between the ultrasonic sensors could be obtained.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2016

Although the previous information technologies had been used for the quick and accurate processing of work, At present, however, as the combination with the Internet, the IOT(Internet-of-Things) era in which the diverse pieces of information are collected and handled through the sensor networks is in progress. Among these application fields of the IoT, the indoors position identification technology has been developing in the direction of providing the position information in the buildings of which the lengths and the interiors are complicated and in the direction of providing the various pieces of information and others of the like to the nearby customers. In this paper, we proposed an indoors position identification system that detects the patrol positions of the prison officers in the correctional facilities and in the prisons by using the ultrasonic waves, that transmits these to the control system and the data gateway, and that transmits the detected data. The Indoors Positioning identification System is organized with the tags for recognizing the positions that transmit the ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic receiver and data gateway. And the indoors position information data were transmitted to the management system through the data gateway. We evaluated the transmission error, by changing the distance of the proposed system for location recognition tag and the receiver, As a result, we found out that, when the transmission distance was 10 cm or less, the errors occurred in the form of the distortions. And when it was 110 cm or more, the transmission errors occurred due to the propagation diminutions of the ultrasonic wave signals. And when the transmission distance was from 10 cm to 100 cm, it was shown that the proposed system was possible without any errors.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.96-100
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 적외선 센서와 초음파 센서를 동시에 사용하여 이동하는 표적의 위치를 실시간으로 추적하는 위치추적 시스템을 설계하였다. 위치 추적 시스템은 2 개의 적외선 센서를 이용하여 표적이 감시영역에 침입하는 것을 확인하고, 4 개의 초음파 센서를 이용해서 각 센서에서 표적까지의 거리를 탐지하여 이동하는 표적의 위치좌표 (x,y)를 구하였다. 특히 초음파 센서가 가지고 있는 안테나의 빔폭 특성 때문에 4 개 센서 중 2개 센서에만 표적이 탐지될 경우에도 표적의 위치를 정확하게 결정하는 방법을 제시하였다. 또한 개발된 알고리즘을 설계된 시스템에 장착하여 시험한 결과 감시시스템이 실험실 내에서 실시간 정확하게 구동하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.384-391
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• 2008

For use in the guide system for the people who are visually impaired, an obstacle searching device using synchronous ultrasonic wave emission was proposed and developed. Generally, the conventional obstacle detection methods use the ultrasonic distance measuring device with successive scan method. However, the scan method causes a theoretical error and it couldn't estimate accurate obstacle distances. The proposed synchronous firing method use the plural number of ultrasonic sensors which emit ultrasonic wave simultaneously and estimate the distance to the closest obstacle relatively accurately. We analytically analyzed the errors of the conventional and proposed methods and compared the quantitative differences of the errors. The differences verified by obstacle search experiments. Using the proposed ultrasonic wave synchronous firing method, 3 dimensional obstacle location estimating device was designed and implemented. The results of the 3 dimensional obstacle detecting experiments showed the proposed method had good performances and it would be sufficiently use in the guide system for the people who are visually impaired.