• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2013

A compact radio frequency (RF) bandpass filter (BPF) in low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) is suggested for WiMAX applications. The center frequency ($f_0$) of the BPF is 5.5 GHz and its pass band or 3-dB bandwidth is 700 MHz to cover all the three major bands, low and middle unlicensed national information infrastructure (U-NII; 5.15-5.35 GHz), World Radiocommunication Conference (5.47-5.725 GHz), and upper U-NII/industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) (5.725-5.85 GHz), for the WiMAX frequency band. A lumped circuit element design-the 5th order capacitively coupled Chebyshev BPF topology-is adopted. In order to design a compact RF BPF, a very thin ($43.18{\mu}m$) ceramic layer is used in LTCC substrate. An interdigital BPF is also designed in silicon substrate to compare the size and performance of the lumped circuit element BPF. Due to the high relative dielectric constant (${\varepsilon}_r$ = 11.9) of the silicon substrate, the quarter-wavelength resonator of the interdigital BPF can be reduced. In comparison to the 5th order interdigital BPF at $f_0$ = 5.5 GHz, the lumped element design is 24% smaller in volume and has 17 and 7 dB better attenuation characteristics at $f_0{\pm}0.75$ GHz.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.1911-1919
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• 2009

Currently, the evaluation technology for the security systems of risk analysis level measurement is maintained by only the developed countries including U.S and U.K, and the evaluation technology and its infrastructure are insufficient for the evaluation technology of security threat analysis level measurement in Korea. Therefore this paper presents the development of the security control items and the evaluation tool(ISSPET) for the security level performance. It is expected to evaluate the security management level of the current system and its security environment through analyzing the security management level of security systems using ISSPET.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.79-99
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• 2022

South Korea is at an important juncture in its history to decide whether to continue its investment to become a first-mover of artificial intelligence (A.I.) platform technology or stay as a fast follower. This paper compares South Korea's A.I. platform capacity to that of the United States, China and the European Union by reviewing publicly opened documents and reports on AI platform strategies and policies using the three elements of the national innovation capacity: common innovation infrastructure, cluster-specific conditions, and quality of linkages. This paper found three major areas the South Korean government can focus on in the A.I. platform industry. First, South Korea needs to increase its investment in the A.I. field and expand its public-private collaboration activities. Second, unlike the U.S. and the U.K., South Korea lacks data protection policies. Third, South Korea needs to build a high-performance system and environment to experiment with artificial intelligence technology and big data.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.74-82
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• 2022

Improving long-term performance in highway projects is an imperative goal for public administrations. Project delivery and procurement methods might provide an opportunity to align design and construction processes with this goal. Previous studies have explored whether project delivery methods impact the long-term performance of highway projects. However, these studies did not focus specifically on how core elements within the procurement might relate to long-term performance. Thus, this research aims to fill this gap by exploring to what extent and how long-term evaluation criteria are considered in design-build best-value procurement of highway projects. To this end, content analysis was conducted on 100 projects procured between 2009 and 2019 by 19 DOTs across the U.S. The analysis of 365 evaluation criteria found that (1) roughly 11% of them related to long-term performance. (2) The weight given to these criteria in the overall technical proposal was lower than 30%. (3) Sixty-five percent (65%) of long-term evaluation criteria focused on design while 15% related to materials and technology, respectively. The results of this study are a first steppingstone to initiate a deep exploration of the relationship between procurement practices and actual project performance. Currently, with sustainability and life cycle assessments being top concerns in infrastructure projects, this line of research might be of particular interest to DOTs and highway agencies across the U.S. and worldwide.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.1022-1025
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• 2009

USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) is a core infrastructure that makes come true the u-life in the ubiquitous society through various services of area such as u-city and u-Health. Therefore, we need to reseach about the domestic standards to establish the core technique of USN. Currently, the status of USN standards is most of technical standard and reseach that are technology for sensor node implementation and a protocol for energy-efficient communication and interlock with existing network. But, Standard and reseach for sensor network, integration management of heterogeneous sensor networks for USN application, sensing data management and USN database structure definition such as application and middleware are weak level. In this paper, we researched for standard development of the domestic sensor network service and relevant standard analysis to configure SWE(Sensor Web Enablement) of OGC(Open Geospatial Consortium) for standarded plattform technoloy in part of the middleware. Also we researched that it's a connection between domestic TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association) standards and SWE Standard. Finally, we researched for standard service plattform architecture on sensor network through analysis on the possibility of applying OGC-based services platform.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.3-28
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to describe the problems. which academic libraries in the V.S., U.K., Australia, and Canada have faced since the 1990s. These problems are mostly caused by environmental changes in higher education. In this study, only discussed are the problems that academic libraries in various countries have commonly experienced. but not unique ones libraries in each country has due to its own national, societal, cultural, academic or informational situations. Major problems include continuing decrease in library expenditures, changing role of libraries themselves. changing nature of library collections, development of information technology and technological Infrastructure on campus, steep increase in prices of scholarly journals, and relative decrease in purchasing powers of libraries. These Problems are all closely inter-related, and seem to require more comprehensive and systematic strategic solutions carried out by the national or government intervention, rather than individual libraries.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2013

Recently, there are various attempts to construct a u-City and a smart city. A Spatial information as the city-based infrastructure has been recognized as an essential element. In many cases GIS data being lack of compatibility due to the various format, it is difficult to provide public web services and link the data between government organizations. In this study, we developed a interconnection Server based on OGC standardization to support interoperability in a heterogeneous distributed environment. we hope the interconnection server that will be utilized as u-City platform and response platform for volcanic disaster through the test in the test-bed.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.38-57
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• 2019

Objective: This study reviewed recent clinical research trends regarding the effects of herbal medicine treatment containing diuretic herbs on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in China. Methods: We reviewed clinical studies on NAFLD from the China Academic Journal of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure from January 1, 2016, to September 10, 2018. Results: Thirty-nine papers from 86 studies were reviewed. The most commonly used herbal prescriptions included Alismatis Rhizoma(澤瀉), Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix (丹蔘), Crataegii Fructus (山査), Polia Sclerotium (茯?), Bupleuri Radix (柴胡), and Cassiae Semen (決明子). The treatment effective rate, liver function test, serum lipid test, radiological examination, and symptom comparisons were used to analyze the treatments. In 32 of the papers, the effective treatment rate was 76.9%-100%, and the effectiveness in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.05). The risk ratio for the treatment effective rate was 1.26. The mean difference of ALT was -13.44 U/L (95% confidential interval, -24.45 U/L, -2.44 U/L, p=0.0166). Conclusion: Herbal medicine containing diuretic herbs has been demonstrated to be an effective and useful treatment for NAFLD. Clinical studies that are more scientific and systematic should be actively conducted in the future, and the results of the current study could be used as basic data in future clinical studies on herbal medicine treatment for NAFLD.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.365-381
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• 2023

The existing vision-based techniques for inspection and condition assessment of civil infrastructure are mostly manual and consequently time-consuming, expensive, subjective, and risky. As a viable alternative, researchers in the past resorted to deep learning-based autonomous damage detection algorithms for expedited post-disaster reconnaissance of structures. Although a number of automatic damage detection algorithms have been proposed, the scarcity of labeled training data remains a major concern. To address this issue, this study proposed a semi-supervised learning (SSL) framework based on consistency regularization and cross-supervision. Image data from post-earthquake reconnaissance, that contains cracks, spalling, and exposed rebars are used to evaluate the proposed solution. Experiments are carried out under different data partition protocols, and it is shown that the proposed SSL method can make use of unlabeled images to enhance the segmentation performance when limited amount of ground truth labels are provided. This study also proposes DeepLab-AASPP and modified versions of U-Net++ based on channel-wise attention mechanism to better segment the components and damage areas from images of reinforced concrete buildings. The channel-wise attention mechanism can effectively improve the performance of the network by dynamically scaling the feature maps so that the networks can focus on more informative feature maps in the concatenation layer. The proposed DeepLab-AASPP achieves the best performance on component segmentation and damage state segmentation tasks with mIoU scores of 0.9850 and 0.7032, respectively. For crack, spalling, and rebar segmentation tasks, modified U-Net++ obtains the best performance with Igou scores (excluding the background pixels) of 0.5449, 0.9375, and 0.5018, respectively. The proposed architectures win the second place in IC-SHM2021 competition in all five tasks of Project 2.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.71-87
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• 2023

Climate change causes ocean warming, ocean acidification, sea-level rise, dynamic coastal risk, change of ecosystem structure and function, and degradation of ecosystem services. Not only that, but it has negatively impacted the well-being of people, society, and culture, including food security, water resources, water quality, livelihood, health, welfare, infrastructure, transport, tourism, recreation, and so on, especially by particularly degrading indigenous communities and generating an inequitable distribution of benefits and costs. As pointed out here, these adverse impacts of climate change on the ocean have been emphasized at the international and national levels. In contrast, the ocean field has been neglected in the climate change conversation for too long. However, since the UNFCCC COP 25, the ocean has been drawn into the discussion as a solution to address climate change. Moreover, the U.S. Congress recently unveiled a bill called the 'Ocean-Based Climate Solution Act, OBCSA' that reflects the new paradigm of the international regime. The comprehensive legislative bill includes elements related to climate inequity, a blue economy, and a community-led bottom-up policy mechanism, which will have a significant bearing on the ocean-climate legal system. Therefore, this study reviews the OBCSA and deduces implications with regard to the ocean-climate legal system in Korea.